# Android 第三方 ROM 繁體中文編譯教學 <small>2021.09.01 更新文章 (支援 Android 11) 2022.02.05 更新文章 (支援 Android 12)</small> #### 從零開始的編譯指南 挑選一個想要編譯的第三方 ROM --- - [Havoc OS](https://github.com/Havoc-OS/android_manifest) - [Arrow-OS](https://github.com/ArrowOS/android_manifest) - [crDroid](https://github.com/crdroidandroid/android) - [Pixel Experience](https://github.com/PixelExperience/manifest) - [Lineage OS](https://github.com/LineageOS/android) - 還有其他,這邊僅舉例常見的幾個 ROM 先備知識 --- - Linux 終端指令語法 - git 指令(至少需要基礎的能力) - 永不放棄的心 - 一顆清晰的頭腦 配置一台主機 --- - CPU:建議8核心 - RAM:至少16GB (Android 10),建議配置32GB (Android 12)以上 - 儲存空間容量:至少500GB,建議2TB - 儲存裝置類型:HDD即可 (SATA 3),SSD更好 - 系統:初學者建議安裝 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 安裝必要的編譯套件 ---- - 臺灣國家高速網路中心 : ``` sudo sed -i 's/tw.archive.ubuntu.com/free.nchc.org.tw/ubuntu' /etc/apt/sources.list sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/free.nchc.org.tw/ubuntu' /etc/apt/sources.list sudo sed -i 's/security.ubuntu.com/free.nchc.org.tw/ubuntu' /etc/apt/sources.list sudo apt-get clean all sudo apt-get update ``` - Ubuntu 18.04 LTS ``` sudo apt install bc bison build-essential ccache curl flex g++-multilib gcc-multilib git gnupg gperf imagemagick lib32ncurses5-dev lib32readline-dev lib32z1-dev liblz4-tool libncurses5 libncurses5-dev libsdl1.2-dev libssl-dev libxml2 libxml2-utils lzop pngcrush rsync schedtool squashfs-tools xsltproc zip zlib1g-dev openjdk-11-jdk git vim repo libwxgtk3.0-dev ``` - Ubuntu 20.04 LTS ``` sudo apt install bc bison build-essential ccache curl flex g++-multilib gcc-multilib git gnupg gperf imagemagick lib32ncurses5-dev lib32readline-dev lib32z1-dev liblz4-tool libncurses5 libncurses5-dev libsdl1.2-dev libssl-dev libxml2 libxml2-utils lzop pngcrush rsync schedtool squashfs-tools xsltproc zip zlib1g-dev openjdk-11-jdk git vim jq ``` 設定 git 環境 ``` git config --global user.email "您的e-mail" git config --global user.name "您的名字" ``` 同步 Android 原始碼 --- #### 參考各個 Android ROM 的 Android Manifest ##### 本文皆以 Arrow-OS(Android 12)與 ASUS ZenFone 5Z (Z01R) 進行舉例 - 先建立資料夾 ``` mkdir -p ~/bin mkdir -p ~/arrow-12 ``` ``` curl http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo && chmod a+x ~/bin/repo ``` ``` cd ~/arrow-12 ``` ``` repo init -u https://github.com/ArrowOS/android_manifest.git -b arrow-12.0 ``` - 接下來便開始同步 Android 源代碼(大約150GB左右,視 Android 版本不同及編譯的ROM不同而有所差異) ``` repo sync -c -j$(nproc --all) --force-sync --no-clone-bundle --no-tags ``` #### 更新原始碼 - 在這之後如果有需要更新原始碼,請使用 repo sync 進行同步(更新系統原始碼) ``` repo sync ``` - 待所有原始碼同步完成後,還需要配置 Device Tree / Vendor Tree / Kernel Tree - 另外,還需要額外下載 Kernel 的編譯器 #### GCC ``` git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/arter97/arm64-gcc -b master prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/aarch64/aarch64-elf git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/arter97/arm32-gcc -b master prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi ``` 或是 ``` git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/mvaisakh/gcc-arm64 -b gcc-master prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/aarch64/aarch64-elf git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/mvaisakh/gcc-arm -b gcc-master prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi ``` ``` git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/Edward-Projects/gcc-arm64 -b Z01R prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/aarch64/aarch64-elf git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/Edward-Projects/gcc-arm -b Z01R prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi ``` #### Clang ``` git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/kdrag0n/proton-clang -b master prebuilts/clang/host/linux-x86/clang-proton ``` # 修改 Device Tree / Device Common Tree #### 對於初學者來說,修改已經開發完成的Device Tree / Device Common Tree,應該會簡易許多 1. 首先在GitHub上面尋找對應裝置的Device Tree / Device Common Tree 2. Fork一份到自己的 GitHub 帳號底下 3. 修改以下列舉的檔案 ``` # 箭頭表示需要重新命名 AndroidProducts.mk Device.mk extract-files.sh lineage.dependencies → arrow.dependencies lineage_Z01R.mk → arrow_Z01R.mk setup-makefiles.sh overly-lineage/ → overly-arrow/ ``` 4. 在這些檔案及資料夾當中尋找原本的系統所使用的代號,修改成你當前要編譯的系統代號 ###### 參考範例: [Z01R: Initial Arrow bringup](https://github.com/Edward-Projects/android_device_asus_Z01R/commit/e1ea428085d65deda95bc4d5949f99c6a91037fc) 5. 系統代號如下: ``` Havoc OS : havoc Arrow-OS : arrow crDroid : lineage Pixel Experience : aosp Lineage OS : lineage ``` 6. 系統代號有些地方是採用大寫字母,切勿更改為小寫字母,應保留原有樣式 同步 Device Tree / Vendor Tree / Kernel Tree --- ##### 備註一下:有些裝置還有Device Common Tree / Vendor Common Tree / Kernel Common Tree 也要記得同步 ###### 小提醒!!如果有遇到Vendor Tree內包含很多裝置的資料,可以善用文末的資料(最後一個網站) svn co 去下載單一個資料夾的東西 ``` Example: git clone {ssh url} -b {branch name} {directory} git clone Github連結 -b 分支 device/品牌名/機型代號 git clone GitHub連結 -b 分支 device/品牌名/SOC名稱-common git clone Github連結 -b 分支 kernel/品牌名/SOC git clone Github連結 -b 分支 vendor/品牌名 ``` #### 範例如下: ``` git clone git@github.com:Edward-Projects/android_device_asus_Z01R.git -b arrow-12.0 device/asus/Z01R git clone git@github.com:bluehomewu/kernel_z01r.git -b twelve kernel/asus/sdm845 git clone git@github.com:Edward-Projects/proprietary_vendor_asus_Z01R.git -b arrow-12.0 vendor/asus/Z01R ``` - 設定Cache ``` export USE_CCACHE=1 export CCACHE_EXEC=/usr/bin/ccache ccache -M 50G ``` - 都把檔案放置完成後,可以開始進行編譯 ``` . build/envsetup.sh lunch 系統代號_裝置代號-編譯類型 brunch 系統代號_裝置代號-編譯類型 ``` #### 範例如下: ``` . build/envsetup.sh lunch arrow_Z01R-userdebug brunch arrow_Z01R-userdebug ``` # 腳本 ### 編譯ROM腳本 ``` #!/bin/bash #Build 裝置代號 cd ~/arrow . build/envsetup.sh brunch 系統代號_裝置代號-編譯類型| tee 系統代號_裝置代號_$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H.%M")GMT8.txt ``` #### 範例如下: ``` #!/bin/bash #Build Z01R cd ~/arrow . build/envsetup.sh brunch arrow_Z01R-userdebug | tee arrow_Z01R_$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H.%M")GMT8.txt ``` ### 同步 Device Tree / Vendor Tree / Kernel Tree 的腳本 #### 把這個腳本修改完成後,保存成roomservices.xml檔案,複製至 ``` ~/havoc/.repo/local_manifest ``` ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <manifest> <project path="vendor/品牌名" name="帳號/repo name" remote="github" revision="分支名" /> <project path="device/品牌名/機型代號" name="帳號/repo name" remote="github" revision="分支名" /> <project path="kernel/品牌名/SOC" name="帳號/repo name" remote="github" revision="分支名" /> <project path="prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/aarch64/aarch64-elf" name="Edward-Projects/gcc-arm64" remote="github" revision="Z01R" clone-depth="1" /> <project path="prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi" name="Edward-Projects/gcc-arm" remote="github" revision="Z01R" clone-depth="1" /> </manifest> ``` #### 範例如下: ``` <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <manifest> <project path="vendor/asus/Z01R" name="Edward-Projects/proprietary_vendor_asus_Z01R" remote="github" revision="arrow-12.0" /> <project path="device/asus/Z01R" name="Edward-Projects/android_device_asus_Z01R" remote="github" revision="arrow-12.0" /> <project path="kernel/asus/sdm845" name="bluehomewu/kernel_z01r" remote="github" revision="twelve" /> <project path="prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/aarch64/aarch64-elf" name="Edward-Projects/gcc-arm64" remote="github" revision="Z01R" clone-depth="1" /> <project path="prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi" name="Edward-Projects/gcc-arm" remote="github" revision="Z01R" clone-depth="1" /> </manifest> ``` # Happy Hacking!! # 其他注意事項 ### 編譯 ROM 是一個大工程 - 推薦在編譯的時候使用 tmux 指令去新增一個 session 以便把當前的工作階段保留在背景 - 編譯的同時建議在( brunch 系統代號_機型代號-編譯類型)後方加上 tee 指令,方便保存log檔案,如果有遇到 FAILED 便可以找到問題來源 - 如果要上傳檔案到雲端硬碟,推薦使用 rclone 上傳檔案 - 需要熟悉 git 指令 - 建議編寫一些簡單的腳本方便自己執行命令 #### 參考資料連結: 1. [tmux](https://git.io/JIUrH) 2. [tee](http://linux.vbird.org/linux_basic/0320bash.php#pipe_3) 3. [rclone](https://www.timelate.com/archives/install-rclone-on-ubuntu.html) 4. [為你自己學 Git 筆記 — GitHub 應用篇](https://link.medium.com/oQfJxibSRbb) [修改 Commit 紀錄](https://gitbook.tw/chapters/using-git/amend-commit1.html) [剛才的 Commit 後悔了,想要拆掉重做…](https://gitbook.tw/chapters/using-git/reset-commit.html) [追加檔案到最近一次的 Commit](https://gitbook.tw/chapters/using-git/amend-commit2.html) [同步遠端分支](https://zlargon.gitbooks.io/git-tutorial/content/remote/sync.html) [Git 基礎 - 與遠端協同工作](https://git-scm.com/book/zh-tw/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E-%E8%88%87%E9%81%A0%E7%AB%AF%E5%8D%94%E5%90%8C%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C) [rename git branch locally and remotely](https://git.io/JIUKI) [Git cherry-pick from another repository](https://coderwall.com/p/sgpksw/git-cherry-pick-from-another-repository) [使用 Git 時如何做出跨 repo 的 cherry-pick](https://blog.m157q.tw/posts/2017/12/30/git-cross-repo-cherry-pick/) [git 場景 :從一個分支cherry-pick多個commit](https://www.itread01.com/content/1529341336.html) [合併發生衝突了,怎麼辦?](https://gitbook.tw/chapters/branch/fix-conflict.html) [下載Github上特定Repository內的資料夾](https://notes.andywu.tw/2018/%e4%b8%8b%e8%bc%89github%e4%b8%8a%e7%89%b9%e5%ae%9arepository%e5%85%a7%e7%9a%84%e8%b3%87%e6%96%99%e5%a4%be/) # Q&A 1. 編譯過程遇到 FAILED 的時候,可以嘗試去看看哪個檔案造成的,它會寫在 FAILED 的後方 2. 如果真的遇到自己無法解決的問題,可以加入這三個 Telegram 群組 [Android Building Help](https://t.me/AndroidBuildersHelp) [RomDevelopment](https://t.me/alaskalinuxuser_romdevelopment) [Android OS Building Support](https://t.me/android_builders_help) 3. [快速上手 Android Custom ROM 適配 - Prebuilt Vendor](https://hackmd.io/@EdwardWu/Prebuilt-bringup) 4. 等我想到還有什麼問題再加上來 ## 聯絡我 - Telegram:[Edward Wu](https://t.me/edwardwu0223) - 行有餘力的話,可以考慮捐款給我 [Paypal](https://www.paypal.me/edwardwu0223) - 同場加映 [Android 第三方 Recovery 繁體中文編譯教學](https://hackmd.io/@EdwardWu/CompileARecovery) <p align="center"> <a href="https://github.com/bluehomewu"> <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/-Github-000?style=flat&logo=Github&logoColor=white" /></a> <a href="mailto:bluehome.wu@gmail.com"> <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/-Gmail-c14438?style=flat&logo=Gmail&logoColor=white" /></p></a> ###### tags: `Android` `ROM` `編譯` `第三方` `教學`
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