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# PUMFs

**Public Use Microdata Files**

Mathew Vis-Dunbar | [e-mail]

ECON 225 | 2022-03-08

---

## Statistics Canada Products

Note:

* [Landing page](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data)

----

## Summaries

* **Tables** summaries, subset of variables
* **Profiles** geographic region
* **Maps** Interactive visuals

<span class = "hyperlink">https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data</span>

Note:

Numbers have been crunched for you. The information is readily digestible and easily re-communicated. They usually allow some filtering. Great for a quick reference, or for other quick summations, like changes over time.

They link you to the survey tool that was used, which is great for further inquiry.

Examples:

* [Youth admissions to correctional services, by Indigenous identity and sex](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510000701)
* [Average counts of young persons in provincial and territorial correctional services](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510000301)

----

## Microdata

> The microdata used by CRDCN researchers come primarily from Statistics Canada Survey Master files.
>
> Increasingly, the Research Data Centres (RDCs) are repositories of administrative records from a variety of sources including tax, employment insurance, social assistance, and hospitalization records.

Note:

It would be nice to have something in between these two to facilitate ease of access to data allowing for unique analyses with more granular access.

* [https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/data-centres/data](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/data-centres/data)
* [https://crdcn.ca/publications-data/data/](https://crdcn.ca/publications-data/data/)

----

## Microdata

* Extremely granular, risk of identifying individuals or individual businesses.
* Highly restricted access.

<span class = "hyperlink">[https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/data-centres/data](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/data-centres/data)</span>

Note:

It would be nice to have something in between these two to facilitate ease of access to data allowing for unique analyses with more granular access.

* [https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/data-centres/data](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/data-centres/data)
* [https://crdcn.ca/publications-data/data/](https://crdcn.ca/publications-data/data/)

----

## PUMFs

> Public use microdata files contain anonymized, non-aggregated data.

Note:

* [https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data?MM=1#publicusemicrodata](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data?MM=1#publicusemicrodata)

----

## PUMFs

* Meticulously cleaned up to help prevent identification of participants.
* May be a subset.
* May be a sample.

Note:

* [https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data?MM=1#publicusemicrodata](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data?MM=1#publicusemicrodata)

----

## Labour Force Survey

> The Labour Force Survey provides estimates of employment and unemployment ... [T]he LFS estimates are the first of the major monthly economic data series to be released.

> This [PUMF] contains non-aggregated data ... for users who prefer to do their own analysis by focusing on specific subgroups in the population or by cross-classifying variables that are not in our catalogued products.

<span class = "hyperlink">[LFS Microdata](https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&SDDS=3701) | [LFS PUMF](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/71M0001X)</span>

Note:

* [LFS Microdata](https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&SDDS=3701)
* [LFS PUMF](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/71M0001X)

----

### 2016 Census

> This Hierarchical File, 2016 Census Public Use Microdata File (PUMF) product provides access to non-aggregated data covering a sample of 1% of the Canadian households ...
>
> This comprehensive file is excellent tool for policy analysts, pollsters, social researchers...

<span class = "hyperlink">[2016 Census PUMF](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/98M0002X)</span>

Note:

* [2016 Census PUMF](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/98M0002X)

---

## Working with PUMFs

----

## Releases

* PUMFs are expensive to create and take time.
* When will 2021 Census PUMFs be released???
* Some are released regularly (LFS).
* Some are one offs or only produced irregularly.

----

### Licencing

> Statistics Canada Open Licence governs the use of PUMFs.

<span class = "hyperlink">[Statistics Canada Open Licence](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence)</span>

Note:

* [Statistics Canada Open Licence](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence)
* It basically allows you to do as you want, so long as you give credit.

----

### Documentation

* PUMFs will have stand alone documentation.
* Usually in a readme and meta file with a dictionary.
* PUMF records will be connected with:
* The source survey.
* Related products (surveys, summaries, analyses etc).
* The survey documentation will go into greater detail.

<span class = "hyperlink">[LSF PUMF](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/71M0001X) | [LFS survey](https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&Id=1503965)</span>

Note:

* [LSF PUMF](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/71M0001X)
* [LFS survey](https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&Id=1503965)

---

## Accessing PUMFs

Two portals

----

## Statistics Cananda

* Easy to navigate, filter and follow connections.
* Not all downloads are available, esp historical
* Downloads are sometimes broken up
* [Data Landing Page](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/data)
* [Statistical Program](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/type/surveys)

Note:

* The Data landing page omits census data when filtering
* The Statisical Program page requires knowing that a PUMF exists.

----

## Abacus

> The Data Liberation Initiative (DLI) is a partnership between post-secondary institutions and Statistics Canada with the goal of improving access to data resources.

<span class = "hyperlink">[DLI information](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/dli)</span>

Note:

* [DLI information](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/dli)

----

## Abacus

* [UBC's portal for acquired data](https://resources.library.ubc.ca/page.php?details=abacus-data-repository&id=1114)
* Full access to all PUMFs current and historical
* Not the easiest platform to navigate

Note:

* [DLI information](https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/microdata/dli)

---

## Finding Data Generally

----

## General Approaches

* Who's responsible for
* generating
* collecting
* aggregating
* disseminating

Note:

* Simply because it's generated doesn't mean it's clean or accessible

----

## Deaths at the Hands of Police

<span class = "hyperlink">[CBC Deadly Force Database](https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/features/2020/fatalpoliceencounters/) (2000 - 2020)</span>

<span class = "hyperlink">[Tracking (In)Justice](https://trackinginjustice.ca/) (2000 - Present)</span>

----

## Tracking (In)Justice

> The CBC data has been critiqued for lacking a transparent methodology. Additionally, policing scholars have noted that while certain practices in the collection of data by the CBC data meet journalistic standards, they may not meet scholarly research standards.

----

## Lunaris & FRDR

> FRDR provides powerful functionality to search for Canadian research data. This federated search tool aggregates metadata from numerous repositories, including datasets deposited in FRDR’s repository platform.

----

## Lunaris & FRDR

* Lunaris is the discovery layer
* FRDR is the database
* [Repository list](https://www.frdr-dfdr.ca/discover/html/repository-list.html?lang=en)

----

## Other Sources

* Organizations
* Municipal
* Provincial
* Federal
* International
* UN Oragnizations (WHO)
* OECD
* For fun: https://www.data-is-plural.com/