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    # 該這樣用過氧乙酸 該這樣用過氧乙酸 http://www.people.com.cn/BIG5/other4789/20030422/977753.html 軍事醫學科學院六所 湯立合 孫宇 解放軍總醫院 申琳   自從非典型肺炎在我國部份地區出現以來,過氧乙酸成為搶手消毒劑。一些辦公、娛樂、購物等場所及家庭居室都在使用這種消毒劑消毒,有的放在小碗里做空氣熏蒸,有的用它擦拭物品,人們同時可以聞到一種帶有刺激性的酸性氣味。 那么,究竟應當怎樣安全正確地使用過氧乙酸?我們特邀有關專家撰文予以指點。 過氧乙酸是一種普遍應用的、殺菌能力較強的高效消毒劑,具有強氧化作用,可以迅速殺滅各種微生物,包括病毒、細菌、真菌及芽孢。 過氧乙酸溶液容易揮發、分解,其分解產物是醋酸、水和氧,因此用過氧乙酸消毒液浸泡物品,不會留下任何有害物質。用過氧乙酸氣體熏蒸消毒后,通風半小時,空氣中的過氧乙酸就几乎全部分解、消散了,人們進入消毒后的房間不會受到傷害。因此,過氧乙酸可廣泛應用于各種器具、空氣、環境消毒和預防消毒。下面介紹几種正確的、常用的消毒方法: 浸泡:通常紡織品用濃度為0.04%的溶液浸泡2小時﹔餐具洗淨后用0.5%的溶液浸泡30~60分鐘﹔體溫計用0.5%溶液浸泡15~30分鐘﹔病人排泄物容器(便器、痰盂)用0.5%的溶液浸泡5小時﹔蔬菜、水果洗淨后用0.2%的溶液浸泡10分鐘。 擦拭:可用于消毒皮膚與污染的物品表面。將原液稀釋成0.2%的溶液擦洗雙手l~2分鐘,再用清水洗淨﹔如對物體表面進行消毒,可用濃度為0.2%~1%的過氧乙酸稀溶液,擦抹后保持30分鐘,即能達到殺菌目的。 噴霧及熏蒸:將原液稀釋至0.2%~0.4%,關閉門窗,采用噴霧或加熱熏蒸消毒方法,使其較長時間懸浮于空氣當中,對空氣中的病原微生物起到殺滅作用。此方法也適用于服裝與大件物品表面的消毒。熏蒸時,常用濃度為1克/立方米。噴霧或熏蒸后密閉20~30分鐘即可達到消毒目的,然后開窗通風15分鐘后方可進入,以減少過氧乙酸給人體帶來的刺激及不適感。 注意事項: 由于原液為強氧化劑,具有較強的腐蝕性,因此不可直接用手接觸,配制溶液時應佩戴橡膠手套,防止藥液濺到皮膚上。 對金屬有腐蝕性,不可用于金屬器械的消毒。 在做氣溶膠噴霧時,操作者應佩戴防護面罩,也可采用口罩、帽子及游泳鏡替代,不可直接對人噴洒。 如藥液不慎濺入眼中或皮膚上,應立即用大量清水沖洗。 原液貯存放置可以分解,故應注意有效期。原液應貯存于塑料桶內,在陰暗處保存,并遠離可燃性物質。其稀釋液更易分解,宜隨配隨用。

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