Alexandre Carvalho da Silva
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    # [RONAN] Aprendendo Linux ### Instalar VirtualBox https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads ### Baixar ISO http://mirror.turbozoneinternet.net.br/centos/7.9.2009/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.10/ubuntu-20.10-live-server-amd64.iso?_ga=2.242936513.276740050.1614090816-677756629.1614090816 ## Centos7 ### INSTALAR CENTOS7 #### Baixar o Arquivo Centos #### Abrir o Virtualbox #### Selecionar novo #### Escolher o nome para a máquina virtual no caso utilizei: CentosServer(atentar para local de instalação na máquina local, tipo e versão) ![](https://i.imgur.com/MoYfyp9.png) #### Definir tamanho da emória da Máquina Virtual; ![](https://i.imgur.com/IQEGXy1.png) #### Selecionar o Disco Rígido Virtual; ![](https://i.imgur.com/yoOycLe.png) #### Selecionar o tipo de arquivo de disco rígido; ![](https://i.imgur.com/Og0EZFO.png) #### Selecionar o tipo de armazenamento; ![](https://i.imgur.com/Fr2Iw3W.png) #### Selecionar a localização e tamanho do arquivo na máquina virtual; ![](https://i.imgur.com/yq8ybJq.png) #### Selecionar a máquina virtual instalada e clicar em iniciar; ![](https://i.imgur.com/KkAm6FJ.png) #### Selecionar o arquivo iso, baixado do CentOs ![](https://i.imgur.com/V54X4nA.png) #### Selecionar Install CentOs para iniciar a instalação; ![](https://i.imgur.com/FDbhnWy.png) #### Selecionar o idioma da Instalação; ![](https://i.imgur.com/1DDKL4B.png) #### Nesse caso tem a versão em português, que foi selecionada; ![](https://i.imgur.com/ueXGaOq.png) #### Escolher o disco de destino da insalação; ![](https://i.imgur.com/mxlKFcL.png) #### Disco adicionado ![](https://i.imgur.com/BBMGZVi.png) #### Disco Selecionado; ![](https://i.imgur.com/70lQtSN.png) #### Clicar em Iniciar a Instalação; ![](https://i.imgur.com/1PoXNks.png) #### Definir senha do usuário root e caso queira criar usuário; ![](https://i.imgur.com/6TQbDB9.png) #### Senha do usuário root criada (T00r) ![](https://i.imgur.com/DghYyQa.png) #### Aguardar Instalação em seguida reinicializar; ![](https://i.imgur.com/lRU8X8l.png) #### Após reinicializar logar e testar para ver se o sistema está rodando; ![](https://i.imgur.com/hprocZa.png) ### CRIAR NOVO USUÁRIO CENTOS7 #### INICIAR A MV CENTOS7 #### No CentOs já estou logado como usuário root que foi o único usuário criado na instalação; então só é preciso executar o comando: adduser aluno; ![](https://i.imgur.com/uOU8ehv.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/6GzTwjh.png) ### ALTERAR SENHA DO USUÁRIO CRIADO; **(DÚVIDA QUAL SENHA PADRÃO?)** #### Após criar o usuário executar o comando: passwd aluno (nome do usuário) Digitar e confirmar a nova senha; "ronanlinux" ### CRIAR GRUPOS #### Para verificar os Grupos existentes, executar o comando: getent group; ![](https://i.imgur.com/5WAqG4f.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/Pd5Ee1h.png) Note-se que só temos criado os grupos do SO e do único usuário criado "aluno"; #### Para criar Grupos - Executar o comando: ![](https://i.imgur.com/9N453K4.png) #### groupadd (nomedogrupo) nesse caso foi: (linuxworld); ![](https://i.imgur.com/Idz1I5y.png) ### ADICIONANDO USUÁRIOS A GRUPOS #### Para adicionar um usuário a um grupo executar o comando: usermod -a -G (nomedogrupo) (nomedousuário) usermod -a -G linuxworld aluno (OBS. O G do -G precisa ser maísculo) ![](https://i.imgur.com/bZmdlMA.png) Executar comando getent group para verificar se o usuário foi adicionado ao grupo: ![](https://i.imgur.com/WpsRKZd.png) ## UBUNTU 20.10 ### Baixar o arquivo Ubuntu (versão desejada).iso ### Instalar SO UBUNTU #### Abrir o Virtualbox #### Selecionar novo #### Escolher o nome para máquina virtual no caso utilizei: UbuntuServer (atentar para local de instalação na máquina local, tipo e versão) ![](https://i.imgur.com/4UwihNn.png) #### Selecionar tamanho da memória; ![](https://i.imgur.com/9kdP6Nq.png) #### Criar novo disco rígido virtual ![](https://i.imgur.com/uvuyRSD.png) #### Escolher tipo de arquivo de disco rígido (no caso atual escolhi VDI) ![](https://i.imgur.com/BKLhrh7.png) #### Escoher armazenamento de em disco rígido fisico, temos duas opções Dinamicamente alocado onde ele automaticamente define o tamanho a ser usado ou tamanho fixo onde limitados o tamanho máximo a ser usado: ![](https://i.imgur.com/cVU7XpJ.png); #### Definir localização e tamanho do arquivo: ![](https://i.imgur.com/VJReEtQ.png) #### Criar #### Iniciar a Máquina Virtual ![](https://i.imgur.com/ApUTbbF.png) #### Selecionar a versão iso baixada: ![](https://i.imgur.com/N8QcdRe.png) #### Selecionar Ubuntu Server ![](https://i.imgur.com/q10IMg3.png) #### Selecionar Idioma (Não tem Português em 23/02/2021) ![](https://i.imgur.com/eCid76l.png) #### Selecionar a Instalação com Update ou sem de acordo com o desejado; ![](https://i.imgur.com/kyL5XqM.png) #### Selecionar o Idioma do Teclado; ![](https://i.imgur.com/gKVIUuv.png) #### Configuração de rede no caso não selecionei nenhuma segui a padrão (se informar como são as outras configurações) ![](https://i.imgur.com/0E6yBc6.png) #### Definir Proxy ( como não tenho proxy não selecionei nenhuma, como funcionaria se eu tivesse ? O que deveria fazer?) ![](https://i.imgur.com/JMMcakm.png) #### Selecionar de onde a instalação vai baixar atualizações e arquivos, como padrão vem o sinte archive.ubuntu; ![](https://i.imgur.com/RCgKrgf.png) #### Selecionar o disco de instalação virtual; ![](https://i.imgur.com/wVPUVU3.png) #### Escolher a pasta de inicialização do Sistema ![](https://i.imgur.com/vYeitry.png) #### Confirmar a instalação; ![](https://i.imgur.com/QtXdpJq.png) #### Definir nome - nome do servidor - usuário e senha; ![](https://i.imgur.com/QIhLUNY.png) #### Aqui Pode se escolher instalação abrindo SSH ou seguir padrão; ![](https://i.imgur.com/1jc3ddQ.png) #### Aqui pode se escolher algum pacote para instalar junto com o Sistema Operacional; ![](https://i.imgur.com/ZykkTPE.png) #### Aguardar a Instalação; ![](https://i.imgur.com/EIVg8Fa.png) #### Instalação Completa reiniciar e fazer Login ![](https://i.imgur.com/c2KGvI8.png) ### CRIAR NOVO USUÁRIO UBUNTU #### INICIAR A MV UBUNTU #### EXECUTAR O COMANDO: adduser aluno (nome do usuário) ![](https://i.imgur.com/bIG54uH.png) #### O SO (Sistema Operacional) Vai criar o usuário; Em seguida pedirá a criação de senha para esse usuário; Depois pedirá a confirmação da senha; Após a criação da senha pedirá informações desse usuário que podem ser preenchidas ou não, as informações são: Nome Completo: Número da Sala: Telefone do Trabalho: Telefone da casa: Outras: E pede confirmacão se as informações estão corretas; #### PARA CONFIRMAR SE O USUÁRIO FOI CRIADO PODEMOS EXECUTAR DOIS COMANDOS: ls .. ![](https://i.imgur.com/1Et0vRV.png) ou o comando: getent passwd ![](https://i.imgur.com/A9o0q1z.png) ## Debian 10.9

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