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    銀髮族廁所輔助工具 == ## 老人如廁得過程說明 **同學一** .阿公最嚴重的時期(雙腿無力且無法自行走路站立) 起床後需先將阿公扶正坐在床沿邊,再將阿公從正面抱起後放在馬桶椅上(因為脹氣導致無法正常排便,所以需要在床邊上廁所),因為雙腳無力所以沒辦法走到廁所如廁,在加上平時是由阿嬤來照看阿公,無法自己一個人將阿公扛到輪椅上後再移駕到廁所。(馬桶椅的小便桶在上完後需要馬上拿去清洗,不然會讓房間稍微瀰漫著難聞的味道) .阿公稍微比較好的時候(可以行走但需要在旁邊看著) 一樣需要將阿公扶正坐在床邊扶他起來拿助行器行走,會不知道助行器該拿的位置在哪裡,因為阿公再拿助行器走路的時候都會太靠近自己,有可能一不小心就會被絆倒,在坐下時也需邀稍微的攙扶一下。 **同學二** .阿嬤受傷後初期(可以自行站立,使用拐杖輔助行走) 行走速度比受傷前緩慢,可以自行從椅子上站起來,拐杖只是輔助的工具。 .阿嬤再次受傷症狀加重(需使用助行器才能行走) 雙腳沒有力氣去支撐身體平穩地起身,如果是我單獨照看阿嬤,因為我的力氣較小,每次攙扶阿嬤起身都需要花較長的時間及力氣,若是由其他家人才能較為快速的扶起阿嬤,從客廳到廁所的距離阿嬤勉強可以使用助行器緩慢行走至廁所,但助行器的體積較大,這段路程都要確保沒有雜物阻擋,阿嬤才能順利步行至廁所。且阿嬤因為雙腳無力容易重心不穩,所以行走時頭上要帶著護具,以防往後跌倒去撞到家具再次受傷。 ## 需要這個產品的原因 當人邁入老年,即使沒有重大疾病纏身,身體的部分機能依然會漸漸的退化,例如體力、聽力、協調性、平衡感等等,都比不上年輕時期的狀態,而這些都會直接或間接影響到長者的生活品質與獨立自主的能力,為了維持生活品質,利用輔具幫忙,讓長者的生活更方便,也能減少家人的擔憂與潛藏的風險。 ## 發展方向 銀髮族廁所、洗漱的可拆式、調整或移動的輔具,可在如廁可調整至馬桶方向;洗澡時也可調製成適合的位子,方便老人可以在洗澡時坐著洗,也不因為地板濕滑而移動位子,在洗完後也可順著扶手起身或行走,用後也可以收納。 (可以減少因為每個家庭廁所和洗澡位子不同所帶來的影響) ## 市面上有類似產品的優缺點 | 市面上類似產品 |優點|缺點| | -------- | -------- | -------- | |![](https://i.imgur.com/sU7HGCu.jpg)|不佔位子、防滑、防靜電|手較無力的老人只有單邊可以使力,怕會有跌倒的風險。| |![](https://i.imgur.com/5dqYTg0.jpg)|放置在老人的房間,可以不用在走去廁所方便|畢竟也是有排泄物會有味道、需常清洗| |![](https://i.imgur.com/4r1lGd1.jpg)|輕便、底部有止滑套|沒有扶手、不穩固一整個就很危險| |![](https://i.imgur.com/fCxgt6r.jpg)|1無障礙廁所的門是推拉式,易於進出一側為活動式扶手。2.為一般式馬桶而非蹲式。3具兩種緊急求救鈴,跌倒時便於求救。4鏡子傾斜。5洗面盆底下有放腳之空間。6.水龍頭為感應式|1空間不足,迴轉直徑小於150cm,輪椅使用困難,馬桶側邊無淨空。2L型扶手朝上且應該傾斜。3無障礙廁所設置在男女廁裡面,表示身心障礙者必須進入廁所後,方能到達無障礙廁所內,但是外門不易推開且沉重。4鏡子高度下緣距地面96.4cm,規定值下緣距地面不得大於90cm| ## 參考資料 【學設計】銀髮族浴室 首重規避風險 https://www.kindomliving.com.tw/?p=10322 ITAI 一太衛浴◆長照輔具 可調節淋浴椅 ET-AD-B0001 起身施力輔助 坐下穩定平衡 安穩坐享沐浴時光 https://shopee.tw/%E2%97%86ITAI-%E4%B8%80%E5%A4%AA%E8%A1%9B%E6%B5%B4%E2%97%86%E9%95%B7%E7%85%A7%E8%BC%94%E5%85%B7-%E5%8F%AF%E8%AA%BF%E7%AF%80%E6%B7%8B%E6%B5%B4%E6%A4%85-ET-AD-B0001-%E8%B5%B7%E8%BA%AB%E6%96%BD%E5%8A%9B%E8%BC%94%E5%8A%A9-%E5%9D%90%E4%B8%8B%E7%A9%A9%E5%AE%9A%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1-%E5%AE%89%E7%A9%A9%E5%9D%90%E4%BA%AB%E6%B2%90%E6%B5%B4%E6%99%82%E5%85%89-i.11863435.5570429854 某戲劇院的無障礙評估 http://ptlog.pt.ntu.edu.tw/ptlog/?vol=57&aid=245 銀髮住宅和老人公寓無障礙設計怎麼做:衛浴廁所篇 https://house1966.com/article/320/ 視覺障礙設計 == **分成兩部分** 1. 視力障礙 2. 顏色辨別障礙 ## 視力障礙 ### 需要這個產品的原因 視覺障礙不只是白內障、青光眼、黃斑部病變等其他許多人知道的眼睛疾病,因外在因素而導致眼睛受傷的人也算是視覺障礙,由於少了一眼的視線而導致暫時性的左右不平衡,即使旁邊有人攙扶,前方也都沒有任何人、物品或障礙阻擋,也會發現自己不太能放心的前進,讓平日習以為常的生活,都成了充滿危險的地方。 ### 發展方向 * 直覺式設計 * 關懷設計 * 不只針對全盲而做設計,眼部病變、弱視、視覺障礙也通用 * 長者、幼童、手部無力者 * 調整左右不平衡的問題 * 減少使用一隻眼睛的疲勞 * 拿放東西時不會錯位 ### 市面上有類似產品的優缺點 #### InnoMake的鞋子 這款名為InnoMake的鞋子,每隻鞋的鞋尖部分都裝有防水的超音波感測器,最遠可以檢測到4公尺外的障礙物。 使用者穿上鞋子後,如果越靠近障礙物,鞋子就會發出頻率更高的振動,就像汽車後部的停車感測器一樣。在障礙物附近時,鞋子還會發出振動並發出聲音。 目前售價2700英鎊(約10萬8千元台幣),其中包括了兩個設備,一雙鞋子(或安裝在現有鞋子上)以及USB充電器。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/YRyh6be.jpg) ![](https://i.imgur.com/sPQcIRd.jpg) #### 環境探測手套 這款裝置內建的深度鏡頭可生成佩戴者周圍環境的 3D 圖像,計算周圍障礙物與佩戴者的方位和距離,手套分布著多個振動馬達,每個振動馬達代表不同方向,振動強度代表佩戴者與障礙物的距離。這款裝置的成本低於 500 歐元(約新台幣 17,310 元)。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/auO0tDL.jpg) ![](https://i.imgur.com/AgKgrXn.jpg) #### 導盲杖 獨特的“7”字形可以幫助視障人士輕鬆瀏覽周圍的環境。操縱桿的傾斜設計使用戶可以本能地正確握住它。手柄水平握持,搖桿自然向前傾斜,使用戶可以輕敲周圍的環境。 它也可以幫助將用戶的狀態傳達給周圍的其他人。正面的手電筒在背面配有紅色的尾燈,可幫助人們在光線不足的情況下識別操縱桿和使用者。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/MRULVRG.jpg) ![](https://i.imgur.com/BB8BO2m.jpg) #### Eye Stick Eye Stick 徹底改造了傳統手杖,它消除了傳統盲人手杖帶來的不便,取而代之的是經過科學增強的類似軍刀的裝置。它的設計不是很長,並使用射線和超聲波傳感器來確定距離測量,從而幫助視力受損的人安全地導航周圍環境。 它可使用超聲波可靠地測量距離,不受雨、霧或其他氣候問題的影響。投射光用於防止與其他行人發生碰撞。超聲波系統提供有關障礙物和樓層變化等危險的信息,並提前檢測到它們。 它還可以獲取有關產品的信息,例如通過鏡頭自動掃描條形碼。信息通過藍牙連接發送並轉換為語音 ![](https://i.imgur.com/qPMkx4e.jpg) ![](https://i.imgur.com/GSP896y.jpg) #### 倒水輔助 ![](https://i.imgur.com/9QK2VCc.jpg) ![](https://i.imgur.com/9XXeI0A.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/jKnrfA4.png) #### 餐具設計 * 碗不容易打翻(套用不倒翁原理) * 盤內的食物好拿取 * 湯匙、叉子不會滑進碗盤內 ![](https://i.imgur.com/tjkZbrl.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/iNMc23u.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/L6K8N0k.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/z0UeMAj.jpg) ![](https://i.imgur.com/TBLZWh9.jpg) ## 視覺障礙設計(顏色感知) ### 需要這個產品的原因 對於視覺障礙的人來說這個世界除了黑白就沒有其他的色彩了,雖然他們失去看到色彩的感官能力或視力使用上的不足,但他們能在一個充滿色彩的地方,在日常生活中感受的對於其他人來說的色彩,他們也可望可以從自身的體驗中得到色彩的答案。 ### 發展方向 * 可以清楚的感知色彩的顏色紋理 * 無須透過他人口訴 * 可享受、體驗自己逛街購物的樂趣 ### 市面上類似產品的優缺點 視障者辨識色彩的Feelipa顏色編碼系統,將顏色與基本幾何形狀有邏輯性的連結後進行重組,使每個顏色都有固定的形體,黑白灰也有代表圖形,以此讓視障者能利用觸覺感受進行色彩辨認,目前系統中共有24色。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/tb02fTd.jpg)

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