NCU NKFW
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    # 邏輯運算與判斷式 ###### tags: `NKFW 網頁設計入門` --- ## 簡介 :::info 我們常常需要寫一些程式碼,當滿足某些條件才會執行。 比方說: * 登入網站的時候,輸入帳號跟正確的密碼才能夠成功登入;反之,則提醒你帳號不存在或是密碼錯誤。 * 在成績登記系統裡面,如果不及格的時候就要把那個欄位顯示成紅字。 我們用成績判斷作為例子,寫一段簡單的程式碼當作範例 ::: --- ```javascript= var score = 58; if(score < 60){ alert("不及格!下次再加油嘿"); } ``` 先把這段程式碼拆成兩個部分來看: ##### `score < 60` * `<`是一個比較的符號,它叫做`邏輯運算子` * 而`score < 60`,這種式子叫做`條件判斷式` * 如果`score < 60`成立,則會回傳`true`;反之,則會回傳`false` ##### `if(條件判斷式){要執行的程式碼}` * 條件判斷式裡面的值如果是`true`,就執行底下的程式碼。 * 反之,則跳過。 --- ## Compare Expression 用來進行邏輯運算的符號,通常會搭配條件判斷式來使用。 | == | != | > | < | >= | && | <= | l l | | ---- |:------:|:----:|:----:|:--------:| --- |:----------:| --- | | 等於 | 不等於 | 大於 | 小於 | 大於等於 | 和 | 小過或等於 | 或 | --- ```javascript! // 在console裡面直接輸入以下的程式觀察結果 var x = 10, y = 12 x == y x != y x < y x > y x >= y x <= y x >= 10 && y >= 10 x < 5 || y < 20 ``` --- ## if 如果滿足if的條件,就會執行裡面的程式碼,如下圖 ```javascript! var x = 10; if(x > 0){ console.log("這個數字是正數"); } ``` --- ## if-else ```javascript! var x = 1; if(x > 1){ console.log("Hello"); }else{ console.log("not hello"); } ``` --- :::info Project 1: 輸入一個成績,如果大於等於60,印出及格,小於60印出不及格 ::: --- ## 多個條件:if...else-if 剛剛的程式,如果分數超過100或是小於0,是沒有辦法被偵測出來的。這時候我們可以用`if...else-if...else`的寫法來完成分數的檢查,如下圖 ```javascript! var score = 60; if(score < 0 || score > 100){ console.log("分數應該要介於0~100之間"); } else if(score >= 60){ console.log("及格"); } else{ console.log("不及格"); } ``` --- :::info Project 2: 輸入一個月份,印出那個是哪個季節 (11月-1月=>冬、2月-4月=>春 、5月-7月=>夏、8月-10月=>秋) :::

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