Legendarium Modal Values

A. Seven (7)

• Seven days in a Númenórean week
• Seven Fathers of Dwarves
• Seven Gates of Gondolin
• Seven hours of the Two Trees' radiance ("In seven hours glory of each tree waxed to full and waned again to naught; and each awoke once more to life an hour before other ceased to shine.")
• Seven levels of Minas Tirith
• Seven Lords and Queens of Valar
• Seven names of Gondolin [link]
• Seven Palantíri (seeing-stones)
• Seven Rings of Dwarves
• Seven rivers of Ossiriand (Gelion with its six tributaries)
• Seven Ships of Falathrim ("Of Tuor and Fall of Gondolin")
• Seven sons of Feanor
• Seven Stars (Menelmacar, Valacirca, and Pleiades (Remmirath))
• Seven Stewardship Generations of Gondor before return of king Elessar
• Seven Wounds Fingolfin gave Morgoth

B. Three (3)

• Three complete Ages of Middle-earth
• Three Elven Rings (Narya, Nenya, and Vilya)
• Three Houses of Edain (Men)
• Three Hunters (Aragorn, Legolas, and Gimli in Two Towers)
• Three Kindreds of Eldar (Vanyar, Noldor, Teleri)
• Three Peaks of Moria (Caradhras, Celebdil, and Fanuidhol)
• Three primary language-groups of the Elves (Quenya, Sindarin, Telerin {Sylvan})
• Three Silmarils
• Three stages of the Battles of the Last Alliance (Imladris: supplies and strategy, Battle of Dagorlad, Siege of Barad-dûr)
• Three Unions of Elves and Men (Beren & Lúthien, Tuor & Idril, Aragorn & Arwen)
• Threefold Race of the Line of Lúthien (Elves, Men, Maiar)

C. One (1)

• Eru Ilúvatar (supreme being)
• Eärendil (one emissary to seek help from Valar)
• One Arkenstone of Thrain
• One Dark Lord (Morgoth or Sauron at different points in time)
• One Lord of the Nazgûl (Witch-king of Angmar)
• One rightful King of Gondor (Aragorn)
• One Ring
• One White Tree of Gondor (symbol of kingdom)

D. Two (2)

• Two Captains of of Dor-Cúarthol (Beleg and Túrin)
• Two High Kings of the Elves (Gil-galad and Elu Thingol)
• Two Kindreds of the Children of Ilúvatar (Elves and Men)
• Two Kingdoms of Men (Gondor and Arnor)
• Two Lamps (Illuin and Ormal)
• Two Towers (Orthanc and Barad-dûr in Two Towers)
• Two Trees of Valinor (Telperion and Laurelin)
• Twofold nature of Ainur (Valar & Maiar)

E. Twelve (12)

• Twelve companions of Barahir
• Twelve Companions of Thorin Oakenshield
• Twelve Companions of Túrin Turambar
• Twelve hours in a Valian Day
• Twelve houses of the Gondolindrim
• Twelve months in the Shire and Númenórean Calendars
• 24 (12 × 2) Chapters in the Quenta Silmarillion
• 144 (12²) solar years in an elvish yén

F. Six (6)

• Six Battles of Beleriand {First Battle (fought before the Noldor arrived: between the forces of Morgoth and the Sindar, Laiquendi, and Dwarves of the Blue Mountains), Dagor-nuin-Giliath (Battle-under-Stars), Dagor Aglareb (Glorious Battle), Dagor Bragollach (Battle of Sudden Flame), Nirnaeth Arnoediad (Battle of Unnumbered Tears), War of Wrath (Ended First Age)}
• Six days in an elven week (Enquië)
• Six main dialects of Elvish (if considering sub-divisions like Nandorin)
• Six Races of Free Peoples (Elves, Dwarves, Men, Hobbits, Ents, Eagles)
• 36 (6²) Tengwar

G. Nine (9)

• Nine Nazgûl (Ringwraiths)
• Nine Numenorean Exile ships ("Nine ships there were: four for Elendil, and for Isildur three, and for Anárion two.")
• Nine Rings of Men (leading to Nazgûl)
• Nine Walkers (Fellowship of Ring)
• Nine named Servants of Morgoth:

1. Sauron - Morgoth's most powerful lieutenant and later Dark Lord of Second Age.
2. Gothmog - Lord of Balrogs and high-captain of Angband. He is perhaps most famous of Balrogs.
3. Glaurung - Father of Dragons, first of Urulóki, fire-drakes of Morgoth.
4. Ancalagon Black - greatest of all dragons, leading host of winged dragons in War of Wrath.
5. Draugluin - First of Werewolves, a dreadful beast serving Sauron in Tol-in-Gaurhoth.
6. Carcharoth - Greatest Werewolf to ever live, bred by Morgoth to be bane of Huan, hound of Valinor.
7. Thuringwethil - A vampire-like creature, possibly one of Maiar, who took form of a bat.
8. Boldog - A name used for orc leaders or mightier orc champions, though it's less clear if this is a specific individual or a title.
9. Lungorthin - A lesser-known Balrog mentioned in some of Tolkien's earlier writings.

H. Five (5)

• Five Armies in Hobbit (Elves, Men, Dwarves, Orcs, and Eagles)
• Five Fathers of the Elves (Ingwë, Finwë, Elwë, Olwë, and Lenwë)
• Five members of the Council of the Wise (Saruman, Gandalf, Galadriel, Elrond, Círdan)
• Five Wizards (Saruman, Gandalf, Radagast, Alatar, and Pallando)

I. Four (4)

• Four Ages of Middle-earth (of the Fourth Age, we have only the beginning records)
• Four Cardinal Directions (W,S,E,N: Beginning with and facing west; hyarmen and formen indeed meant left-hand region and right-hand region—the opposite to the arrangement in many Mannish languages)
• Four Hobbits in Fellowship (Frodo, Sam, Merry, Pippin)

J. Fourteen (14)

• Fourteen Valar (not including Melkor)
• Fourteen main rivers of Beleriand (if including all significant ones like Sirion, Narog, etc.) For the doubters, here is an annotated list:

1. Sirion - The chief river of Beleriand, which divided the region into East and West Beleriand.
2. Gelion - A major river in East Beleriand, which had two sources and was longer than Sirion but less wide and powerful.
3. Narog - The principal river of West Beleriand, flowing into the Ringwil, and where the hidden city of Nargothrond was built beside its banks.
4. Teiglin - A tributary of Sirion, known for its ravines and the crossing points important in the tales of Túrin Turambar.
5. Brithon - A lesser-known river that flowed into the Great Sea at Brithombar.
6. Nenning - Another river flowing to the sea, near the Falas, with the haven of Eglarest nearby.
7. Esgalduin - The river that flowed through Doriath, passing by Menegroth, the capital of the Sindarin Elves.
8. Aros - Formed the southern border of Doriath, meeting with Sirion eventually.
9. Celon - A tributary of Aros, flowing through the forest of Region in Doriath.
10. Mindeb - A river that originated in the Ered Wethrin mountains, flowing into Sirion.
11. Thalos - A tributary of Gelion in Ossiriand.
12. Legolin - Another tributary of Gelion in Ossiriand.
13. Duilwen - Yet another tributary of Gelion, in the land of Ossiriand.
14. Adurant - The last significant tributary of Gelion, known for being the river where Beren and Lúthien lived for a time after their return.
    ——
    These rivers not only shaped the geography of Beleriand but also played significant roles in the narratives of the First Age, influencing the movements and stories of the Elves, Men, and other creatures of Middle-earth.

Multiples of: 2, 3 and 7:

Multiples of 2 (Binary/Pairing Themes)

2 (Base Value):

• Two Kindreds of the Children of Ilúvatar: Elves and Men.
• Two Trees of Valinor: Telperion (silver) and Laurelin (gold).
• Two Lamps: Illuin and Ormal, created by the Valar to light the world.
• Two Towers: Orthanc and Barad-dûr in The Two Towers.
• Two Rings of Power (Final Conflict): The One Ring and Vilya (Elrond's Elven Ring) play critical roles at the end of the Third Age.

4 (2 × 2):

• Four Ages of Middle-earth: Spanning from the creation of Arda to the end of the Third Age (the Fourth Age has only beginning records).
• Four Hobbits in the Fellowship: Frodo, Sam, Merry, and Pippin.
• Four Cardinal Directions: North, South, East, and West, used frequently in the context of maps and journeys.

6 (2 × 3):

• Six Days in an Elven Week: Enquië.
• Six Battles of Beleriand: Key conflicts during the First Age involving Morgoth and the forces of Middle-earth.

12 (2 × 6):

• Twelve Hours in a Valian Day: The division of time in Valinor.
• Twelve Companions of Thorin Oakenshield: In The Hobbit, Thorin is accompanied by 12 Dwarves on the journey to Erebor.

14 (2 × 7):

• Fourteen Valar (Excluding Melkor): The high-ranking Ainur who entered Arda to shape the world.
• Fourteen Main Rivers of Beleriand: A comprehensive list of significant rivers in Beleriand.

Multiples of 3 (Ternary/Tripartite Themes)

3 (Base Value):

• Three Elven Rings: Narya (the Red Ring), Nenya (the White Ring), and Vilya (the Blue Ring).
• Three Houses of Edain: The Houses of Bëor, Haleth, and Hador.
• Three Peaks of Moria: Caradhras, Celebdil, and Fanuidhol.
• Three Kindreds of the Eldar: Vanyar, Noldor, and Teleri.
• Three Unions of Elves and Men: Beren & Lúthien, Tuor & Idril, and Aragorn & Arwen.

6 (2 × 3):

• Six Races of Free Peoples: Elves, Dwarves, Men, Hobbits, Ents, and Eagles.
• Six Days in an Elven Week: Enquië.

9 (3 × 3):

• Nine Nazgûl (Ringwraiths): The nine servants of Sauron who bear the Nine Rings.
• Nine Walkers in the Fellowship: Frodo, Sam, Merry, Pippin, Aragorn, Legolas, Gimli, Boromir, and Gandalf.

12 (3 × 4):

• Twelve Companions of Barahir: The companions who fought alongside Barahir in the First Age.
• Twelve Hours in a Valian Day: The division of time in Valinor.

Multiples of 7 (Septenary Themes)

7 (Base Value):

• Seven Fathers of Dwarves: The original Dwarven lords created by Aulë.
• Seven Palantíri (Seeing-Stones): The seven ancient stones used for communication and seeing far-off events.
• Seven Rings of the Dwarves: The seven Rings of Power given to the Dwarf-lords.
• Seven Ships of the Falathrim: The ships used by the Elves of the Falas during the events of the First Age.
• Seven Wounds Fingolfin Gave Morgoth: The mortal wounds inflicted on Morgoth by Fingolfin during their duel.
• Seven Stars: Menelmacar (Swordsman of the Sky), Valacirca (the Sickle of the Valar), and Pleiades (Remmirath).

14 (2 × 7):

• Fourteen Valar (Excluding Melkor): The major Ainur who came to Arda to shape and govern the world.
• Fourteen Main Rivers of Beleriand: A comprehensive list of significant rivers in Beleriand.

Summary—

• Multiples of 2 frequently represent balance and pairing (Two Trees, Two Lamps, etc.), emphasizing dualities.
• Multiples of 3 often signify trinities and cycles, such as the Three Elven Rings and Three Houses of the Edain.
• Multiples of 7 represent divine completeness and sacred numbers within the Legendarium, particularly tied to Dwarves (Seven Fathers, Seven Rings) and Elvish lore.

These multiples play essential roles in Tolkien's numerological patterns, reinforcing the mystical and structured nature of Middle-earth's world-building.