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    --- tags: AINTUT --- # 期末專題構想書:行車路牌分辨 ## 隊伍資訊 隊名:北科牛逼隊 成員(學號、姓名): - 110340136 林泓豪 - 110332034 高暐智 - 110332045 蘇郁翔 ## 動機與目的 在台灣,路牌的名稱往往只是人們在考駕照時的一個過程,實際能認識的路牌也只有路上經常看到的那些,導致因一個不認識的路牌而犯了罪,該系統主要是幫助司機可以注意身邊的環境 例如車輛在限速路段可以提醒司機減速 甚至如果超速太多可以直接控制車輛速度 以致減少交通事故的發生率,這讓我們想到了可以利用老師所講的AI技術製作出,能辨識路牌的一個軟體。 本專題將發揮在課堂上的所學,藉由深度學習的技術,訓練出一個影像辨識的模型,可以辨識出道路上的路標。希望這次專題的成果,可以更有效的分辨路標,並應用在車用導航上面,在駕駛超速時可以透過提示音儀表號誌閃爍來提醒駕駛,防止意外發生。 ## 方法與步驟簡述 ### 資料來源 資料來自Computer Vision Laboratory (CVL)在其中Traffic Signs Dataset擁有 超過20000張圖片,其中有20%是已做識別 包含3488個交通標誌 許多城市與高速公路的記錄 以下為實際 ![](https://i.imgur.com/IWCuvZT.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/ncKm2bT.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/YSVSIIq.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/uZdhax8.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/whmKajZ.png) ### 模型與方法 預期使用深度學習對於影像辨識做常使用的架構:Graphical user interfaces(圖形用戶界面,簡稱 GUI )[^matlab_GUI]。GUI 的輸入為一張圖片(RGB 彩色圖),因圖像的矩是歸一化的灰度級圖像的二維隨機變量的概率密度,是一個統計學特徵。OpenCV中實現了這個矩的算子是Moments();其中分為零階矩M00、一階矩M10和M01、二階矩M20,M02和M11;其中當圖像為二值圖時,M00是圖像面積(白色區域)的總和,或者説連通域的面積;而這時M10和M01是圖像白色區域上x和y座標值的累計,所以圖像的的重心(Xc,Yc)可以由: Xc=M10/M00; Yc=M01/M00; 圖像的二階矩一般用來求圖像的方向。 以下為計算的數學公式: ![](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/37b98741ae5c46a593281760b41179d9~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-zoom-1.image) 由於資料集的數量有限,我們會使用 ImageNet[^ImageNet] 的預訓練模型來做 Transfer Learning[^transfer_learning]。如果時間允許,也會嘗試使用 Data Augmentation[^data_augmentation] 的技巧來增加訓練資料。 實做方面,我們將以 PyTorch[^PyTorch] 與 torchvision[^torchvision] 這兩個深度學習與影像辨識的套件為主,來實做上述的模型與方法。 ## 預期成果 預期結果:希望能夠將路牌辨識率達到80%以上,由於樣式十分多元,但有些路牌長的還是很像,希望藉由深度學習讓影像辨識成功率大幅提升。也希望未來人們對於每個告示牌(俗稱的路牌),靠著AI的幫忙辨別,能夠有一定的辨識能力,以防行車的路上受到不必要的災害。在政府與企業致力於 AI、IoT、自動化、數位轉型的趨勢下,環境議題如何與這個趨勢結合是相當重要的,期望本專題能成為其中一個重要的成果。 ## 參考資料 [交通辨別]:[利用pytorch實現交通號誌] (https://blog.csdn.net/ZOUZHEN_ID/article/details/83958772) [台灣博碩士論文](https://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/logino=dnclcdr&s=id=%22108NKUS0392009%22.&searchmode=basic) [臉部辨識](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1aKqOW6OXphE3xNwZK7bfNnxiN5xly87v?usp=sharing#scrollTo=Ood7XIg2ViHT) [交通標誌辨別](https://www.gushiciku.cn/pl/aU0l/zh-hk) [matlab_GUI](https://ww2.mathworks.cn/discovery/matlab-gui.html) [人工智慧之交通事件影像偵測器](https://%E7%81%AB%E9%BE%8D%E6%9E%9C/Desktop/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F%E5%81%B5%E6%B8%AC%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E5%9F%9F%E9%A9%97%E8%AD%89.pdf) [^ImageNet]: [ImageNet](http://www.image-net.org/) [^transfer_learning]: [Transfer learning from pre-trained models](https://towardsdatascience.com/transfer-learning-from-pre-trained-models-f2393f124751) [^data_augmentation]: [Data Augmentation | How to use Deep Learning when you have Limited Data — Part 2](https://nanonets.com/blog/data-augmentation-how-to-use-deep-learning-when-you-have-limited-data-part-2/) [^PyTorch]: [PyTorch](https://pytorch.org/) [^torchvision]: [torchvision](https://pytorch.org/vision/stable/index.html)

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