Tsung-Jung Tsai (TJ_Tsai)
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    [資源管理] Slurm QoS / freeze & unfreeze === ###### tags: `Slurm / 資源管理` ###### tags: `Slurm`, `HPC`, `Linux`, `Slinky`, `SlinkyProject`, `Account`, `Accounting`, `SlurmDBD`, `QoS`, `frozen` <br> [TOC] <br> ## freeze & unfreeze config ```yaml= sync: frozen_handling: # Enable frozen-state handling during synchronization. enabled: true # Name of the dedicated QOS for frozen associations. frozen_qos_name: frozen # Definition of the frozen QOS. frozen_qos_config: # Allow zero running jobs in aggregate for this QOS. grp_jobs: 0 # Allow zero pending or running jobs in aggregate for this QOS. grp_submit: 0 # Keep the QOS priority neutral. priority: 0 # Reject jobs immediately at submission time when QOS limits # are violated; without this flag, jobs may be accepted first # and then remain stuck in pending state. # flags: DenyOnLimit # for QOS Max/Min limits # Automatically create the frozen QOS if missing. auto_create_frozen_qos: true # Parameters applied when the target is frozen. frozen_params: # Set "frozen" as the default QOS. default_qos: frozen # Allow only the "frozen" QOS. qos: frozen # Parameters applied when the target is unfrozen. unfrozen_params: # Restore the normal default QOS. default_qos: normal # Restore the inherited QOS list. qos: "" # Usages for frozen_handling: # # 1. Create frozen QOS. # sacctmgr -i add qos frozen set \ # GrpJobs=0 \ # GrpSubmit=0 \ # Priority=0 \ # Flags=DenyOnLimit # # 2. Update frozen QOS if it already exists. # sacctmgr -i modify qos frozen set \ # GrpJobs=0 \ # GrpSubmit=0 \ # Priority=0 \ # Flags=DenyOnLimit # # 3. Freeze a user association. # sacctmgr -i modify user where name=<USER> account=<ACCOUNT> set \ # DefaultQOS=frozen \ # QosLevel=frozen # # 4. Unfreeze a user association. # sacctmgr -i modify user where name=<USER> account=<ACCOUNT> set \ # DefaultQOS=-1 \ # QosLevel='' # # 5. Freeze an account association. # sacctmgr -i modify account where name=<ACCOUNT> set \ # DefaultQOS=frozen \ # QosLevel=frozen # # 6. Unfreeze an account association. # sacctmgr -i modify account where name=<ACCOUNT> set \ # DefaultQOS=-1 \ # QosLevel='' ``` ### 陷阱 - ### 0. 正確的認知: - `QosLevel=''` -> `Qos=''` -> 參考 parent 的設定 - `DefaultQOS=-1` -> 參考 parent 的設定 - ### 1. 當前狀態 ``` root@slurm-login-slinky-599d7fc57b-d9kd2:/tmp# sacctmgr show account science --as Account Descr Org Cluster ParentName User Share Priority GrpJobs GrpNodes GrpCPUs GrpMem GrpSubmit GrpWall GrpCPUMins MaxJobs MaxNodes MaxCPUs MaxSubmit MaxWall MaxCPUMins QOS Def QOS ---------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------- -------- -------- ------- --------- ----------- ----------- ------- -------- -------- --------- ----------- ----------- -------------------- --------- science science science slurm_slu+ root 1 normal science science science slurm_slu+ cehmistry 1 normal science science science slurm_slu+ chemistry 1 normal science science science slurm_slu+ physics 1 normal root@slurm-login-slinky-599d7fc57b-d9kd2:/tmp# sacctmgr show user where defaultaccount=science --as User Def Acct Admin Cluster Account Partition Share Priority MaxJobs MaxNodes MaxCPUs MaxSubmit MaxWall MaxCPUMins QOS Def QOS ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------- -------- -------- --------- ----------- ----------- -------------------- --------- cehmistry science None slurm_slu+ science 1 normal chemistry science None slurm_slu+ science 1 normal physics science None slurm_slu+ science 1 normal ``` - ### 2. 操作步驟 ``` # freeze sacctmgr -i modify user \ where name=chemistry account=science set \ DefaultQOS=frozen \ QosLevel=frozen # view sacctmgr show account science --as sacctmgr show user where defaultaccount=science --as # unfreeze sacctmgr -i modify user \ where name=chemistry account=science set \ DefaultQOS=normal \ QosLevel='' sacctmgr: error:  These associations don't have access to their default qos. Please give them access before they the default can be set to this. DefQOS = normal     C = slurm_slurm A = science              U = chemistry Modified account associations... Error with request: This request would make it so some associations would not have access to their default qos. ``` - ### 正確 unfreeze user 的操作 ``` # unfreeze sacctmgr -i modify user \ where name=chemistry account=science set \ DefaultQOS=-1 \ QosLevel='' ``` - `DefaultQOS=normal` 改成 `DefaultQOS=-1` - ### `us.anthropic.claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929-v1:0` (2026/03/11) 根據程式碼分析和官方文件,我找到了答案: ### 問題原因 從 `src/sacctmgr/association_functions.c:236-254` 的程式碼可以看到: ```c if (atoi(value) == -1) assoc->def_qos_id = -1; else assoc->def_qos_id = str_2_slurmdb_qos(g_qos_list, value); if (assoc->def_qos_id == NO_VAL) { fprintf(stderr, "You gave a bad default qos '%s'. " "Use 'list qos' to get complete list.\n", value); exit_code = 1; } ``` 當你使用空字串 `''` 時: 1. `atoi('')` 回傳 `0` (不是 `-1`) 2. 程式嘗試在 QOS 列表中查找名為空字串的 QOS 3. 找不到,回傳 `NO_VAL`,觸發錯誤訊息 ### 解決方法 **使用 `-1` 而不是空字串來清除 DefaultQos**: ```bash sacctmgr modify user chemistry set DefaultQos=-1 ``` 這在 `sacctmgr` 的 man page 中有明確說明(doc/man/man1/sacctmgr.1:381): > **DefaultQOS**=<default_qos> > > To clear an existing value, set a new value of **-1**. 執行後,chemistry 使用者的 DefaultQos 就會被清除,變成 empty (繼承父層或無預設值)。 <br> ## Troubleshooting ### 如何讓 association 在顯示時,不要參考 parent ? - ### 解法:使用 WOPLimits ``` sacctmgr show assoc WOPLimits format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel ``` - ### [WOPLimits](https://slurm.schedmd.com/sacctmgr.html#OPT_WOPLimits) Display information without hierarchical parent limits (i.e. will only display limits where they are set instead of propagating them from the parent). - **WOPLimits**: Without Parent Limits - ### WOPLimits 的作用是: **不要把上層繼承下來的 limits / QOS 展開後一起顯示,只顯示「這一層自己有設定的東西」**。 可以把它理解成: - **不加 `WOPLimits`** 看到的是「**最後算完、含繼承後**」的結果。 - **加 `WOPLimits`** 看到的是「**這一層原始到底設了什麼**」,不把 parent 傳下來的值攤開。 - ### 什麼情況適合加 `WOPLimits` 當你想查: * 這個 user/account 的 QOS 是**自己設的**,還是**上層繼承的** * 為什麼某個 association 看起來有某個 QOS * 哪一層把某個 QOS `+` 加進來,或 `-` 排除掉 - ### 效果 - ### account associations ``` $ sacctmgr show assoc account=science format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science frozen slurm_slu+ science chemistry frozen slurm_slu+ science physics frozen $ sacctmgr show assoc account=science WOPLimits format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science frozen slurm_slu+ science chemistry slurm_slu+ science physics ``` - ### account-user associations ``` $ sacctmgr show assoc account=science user=chemistry format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science chemistry frozen $ sacctmgr show assoc account=science user=chemistry WOPLimits format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science chemistry ``` - ### account-level ``` $ sacctmgr show account science --as user='' format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science frozen $ sacctmgr show account science --as user='' WOPLimits format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science frozen $ sacctmgr show assoc account=science user='' format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science frozen $ sacctmgr show assoc account=science user='' WOPLimits format=cluster,account,user,qoslevel Cluster Account User QOS ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- slurm_slu+ science frozen ``` <br> --- ## 討論 ### 如何正確比對 QOS 和 DefaultQOS? - ### Question ```python= def is_account_frozen(self, account_name: str) -> bool: """ Check if an account is frozen Args: account_name: Account name Returns: True if account is frozen """ if not self.frozen_enabled: return False try: output = self._run_command([ 'show', 'account', account_name, f'cluster={self.cluster_name}', '-P', '--associations', 'format=Account,QOS,DefaultQOS' ]) lines = output.strip().split('\n') if len(lines) > 1 and lines[1].strip(): parts = lines[1].split('|') if len(parts) >= 3: qos = parts[1] default_qos = parts[2] # Check if QoS or DefaultQOS contains frozen QoS name return ( self.frozen_qos_name in qos or self.frozen_qos_name in default_qos ) return False except subprocess.CalledProcessError: return False ``` 請根據 codebase,指出 QoS 哪裡的判斷有問題? - ### `us.anthropic.claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929-v1:0` (2026/03/23) 完美!我找到答案了。讓我查看 Slurm 源代碼中 `sacctmgr_print_default_qos` 的實作,這是處理 DefaultQOS 輸出的關鍵函數。 根據 `/tmp/mycodeagent/slurm-v25.11.4-20260320-1774247128950/src/sacctmgr/association_functions.c` 第 536-551 行: ```c extern void sacctmgr_print_default_qos(uint32_t def_qos_id, print_field_t *field, bool last) { char *tmp_char = NULL, *print_acct = NULL; if (!g_qos_list) g_qos_list = slurmdb_qos_get(db_conn, NULL); if (def_qos_id != NO_VAL) { tmp_char = slurmdb_qos_str(g_qos_list, def_qos_id); // ← 單一 QoS 名稱 if (!tmp_char) tmp_char = print_acct = xstrdup_printf("UNKN-%u", def_qos_id); } else tmp_char = print_acct = xstrdup(""); ``` 同時對比 `QOS` 欄位的處理(第 741-748 行): ```c case PRINT_QOS: if (!g_qos_list) g_qos_list = slurmdb_qos_get(db_conn, NULL); tmp_char = get_qos_complete_str(g_qos_list, assoc->qos_list); // ← QoS 列表 field->print_routine(field, tmp_char, last); xfree(tmp_char); break; ``` 根據 Slurm 源代碼: 1. **DefaultQOS**: - 內部儲存:`uint32_t def_qos_id`(單一 QoS ID) - 輸出格式:**單一 QoS 名稱**(例如:`"normal"`) - **不會是逗號分隔的字串** 2. **QOS**: - 內部存儲:`list_t *qos_list`(QoS 列表) - 輸出格式:**逗號分隔的 QoS 列表**(例如:`"normal,high,urgent"`) ### 原代碼問題分析 雖然 `DefaultQOS` 是單一值,但原代碼仍然有問題: ```python # ❌ 問題代碼 return ( self.frozen_qos_name in qos or # qos 是列表(逗號分隔) self.frozen_qos_name in default_qos # default_qos 是單一值 ) ``` ### 兩個欄位都有誤判風險: 1. **QOS 欄位(列表)**:需要分割逗號 ```python frozen_qos_name = "frozen" qos = "unfrozen,normal" # "frozen" in "unfrozen,normal" → True ❌ 誤判! ``` 2. **DefaultQOS 欄位(單一值)**:雖然是單一值,但仍有子字串匹配問題 ```python frozen_qos_name = "test" default_qos = "latest" # "test" in "latest" → True ❌ 誤判! ``` ### ✅ 正確做法 ```python def is_account_frozen(self, account_name: str) -> bool: """Check if an account is frozen""" if not self.frozen_enabled: return False try: output = self._run_command([ 'show', 'account', account_name, f'cluster={self.cluster_name}', '-P', '--associations', 'format=Account,QOS,DefaultQOS' ]) lines = output.strip().split('\n') if len(lines) > 1 and lines[1].strip(): parts = lines[1].split('|') if len(parts) >= 3: qos = parts[1] default_qos = parts[2] # QOS 欄位:分割逗號(列表) qos_list = [q.strip() for q in qos.split(',') if q.strip()] # DefaultQOS 欄位:直接比較(單一值) return ( self.frozen_qos_name in qos_list or self.frozen_qos_name == default_qos.strip() # ← 精確匹配 ) return False except subprocess.CalledProcessError: return False ``` ### 關鍵修正 1. **QOS**:分割逗號並檢查列表成員 → `in qos_list` 2. **DefaultQOS**:精確字串比較 → `== default_qos.strip()` 這樣可以避免所有子字串匹配的誤判問題。 <br> --- ### project, user, association 都有各自的 frozen,什麼情況會發生association.frozen=true? - ### Question IAM data: ``` { "memberships": [ { "membershipId": "...", "projectId": "...", "user": { "userId": "...", "frozen": false, ... }, "frozen": false, ... }, "total": 1 } ``` project, user, association 都有各自的 frozen,什麼情況會發生association.frozen=true? - ### gpt-5.4 (2026/03/23) 就這份資料結構來看,`association.frozen=true` **最可能代表:這筆「user ↔ project」的關聯本身被停用/凍結了**,但 **user 本身不一定被停用**,**project 本身也不一定被停用**。 也就是說,三種 `frozen` 很可能分別是三個不同層級: * `user.frozen`:這個使用者帳號整體被凍結 * `project.frozen`:這個專案整體被凍結 * `association.frozen`:這個使用者「在這個專案中的 membership」被凍結 ### 什麼情況容易出現 `association.frozen=true` 最常見會是這幾種語意: 1. **使用者沒有被停權,但被移出某個 project** * 例如: * `TJ Tsai` 帳號仍有效 * `project A` 仍有效 * 但 `TJ Tsai` 不再屬於 `project A` * 為了保留歷史紀錄,不直接刪除 membership row,而是把 association 標成 frozen 2. **只想暫停某人對某個 project 的存取** * 不是封鎖整個帳號 * 只是暫時禁止他進這個 project * 這時最合理就是凍結 association,而不是凍結 user 3. **外部同步來源撤銷了關聯** * 例如這筆 membership 是從外部群組 / HR / LDAP / IAM sync 匯入 * 後來上游資料顯示此人已不屬於該 project * 系統可能把 association 標成 frozen,而不是直接刪掉,方便 audit / rollback 4. **角色或權限綁定失效,但想保留 membership 歷史** * 例如 permission policy 變更、專案轉移、到期失效 * 系統保留 association,但不讓它再生效 --- ### 可以怎麼理解它 你可以把它想成: ```text user.frozen = 這個人整體不能用 project.frozen = 這個專案整體不能用 association.frozen = 這個人不能再用這個專案 ``` 所以實務上常見的授權判斷會像: ```text effective_access = !user.frozen && !project.frozen && !association.frozen ``` --- ### 什麼情況「不一定」會讓 association.frozen=true 下面這兩種,不一定會連動到 association: * **`user.frozen=true`** * 有些系統只凍結 user,不會逐筆把所有 association 都改成 frozen * **`project.frozen=true`** * 有些系統只凍結 project,也不會去改所有 memberships 也就是說,`association.frozen=true` 通常不是「user/project 被凍結後自動推導出來」,而是**這筆 membership 自己的狀態**。 --- ### 依你這份 JSON,我會怎麼判讀 你這筆資料像是: * `user`: TJ Tsai * `projectId`: 某個 project * `membershipId`: 這筆 membership/association 的主鍵 * `tenantRole`: `TENANT_MEMBER` 因此 `association.frozen=true` 幾乎可理解成: > **TJ Tsai 這個人本身還存在,但 TJ Tsai 與該 project 的這筆 membership 已被停用。** --- ### 最貼近實務的推測 若你們系統有「刪除成員但保留歷史」的設計, 那 `association.frozen=true` **非常可能就是 soft delete / inactive membership**。 --- ### 要怎麼驗證你們系統是不是這樣 最直接的方法是做 3 組測試: 1. **只停用 user** * 看 API 回來是 `user.frozen=true` 還是也會連動改 `association.frozen` 2. **只停用 project** * 看 association 會不會跟著變 frozen 3. **把 user 從 project 移除,但不刪實體資料** * 如果此時看到 `association.frozen=true` * 那幾乎就能確定它是 membership-level disable / soft delete 如果你願意,我可以幫你把這三層 `frozen` 的語意整理成一張 **狀態判讀表**,例如: `user.frozen / project.frozen / association.frozen -> 最終是否可登入、是否可進 project、是否可列在 member 清單中`。 <br> {%hackmd vaaMgNRPS4KGJDSFG0ZE0w %}

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    - Unordered List
    • Unordered List
    1. Ordered List
    1. Ordered List
    - [ ] Todo List
    • Todo List
    > Blockquote
    Blockquote
    **Bold font** Bold font
    *Italics font* Italics font
    ~~Strikethrough~~ Strikethrough
    19^th^ 19th
    H~2~O H2O
    ++Inserted text++ Inserted text
    ==Marked text== Marked text
    [link text](https:// "title") Link
    ![image alt](https:// "title") Image
    `Code` Code 在筆記中貼入程式碼
    ```javascript
    var i = 0;
    ```
    var i = 0;
    :smile: :smile: Emoji list
    {%youtube youtube_id %} Externals
    $L^aT_eX$ LaTeX
    :::info
    This is a alert area.
    :::

    This is a alert area.

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