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###### tags: `database` # 記憶體管理 記憶體的使用有 * 空間局部性 (Spatial locality) * 時序局部性 (Temporal locality) 對於 DBMS,不應該依賴 VM,swap 與否應自行管理。其好在 * 可管理 swap * meta-write for logs 另外,Log 不需用 buffer pool,因為其只會恆定的使用一個 buffer,且永遠只有 append 和反向讀取兩種操作。 ## 使用 Buffer pool 減少 I/O... > Vanilla DB 將 page 以 buffer 包裝,buffer 由 buffer manager 管理。 使用 Block 時透過 pin 一個 page buffer,pin 有以下幾種可能: * Hit * 有剩餘 buffer 就拿來用 * 沒有且存在 unpinned 的 buffer,用 replacement algo 找候選 buffer * 需 flush dirty page * 商用可能會為 buffer 分類以幫助 replacement algo * 所有 buffer 都被 pin,等待至有 buffer 注意到 buffer 和 page 都應該是 thread safe 的。 ## Replacement algo 常見算法 * linear search (naïve) * FIFO * LRU: 換掉最久沒用的 * Clock: 從上次掃描到的地方掃描,取第一個沒在用的 也可採用混合算法,比如 Oracle DBMS 使用 cold 時 LRU、hot 時 FIFO。 ## Deadlock * 遇死結時放所有 pinned 後回去睡,之後一個個重新 pin * Self-Deadlock 沒救 ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/S1NxLCHE3.png)

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