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    # 你可以賺多少錢? - 書面報告 - 組員:侯宜廷、孔亭諭、王佑淳、黃力行 - Code:陳政博 ## 目標 希望通過 2022 年家庭收入調查數據,用回歸方法分析收入與其他因素的關係,來預測收入。 ## 分析結果 ### 學歷 | | value | p_value | |:----------------------------|-----------:|----------:| | 教育程度_碩士 | 0.0979532 | 0.499 | | 教育程度_博士 | 0.0777155 | 0.618666 | | 教育程度_大學或獨立學院 | -0.0381407 | 0.791103 | | 教育程度_科技大學或技術學院 | -0.0881666 | 0.540225 | 此表為各教育程度與收入的相關係數。可以看出碩士學歷的人收入較高,儘管4個學歷的 p-value 皆大於 0.05,但碩士學歷的 p-value 仍是最小的,因此在學歷中,可以認為碩士學歷的人收入較高。 根據這個結果,對於大學生來說,最好的選擇就是繼續升學,只要能夠考上碩士,增加收入的機會就會大大提高。 ### 工作縣市 | | value | p_value | |:----------------|------------:|----------:| | 工作縣市_臺北市 | 0.0720504 | 0.0764334 | | 工作縣市_新竹市 | 0.0618035 | 0.214999 | | 工作縣市_新竹縣 | 0.0537744 | 0.276379 | | 工作縣市_桃園市 | 0.0455644 | 0.286064 | | 工作縣市_新北市 | 0.0454378 | 0.264166 | 此表為各縣市與收入的相關係數。可以看出臺北市的人收入較高,且相較其他城市,臺北市的 p-value 也最接近 0.05,也就是說台北高薪工作的機會較高。 ### 公司規模 | | value | p_value | |:-----------------|----------:|------------:| | 員工數_500人以上 | 0.235246 | 1.46285e-14 | | 員工數_200-499人 | 0.179515 | 8.55573e-08 | | 員工數_50-99人 | 0.173562 | 3.08469e-07 | | 員工數_30-49人 | 0.152232 | 2.35686e-05 | | 員工數_100-199人 | 0.146849 | 1.70374e-05 | | 員工數_10-29人 | 0.108749 | 0.00020892 | 此表為各公司規模與收入的相關係數。在我們的數據集中,無法直接得知公司的規模,比如應收,是否上市等等,因此只能從員工數來推測公司的規模。可以看出員工數越多,收入越高,並且 p-value 也都小於 0.05。 因此,大公司所提供的薪水較高。但透過`員工數`和`學歷`的卡方檢定,得到以下結果: > Chi-square value: 708.083834937119 > P-value: 4.966994136522497e-94 P 值非常接近 0,這代表大公司更願意聘請高學歷的人。所以,為了能夠進入大公司,我們也應該繼續升學。 ### 年齡 ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ByN73_U_T.png) 透過回歸得到的係數繪製成圖表,可以看出最初年齡與收入呈現正相關,並且在 35 歲左右達到最高點,之後開始下降。這也符合一般的認知,年齡越大,工作經驗越豐富,收入也會越高,但是隨著年齡增長,身體狀況也會逐漸下降,因此收入也會下降。 ### 工作是否發揮學校所學 | | value | p_value | |:-----------------------|----------:|-----------:| | 工作是否發揮學校所學_4 | 0.0504113 | 0.00851898 | | 工作是否發揮學校所學_5 | 0.0501667 | 0.0153036 | | 工作是否發揮學校所學_2 | 0.0159148 | 0.371572 | | 工作是否發揮學校所學_3 | 0.0147486 | 0.394637 | 這個問題的選項為 1-5,1 表示完全不同意,5 表示完全同意。由此表可以看出,工作是否發揮學校所學與收入基本呈正相關。因為工作與學校所學不同,代表專業程度也沒有那麼高,因此收入也會較低。 ## 結論 ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/r1qi8Mu_6.png) ## 改進 1. 對於學歷部分,我們還可以細化為各個科系,以此來分析各個科系的收入情況。甚至可能的話,我們還可以分析各個學校的畢業生收入情況。 2. 其他的一些因素,比如地區,行業,職業等,可能存在一些相關性。比如新竹更多的是科技公司,因此收入可能會較高。或許能有某種方法,可以排除這些因素的影響,從而得到更準確的結果。 3. 如果我們能獲得各個地區的物價,房價等數據,我們也許可以進一步分析每個地區的生活水平。比如臺北的收入較高,但是物價也較高,因此生活水平可能並不比其他地區高。

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