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    # 2023-08-17 討論 :::info :information_source: 請在此提出欲討論的素材 ::: 測驗作答到 20:55 => https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2023-summer-quiz2 ## You * 第一次作業的答案會公布嗎? 想知道自己答的怎麼樣。 * 想請問作業二關於pi-mutex的內容, 有閱讀linux關於pi futex的解說 不過還是不理解pi-futex如何知道目前誰是lock owner 然後跟嘗試上鎖的thread比較priority高低? 可以詳細說明它的演算法或者怎麼做到的嗎? lockdep, https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/next/locking/index.html PIP, PCP * 請問老師能否說明一下作業二MUTEX_SLEEPING設計的用意是什麼?追蹤完程式碼沒有理解MUTEX_SLEEPING設定的目的,進一步嘗試把MUTEX_SLEEPING拿掉 (只用MUTEX_LOCK等待跟判斷) 也可以正確執行。有找同學討論過,不過還是想藉作業討論時間聽老師說明一下 * 對於 [並行程式設計: 執行順序](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/concurrency-ordering#Happens-before) happens-before 的舉例有疑慮:文中以 C 語言片段舉例 A happens-before B ```c int A = 0, B = 0; void foo() { A = B + 1; // (1) B = 1; // (2) } int main() { foo(); } ``` 但是這邊 assign to A 跟 assign to B 沒有 happens-before 關係,他們為 concurrent 關係 (neither A $hb$ B nor B $hb$ A),如下圖說明。有 happens before 關係的是兩條分支上的任兩事件,不同分支上的事件關係為 concurrent,其完成順序可交換,不用有次序 ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ryb3gcjh3.png) * 欲討論 quiz 0 [測驗 β](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2023-summer-quiz0#%E6%B8%AC%E9%A9%97-beta) 中 `mask` 的用法。當 alignment 為非二的冪的數值時,為什麼只能用除以 `alignment` 的方式,而無法用與 `~mask` 做 AND bitwise operation 來遮蔽餘數;我的[說明](https://hackmd.io/0pVNZEoBR2OU3-5FL-8kCQ?both#%E8%80%8C%E7%95%B6-alignment-%E7%82%BA%E9%9D%9E%E4%BA%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%86%AA%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B8%E5%80%BC%E6%99%82)如下: alignment 跟 mask 的最高有效位元 (MSB ) 皆為 1,若帶入上述程式碼,會將欲保留的 alignment 的 MSB 給遮蔽掉;如以下 alignment = 3 的例子, alignment 的 MSB 用 ‘*’ 來標記: ``` alignment = 3 = 4'b0011 mask = 2 = 4'b0010 ~mask = 4'b1101 * (121 + 2) & ~mask = 7'b1111011 & 7'b1111101 ------------ 7'b1111001 * (122 + 2) & ~mask = 7'b1111100 & 7'b1111101 ------------ 7'b1111000 ``` 故對此 case, 題目的範例程式利用除法得到商後,直接計算對應的 alignment 的位置;而非用遮蔽餘數的方式。 * 想問 Futex_Wait_Requeue_PI 是不是要呼叫 Futex_CMP_Requeue_PI 來做 requeue? * 台灣有老師所謂的 "Internet Company" 嗎 * 這次可以公佈答案嗎,完全猜不出來 * 在討論區有提問,不過從老師的回答還是不太知道該怎麼開始,要怎麼從"Linux 核心內附的文件"去了解runc, containerd/WSL2甚至進一步到k3s or k8s的運作原理? <s>目前是打算從[這篇文章](https://blog.lizzie.io/linux-containers-in-500-loc.html)開始</s> * 所以說像作業二要實作PI mutex有什麼做法上的提示嗎?除了了解lockdep之外, 本來想透過重新寫API讓mutex知道誰目前擁有它, 誰嘗試擁有它並且比較priority, 不過這樣的方向好像是錯誤的, 了解lockdep機制就能知道它怎麼做到priority boosting等等嗎? * 想請問老師怎麼看 Linux kernel 說引入 rust 是為了 memory-safety,但使用上卻一堆 **unsafe** 這樣是不是「跟風、舉燭」 > [linux/rust/alloc/alloc.rs](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/6aeadf7896bff4ca230702daba8788455e6b866e/rust/alloc/alloc.rs#L97) > [unsafe中文](https://rust-lang.tw/book-tw/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html) * 為什麼可以知道 *EMPTY 和 *ABORT 是不會被用到的 address? MPMC ==> SPSC SP <---> SC web server(工作模式) web client web client MP <---> MC (dmesg) [ringbuffer] (fixed) lock 才能保證 order of messages

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