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SubscribeTrunk-Based Development makes DevOps easy. - Paul Hammant
歡迎來到 DevOpsDay Taipei 2024 共筆
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Learn More →共筆入口：https://hackmd.io/@DevOpsDay/2024
手機版請點選上方 按鈕展開議程列表。
》議程介紹
》收看即時AI翻譯字幕｜Watch AI-translated subtitles
》填寫議程滿意度問卷｜回饋建言給辛苦的講者
tags:
DevOpsDays Taipei 2024- The image was uploaded to a note which you don't have access to
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Learn More →Source control with DevOps is important to me
CI and Trunk-Based Development
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Learn More →a branching model for source control
4種公司規模
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Learn More →- The image was uploaded to a note which you don't have access to
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Learn More →發佈頻率 100, 10, 1, 1/10 days 佈署一次
緊急修復 2.5, 0.5, <0.1, no 次
CI 本身談論的目標是, 每個開發人員每天將工作重新納入source version control.
Release 的頻率愈高，因為 hotfix 的需求愈低，unplanned 的程度反而愈低.
理想狀況是, 持續性計畫性地發布以及 0 個計畫之外的發布.
Release 頻率愈低，抓馬愈多，加班愈多，愈多制度上的不公平（修錯誤要加班，獎金發給加班的人）
Release 的頻率相當於練習的頻率，「專家會練到不犯錯」，頻繁 release 等於增加練習的頻率
如果公司每天能發布 10 個版本時, 會發現公司的時間其實已經消除了所有可能發生的錯誤.
Bad Branching models(對應到前面四分的 Slow Enterprise)
紅線表示 build 不起作用, 可能無法編譯, 或者單元測試無法運行.
Slow Enterprise ： (紅線)Not deployable 數量約等於 deployable
Traditional Trunk-Based Dev (對應到前面四分的 Better Enterprise)
圖中的藍色區域是每個開發人員在工作的地方, 距離主幹分之的距離應該只有一天的時間間隔.
發布分支(灰色部分)在接近發布時間時, 不該允許開發人員在該分之上工作, 只有發布工程師和 SRE 可以在該分之上工作.
Trunk，所有開發者共享的 branch
Better TBD (1/1 Transitional)
基於主幹開發需要我們在source control 中實踐良好的feature toggle 機制
Google-class TBD
沒有分支，只有標籤。
（一天發布十次）
Case Study - Big FX Bank
這樣的分支模型, 很可能導致有些人在 release 的最後幾天內長時間的工作.
需要做的是將這混亂的建置系統轉移至都是綠線的統一建置系統, 所以需要引入
單元測試以及測試自動化.抽象分支的目的是, 使得發布意圖早於發布的工作完成之前.More differentiators: Pre-prod 環境（QA, UAT 等）
這裡以 QA 的角度, 並運用四種顏色, 討論與表達更多差異化因素.
Slow：因為QA環境都是手動建立，沒有留下任何文件，容易失去/無法重建QA環境
Better : 複製相同環境需要一天
Transitional : 通過 IaC 工具將基礎設施環境也加入source control中, 能快速建立 QA 環境並獨立執行測試
將建立 QA 環境的方法、測試都包含到主幹中，建立不同的 QA 環境變成可以計算的成本（只需要額外取得算力）。
Fast ： All in trunk, 隨時產生QA env
More differentiators: Release binaries
Slow: zip, 包啥誰也不知道
Better: pkg
Transitional: pkg for roll-back
Fast: Just fix forward.
More differentiators: databases
Slow: 資料庫的發布計畫交由 dba 執行, 但這並不會在開發團隊的掌控之中.
Better: 會同時定義出兩個版本間的migration script 以及rollback script
Transitional:
Fast: 會一直forward fix , 不考慮rollback
Google's TBD monorepo
monorepo 促進團隊, 無論使用什麼技術, 都在同一個source control repo中, 只是被劃分至不同的目錄之中.這使得所有團隊能同步更新對應的依賴.
改一個模組，所有用到模組的都會 release。
Google monorepo 是指 Google 使用的單一、龐大的程式碼儲存庫，其中包含了幾乎所有 Google 產品和服務的原始碼。這個儲存庫被稱為 Piper，它是一個集中式的版本控制系統，讓 Google 的工程師們可以更輕鬆地協作、共享程式碼，並維護程式碼的一致性。 by Gimini
One CD: Continuous Delivery
CI 事實上只是把每個commit 或 pr, 推入 QA/UAT 環境中, 並不會直接投入正式環境中
CD(持續交付) 指在沒人覺得不妥的情況下, 將程式的變更投入 QA/UAT 環境中.
The other CD: Continuous Deployment
沒有發布指令、pull requests 直接投入production env
Non Continuous Delivery
CD 和 NCD
Grading companies / clients
At the get-to-konw-you stage
通過以下的問題循序漸進地了解, 客戶的公司正處於什麼階段.
問客戶的問題：
https://phdo.paulhammant.com/Trunk-Correlated-Practices-Chart
https://phdo.paulhammant.com/BofA-Platform-Case-Study
Q&A
Q:
A: 這比較是個社交技巧的問題。當然需要支持的架構。要搜集意見、找到對的人挺 TBD、讓團隊能表達安心的轉移時程、好好計畫。在舊作法和新作法之間找到一個折衷。
共筆聊天室：
TW TBD
HIHI
HI
Hi
Hi~~
morning
zzz
testingggggg
Hi
簽到～
Forward Fixing：前進就可以得到兩樣東西！
不懂就問：為何要製作多個QA環境？
翻譯是不是用不了@@