Chao-Kuei Hung
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    # 資訊科技與媒體識讀[114上] 共筆筆記 - [廣播網站](http://140.120.151.65:6080/vnc.html) - 密碼:六個空格(空白鍵) ## 9/9 - [Markdown 語法](https://hackmd.io/@eMP9zQQ0Qt6I8Uqp2Vqy6w/SyiOheL5N/%2FBVqowKshRH246Q7UDyodFA) - 類比 (analog) vs 數位 (digital) - 電腦的計量單位: bit、 byte、 K/M/G/T - 8bits=1byte - 10進位轉16進位:乘,累加。 16進位轉10進位:得餘數,商續除。(google搜尋demical to hex) - 字元編碼: big5、 gb2312、 shift jis、 unicode (utf7、 **utf8**、 utf16、... ) - 作業:16*16乘法表 ## 9/15 - NotebookLM 常用在文字量大的網站、檔案 - 暗黑模式 / deceptive patterns / mind-controlling tech companies / dark patterns - sha256sum, sha512sum, md5sum -> 單向雜湊函數 - **點陣圖**:jpg(有失真-壓縮效果佳), png(無失真), bmp(原始未壓縮) - png:適合畫icon - **向量圖**:svg(google上右鍵圖片顯示網頁原始碼), ps - scalable svg:可縮放向量圖 - **試算表格式** - xlsx 微軟專有 - ODS:open document spreadsheet - CSV 純文字格式 - [inkscape繪圖軟體(產生svg圖推薦)](https://inkscape.org/zh-hant/ "游標顯示") - 想要使用的軟體若需付費,可考慮後方加上open source(得替代網站) - 作業:自選資料並進行 NotebookLM 實作(學生本名經由單向雜湊函數輸出後的前六碼,即為自己的代碼)**(算分)** ## 9/22 - [廣播網站](http://140.120.151.65:6080/vnc.html) - 密碼:六個空格(空白鍵) - PhotoShop Open Source:GIMP(點陣圖編輯器), Krita | | 微軟 | 開放 | | ------- | ------- | ------- | | 文字檔 | .docx | .odt | | 試算表 | .xlsx | .ods | | 簡報檔 | .pptx | .odp | - file format specification: 檔案格式規格書 - 開放檔案格式:檔案格式規格書是公布的 | | 點陣圖 | 向量圖 | | --- | ------- | ------- | | **格式** | png/jpg | svg/ai | | **常用** | photoshop | illustrator | | **自由** | gimp/krita | inkscape | - import 匯入, export 匯出 (寫匯入較難) - **Barrier of Exit** - Modular(模組化) - [計畫報廢](https://www.bing.com/search?q=%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB%E5%A0%B1%E5%BB%A2&qs=n&form=QBRE&sp=-1&lq=0&pq=%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB%E5%A0%B1%E5%BB%A2&sc=0-4&sk=&cvid=2CDFB482DBDA46A89CDCA6145E0ED3C6) - 相較於產品本身,介面與規格是否模組化更為重要 - 手機自主權 1. Android:root/IOS:jailbreak (越獄) 2. flashing ROM (刷機) -> 重灌作業系統 - 安全開機(Secure Boot) - ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HyorzBCieg.png) - BIOS/UEFI(燒在主機板上的韌體):開機時,最早取得控制權 - 韌體(Firewave):燒在硬體上的軟體 - Boot Loader:開機載入程式 - Partitions:分割區 - free software自由軟體創始人:Richard Stallman - 四大自由 1.使用 2.研究 3.散佈 4.修改 - Linus Torvalds(Linux Kernel作者) - 作業系統核心kernel - Distributions(發行版本) - 作業1:觀看影片下賊船的代價,並節錄影片中的一段話 - putty登入 - 7322 + 密碼 ## 10/13 - 個人網站:http://laputa.frdm.info/~+s學號/ - 在putty剪貼 - 複製:ctrl+c - 貼上:滑鼠點右鍵就能貼上(shift+insert也可以) - 檔案名稱總覽:ls - 快捷鍵相關 - 快速貼上:tab鍵 (**file name completion**) - 上鍵頭:能查看之前使用的指令 - 登入laputa後 - 更改個人網站內容(今日作業1) 1. 輸入 nano public_html/index.html 2. 自行修改文字 3. ctrl+o再按enter:存檔;ctrl+x:離開nano(若有提示是否要存檔請按y再按enter) 4. 回到個人網站(重整個人網站)後,即可看到更改內容 - 請chat gpt 幫忙下命令 - 正規表示式(Regular Expression/Regexp)->搜尋字串的方式 - [0-9],[a-z]:搜尋0~9 or a~z - \b:文數字的邊界 - ex: \b[A-Z][a-z][a-z]\b -> 抓取到所有月份簡寫(Jan~Dec) - /有特殊意義,若需要搜尋此字元,可以在前面加上'\' - ex: 29\/[A-Z][a-z][a-z]\b -> 抓取到某月29日 - '.':意義為所有字元 - '\d':[0-9] - '+'*n:前面的東西重複n次 - '\d{n}':[0-9]重複n次 - '\d{m,n}':[0-9]重複m到n次\ - ex1: \d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d{1,3} -> 抓取'數字.數字.數字.數字(1到3位數) 如 120.110.7.206 - ex2(ex1進階寫法): (\d+\.){3}\d{1,3} -> 抓取內容同ex1 - 作業2:用一句話告訴教授什麼是網路外部性 ## 10/20 - <font color="#f00">**下禮拜小考**</font> - 作業:節慾手機(填1、2點自己有做到的事情) - 隱私策略統整(適用於android用戶) - 刷機、Root - 輸入法最容易竊取資料 - f-driod市集:所有程式皆有提供原始碼 - 檢查/取消Apps的權限 - blokada:擋廣告及惡意程式 - 安裝至少兩個瀏覽器,**一個關掉Javascript** - 掃QR Code/條碼時不要自動連動任何App - 不要裝的apps:中國&沒有原始碼的apps、Meta的Apps(不要直接安裝在手機上) - 自由軟體(比免費跟好用更重要的事) - Richard Stallman GNU Project(革奴計畫) ![IMG_1067](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rJ6Yv7XAlx.jpg) - **public domain 公領域** - Lax permissive licensing(MIT, BSD) - **Copyleft**保護使用者而非創作者,以下皆屬Copyleft範疇 - General Public License(GPL):通用公共授權條款 - MPL, LGPL - **Sunlight is the best disinfectant(陽光是最好的消毒劑)~ 美國大法官Louis D. Brandeis** - 政府資料開放平台 - 創用CC(**Creative Commons**) - 哈佛大學法學教授 Lawrence Lessing - **Derivative work 衍生創作**:翻譯、改變作品形式等 - 分類![IMG_1069](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/r1vYe4QAxl.jpg) 1. Attribution(by) 2. No Derivative(nd) 3. Share Alike(sa) 4. Non-Commetcial(nc) - 常見組合![IMG_1068](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/r1yke4mAxl.jpg) ## 10/27 - 程式碼公開就不會有後門(陽光是最好的消毒劑) - 資料視覺化 - 常用,但不理想: pie chart 圓餅圖 - 呈現「隨時間變化的數值」: line chart 折線圖 - 同時呈現最多數值欄位: scatter plot 散點圖 bubble chart 汽泡圖 - **Linear Scale**: 等差級數畫刻度 - **Log Scale(對數標尺)**:當大部分的資料擠在很小的那一端就可使用(ex:調分用開根號乘以十) - 用等比級數畫刻度 - Our World in Data:公開資料集彙整 - **mal-information**(基於事實的誤導、惡意訊息) - **作業:注意力經濟(一句話寫心得)** ## 11/3 - rawgraphs 可繪製 electricity mix - **visual variables 視覺變數** (能引起視覺差別的圖形、色彩變化等因素) - Webauthn - t-sne - umap(+dimension) - Misleading Data Visualition - reality distortion field(Steve Jobs Pie Chart) - Cumulative Chart(Tim Cook) - **Herbert Simon**:消耗資訊接收者的注意力 - 物以稀為貴:注意力(稀) - 眼球經濟(注意力交易) - 作業:暗黑模式(看生活中有哪些暗黑模式,用一句話寫一個例子) ## 11/10 - 下禮拜小考 - 注意力經濟 - **Herbert Simon**:最早提出注意力經濟 - **Michael Goldhaber**:attention economy 網路的自然經濟 ### The Long Tail 長尾理論(**Chris Anderson** 提出) - 在網路時代,熱門程度低的長尾產品總類數量龐大(收益累積起來可以跟熱門產品匹敵) - 所有人都能參與創作 - 縱軸熱門程度、橫軸排名:長尾理論的縱軸最高點降低;橫軸最大值拉長 - 造成長尾理論的因素 - 供需管道暢通化 - 流通工具民主化 - 生產/創作工具民主化 - **Reputation Economy 信譽經濟** - Facebook - Walled Garden 花園高牆 - 密碼貨幣(區塊鏈投資)

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