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    ## 第二章 變數與運算式 ### 變數命名規則 1.變數名稱只能由大小寫英文字、數字、_、中文組成 2.變數的第一個字母不能是數字 3.英文字母大小寫視為不同變數名稱 | acos | and | array | asin | assert | atan | |:-----:|:-----:|:------:|:--------:|:-------:|:------:| | break | class | close | continue | cos | Data | | def | del | e | elif | else | expect | | exec | exp | fabs | float | finally | floor | | for | from | global | if | import | in | | input | int | is | lambda | log | log 10 | | not | open | or | pass | pi | print | | raise | range | return | sin | sqrt | tan | | try | type | while | write | zeros | | ### 常用跳脫字元 ![](https://i.imgur.com/bfXVrT3.png) ### %字串格式化 ![](https://i.imgur.com/OMfLplH.jpg) ### %5d 超過在左方補空白字元 ``` a=100 print("價格為%5d"%(a)) ``` ``` 價格為 100 ``` ### %5s 超過在左方補空白字元 ``` a='100' print("價格為%5s"%(a)) ``` ``` 價格為 100 ``` ### %8.2s 超過8,左方補空白字元。小數<2,補0 ``` a= 100.1 print("價格為%8.2f"%(a)) ``` ``` 價格為 100.10 ``` ### 字串格式化 print(字串.format(參數列)) 「參數順序:格式設定」 ## 第三章 判斷式 ## 第四章 迴圈 ### range range(起始值,終止值) range(起始值,終止值,間隔值) ### continue 執行中途暫時停住不往下執行,跳到迴圈起始處 ``` for i in range(1,11) if(i==6) continue print(i, end = ",") #1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10, ``` ## 第五章 串列與元組 ### for in 讀串列 ``` list1 = ["香蕉","蘋果","橘子"] for s in list1: print(s,end = ",")#香蕉,蘋果,橘子 ``` ### for range 讀串列 ``` scores=[85,79,93] for i in range(len(scores)): print(scores[i]) #85 #79 #93 ``` ### 刪除串列元素 **串列名.remove(串列元素)** 若不在串列中,將發生錯誤 ``` list1 = ["春天","夏天","秋天","冬天"] list1.remove("夏天") print(list1) #['春天','秋天','冬天'] ``` **串列名.pop(索引值)** 沒有參數,取出最後一個元素 **del 串列名稱(索引值)** 可以是負值,由後向前 索引超出範圍,將發生錯誤 **del 串列名稱(起始值:終止值[:間隔值])** ### 串列排序 **串列名稱.sort()** 由小到大排序 **串列名稱.reverse()** 順序反轉 **串列名稱2 = sorted(串列名稱1,reverse=True/False)** 不會改變原串列 True 由大到小 False 由小到大 ## 第六章 字典 ### 建立字典 **字典名稱={鍵:值,...}** **字典名稱=dict{[[鍵:值],...]}** **字典名稱=dict(鍵=值),...)** ### 取值 字典名稱[鍵] ### 當字典的鍵重複 前面的鍵會被覆蓋 ### 當字典的鍵不存在 產生錯誤 ### 字典名稱.get(鍵[,預設值]) ![](https://i.imgur.com/JbtC7ml.jpg) ### 修改字典 字典名稱[鍵] =值 ### 刪除字典 **del 字典名稱[鍵]** 刪除字典中特定元素 **字典名稱.clear()** 刪除字典中所有元素 **del 字典名稱** 刪除字典 ### setdefault 字典名稱.setdefault(鍵[,預設值]) ![](https://i.imgur.com/Km8hxMC.png) ## pandas ``` #載入csv檔,用dataframe格式存放資料 df = pd.read_csv("file_usd_gold.csv") print(df) #各欄位的描述統計 print(df.describe()) #取得前三列資料 print(df.head(3)) #取得後三列資料 print(df.tail(3)) #用欄位名稱取得單一欄位的整欄資料 print( df["exchange"]) #at[資料索引值,欄位名稱] 利用資料索引值及欄位名稱來取得「單一值」 print( df.at[19,"exchange"]) #iat[資料索引值,欄位順序] 利用資料索引值及欄位順序來取得「單一值」 print( df.iat[19,1]) #loc[資料索引值,欄位名稱] 利用資料索引值及欄位名稱來取得「資料集」 print( df.loc[[18,19],["exchange","gold"]]) #iloc[資料索引值,欄位順序]:利用資料索引值及欄位順序來取得「資料集」 print(df.iloc[[18, 19], [1, 2]]) #append():新增一列的資料 df = df.append({ "date": "20221129", "exchange": 60, "gold": 1690 }, ignore_index=True) print( df.loc[[18,19,20],["date","exchange","gold"]]) #修改特定格子的值 df.at[20, "exchange"] = 33 #修改索引值為1的math欄位資料 df.iat[20, 2] = 1700 print( df.loc[[18,19,20],["date","exchange","gold"]]) #針對單一欄位排序 df = df.sort_values(["exchange"], ascending=False) print(df["exchange"]) #篩選 print(df[ df["exchange"]>32]) ```

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