HackMDSummary of Tolkien's poem ‘Mythopoeia’
The poem opens with an address to C.S. Lewis, who once dismissed myths as "lies" even if they were beautifully told. Tolkien critiques a purely scientific view of the world, which reduces everything to mere labels and mathematical processes. In this perspective, stars are just balls of matter, and life is a series of mechanical events without meaning. However, Tolkien argues that this view overlooks the deeper truth that myths capture—the spiritual and creative essence behind reality.
He reflects on the power of language and imagination, suggesting that humans, through their creative acts, connect with the divine. This creativity, Tolkien implies, is not just fanciful storytelling but a fundamental way in which humans participate in the world. Myths are not lies but expressions of truth, born from humanity’s deep connection to the cosmos. Through myth-making, humans reflect their divine origins, acting as "sub-creators" who bring forth beauty and meaning in a world that would otherwise seem cold and empty.
In the second part of the poem, Tolkien praises those who create myths and legends, describing them as "legend-makers" who remind us of deeper truths beyond recorded history. These creators do not shy away from the darkness and challenges of life; instead, they confront them and inspire others through their tales of courage and hope. Even when faced with despair, they refuse to retreat, choosing instead to celebrate the possibility of victory and the existence of unseen wonders.
Tolkien contrasts the myth-makers with those who seek only material progress, depicted as "progressive apes" following a bleak, mechanical path. He rejects this vision of life, refusing to surrender his creative freedom to a world that denies the role of imagination and artistic creation.
The poem concludes with a vision of Paradise, where creation continues in harmony with the divine. In this ideal realm, evil is absent because it originates not in the world itself but in flawed human perception and choices. The myth-makers in Paradise will continue their work, but without the falsehoods or limitations that exist in the mortal world. They will create with perfect clarity and truth, drawing from an infinite source of inspiration.
Overall, Mythopoeia is a defense of myth-making as a vital and noble endeavor, allowing humanity to connect with deeper realities and truths, both in this world and beyond.
The poem and a short discussion of its origins can be read online here [link].
