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# 武漢肺炎(Covid-19)接觸史 App 發想 ## 緣起 如果更大規模的武漢肺炎(Covid-19)爆發,需要更有效的接觸史系統,僅讓真正需要被隔離的人,知道有被感染風險。 ## 文件 版權: CC0 文件狀態:目前只是草稿,大家隨意修改與補充,或許之後召開線上會議確認相關事宜 ## 討論園地 g0v slack : #covid19 頻道 ## 推進想法 * 討論基本概念與設計的大概 * 多少了解相關類似系統的實作概念與狀態 * 公開社群論述與討論 * 有需要可以開線上會議 * 社群實作(有夥伴已經願意) * 讓政府夥伴了解相關事宜 * 可能有誰參加[總統盃黑客松](https://presidential-hackathon.taiwan.gov.tw/)會是現行最有效的宣傳方式 ## 需求 * 需注意隱私權 * 只有使用者按下上傳,資料才會上傳 * 上傳內容與釋出範圍由民眾決定 * 當有接觸確診者時,可以被通知 * 當自己是確診者時,可以自願上傳非個人識別的資訊,讓可能的接觸者收到通知 > 我對這個有疑慮,有心人可以散佈假資訊來打擊公眾,甚至讓公眾覺得這個警告不準。我認為由政府或是有公證力的單位發佈比較好。 [name=Yung-Chieh Lo] * 建議為開源軟體,讓大家檢驗 * 有效意願讓民眾會想安裝 ## 規格 ### 系統規格 * 感測精度要求 x cm * 多久測量一次? * 多久下載一次確診資料? ### 隱私相關規格 * 為了降低隱私疑慮,不紀錄 GPS? * 還是本地紀錄 GPS 但不上傳? * 還是 GPS 資訊由使用者自己開啟 google 時間軸? > 時間軸沒有 API,需要使用者手動下載,UX 太差了。[name=Yung-Chieh Lo] > 我覺得要提取地點的機會很少(遭確診後被疫調時),就讓大家自己紀錄吧。我自己是相信 Google Timeline,但有人可能覺得自己用紙筆紀錄比較安心。 用藍牙紀錄 contact 不需要知道地點,只要知道什麼時間跟誰很近就好。 [name=Johnson Liang] ## 技術與限制 * [iOS藍芽/WiFi無法在背景廣播](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/corelocation/turning_an_ios_device_into_an_ibeacon_device) > OpenTrace 的作法是要使用者開著 app 但自製省電模式,在某些手機姿勢下關閉螢幕,見新加坡 [BlueTrace protocol 白皮書](https://bluetrace.io/static/bluetrace_whitepaper-938063656596c104632def383eb33b3c.pdf) p7[name=Johnson Liang] > 也可以考慮單純在背景監聽,然後透過網路把對應資訊上傳到伺服器指定給對方接收,伺服器上記錄個別帳號的公鑰後透過公私鑰加解密即可確保傳輸時的資料安全[name=kiang] > 在 [Apple](https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/04/apple-and-google-partner-on-covid-19-contact-tracing-technology/) 與 [Google](https://blog.google/inside-google/company-announcements/apple-and-google-partner-covid-19-contact-tracing-technology) 攜手合作後,這個問題應該會獲得解決[name=kiang] * 使用 FB / Google 的軌跡資料需要 user 手動操作 > app 自己紀錄經緯度就好了,不需要用到 fb/google 資料。我們正在進行當中。 https://github.com/yjlou/2019-nCov/tree/flutter-app-2[name=Yung-Chieh Lo] > > The GPS locations are encrypted and saved locally. Users need to click a button on the screen to export it (export in plain text, and optionally share with other Apps). [name=stimim] > > 其實 http://safepaths.mit.edu/ 就可以做到 gps 軌跡記錄,他們也在嘗試加入藍牙記錄部份[name=kiang] ## 設計 * 何謂高風險者 * 有跟確診者接觸 x 分鐘 * ... ## 研究 * 新加坡 [BlueTrace 白皮書](https://bluetrace.io/static/bluetrace_whitepaper-938063656596c104632def383eb33b3c.pdf) 內容有: - 防第三方追蹤之 Temp ID 設計 - 手機 P2P 藍芽 handshake protocol - Design considerations: Bluetooth vs GPS、contact tracing 要中心化還去中心化、判斷接觸者要全自動還是人工 - 技術上的挑戰:iOS 背景無法掃描藍芽、不同機器 bluetooth 信號強度不同要如何測距 - 跨實作之資料 interoperatbility * [DP-3T 白皮書](https://github.com/DP-3T/documents) * 請確診者提供自己的接觸記錄,結合醫院的 passcode 後公開發佈,其他人手中的程式則是自動下載已經發佈的資料進行比對,一旦有接觸記錄存在系統會產生警示,然後使用者可以自行進行隔離工作 * [用漫畫說明這個協定](https://www.patreon.com/posts/protecting-lives-35861535) * [TCN Protocol](https://github.com/TCNCoalition/TCN) * Temporary Contact Numbers * [Ernest的筆記](https://www.ernestchiang.com/zh/posts/2020/2020-04-11-covid-19-contact-tracing-technology/) ## 問題 * 如何讓民眾想安裝這個 App? * 隱私權保障疑慮? * 公開設計與原始碼,在架構上讓民眾可以接受 ## 參考 * [台灣人工智慧實驗室雛型](https://www.facebook.com/PTT.TU/posts/10157528536801137) * [公開網頁說明](https://covirus.cc/social-distancing-app-intro.html) * [新加坡政府所開發的 TraceToghther](https://www.tracetogether.gov.sg/) * [白皮書](https://bluetrace.io/) * [開放原始碼專案](https://github.com/opentrace-community/) * [新加坡政府關於開放原始碼的 6 點提醒](https://www.tech.gov.sg/media/technews/six-things-about-opentrace) * [g0v slack討論程式碼記錄 - covid19](https://g0v-tw.slack.com/archives/CTMK5QPA8/p1586465219134400) * [g0v 後勤中心討論](https://www.facebook.com/groups/g0v.general/2824320294311025/) * [美國 MIT Private Kit](http://safepaths.mit.edu/) * [將在接下來版本加入藍牙為基礎的追蹤記錄](https://venturebeat.com/2020/04/08/mit-announces-bluetooth-breakthrough-in-coronavirus-tracing-app-for-android-and-ios/) * [德國為"新冠App"熱身](https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=148944189867909) * 裡面提到, app 的佔有率估計要涵蓋 60% 的民眾才有辦法發揮效果,因此普及率會是一個最大挑戰 * [英國 NHS 攜手 Oxford 開發接觸追蹤應用](https://tech.newstatesman.com/security/nhs-covid-19-contact-tracing-app-rollout) * [iran](https://www.mask.ir/) * [法國 Pan-European Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing (PEPP-PT) ](https://www.pepp-pt.org/) * [中國健康碼](https://www.thenewslens.com/article/133327) * [China launches coronavirus 'close contact detector' app](https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-51439401) * Google/App 合作 * [Apple and Google partner on COVID-19 contact tracing technology](https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/04/apple-and-google-partner-on-covid-19-contact-tracing-technology/) * [Apple, Google Bring Covid-19 Contact-Tracing to 3 Billion People](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-10/apple-google-bring-covid-19-contact-tracing-to-3-billion-people)

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