LEE, CHUNG-HAU
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    phonebook === contributed by <`snoopy831002`> ## 開發環境 軟體:unbuntu 16 ![](https://i.imgur.com/fbgtHpv.png) 硬體:Macbook pro 2013(late) ![](https://i.imgur.com/URG4SsL.png) *本專案搭配astyle+Git使"過去的我"、"現在的我"以及"未來的我"延續一致的coding style ## code review ### `#include IMPL` 在main.c裡面會使用到 gcc -DIMPL="" 的 macro。 這個marco可以使編譯時加入參數進去,以本案例來說gcc -DIMPL="phonebook_hash" 就是在編譯期間在main.c檔內加入一個IMPL的marco,其值為phonebook_hash 這個可以讓我們輕易的在同一個main.c執行多個版本的phonebook :::danger 從shell傳入marco時必須以字串傳入,雙引號還必須要跳脫。 例如: `gcc -DIMPL"\"phonebook_orig.h\""` 或是寫成下面這個版本(不用跳脫): `gcc -DIMPL'\"phonebook_orig.h\"'` ::: ## 開始分析 ### 原始版本(未優化) `./phonebook_orig` 執行時間: ![](https://i.imgur.com/PGXnZO2.png) cache-miss 高達89%: ![](https://i.imgur.com/XYRbrZn.png) * 作業中提到的目標是要讓執行時期的cache miss降低,但原本的結構體在佔用的空間達到136 Bytes,但電腦本身的L1 cache只有32KB = 32*1024 byte,計算出來可放的資料量約32*1024 / 136 = 240.941筆,但是讀取的檔案本身卻是有349900筆的資料量,也難怪cache miss的比例如此高了。 利用perf找熱點: `./phonebook_orig & sudo perf top -p $!` ![](https://i.imgur.com/f2y6jMa.png) * 由此圖可以發現明明findName執行時(0.005552 sec)< append執行時間(0.056274)但是findName所佔效能(16.94%)卻是append(1.04%)的15倍左右 代表說findname內很可能有很多不必要的運算 ### opt版本 在phonebook_opt.h中我縮小了struct的大小,因為在搜尋時只用lastname做搜尋,故保留之 ```clike= typedef struct __LAST_NAME_ENTRY { char lastName[MAX_LAST_NAME_SIZE]; struct entry_detail *detail struct __PHONE_BOOK_ENTRY *pNext; } entry; ``` `./phonebook_orig` 執行時間: ![](https://i.imgur.com/ev5v201.png) 執行時間比之前縮短約2秒 cache-miss 降為31%: ![](https://i.imgur.com/RtG2q7v.png) 利用perf找熱點: ![](https://i.imgur.com/Sb4x6Vp.png) 經由perf發現findName已經大幅減少佔據系統效能了 gnuplot: ![](https://i.imgur.com/QrbqKwj.png) ### Hash版本(使用djb2) `./phonebook_hash` ![](https://i.imgur.com/fjQcpJO.png) 我們可以發現花在append()的時間比之前還要多 但是findName()所花的時間接進0秒! cache-miss ![](https://i.imgur.com/8bfEwJc.png) cache-miss 比之前更少 perf找熱點 ![](https://i.imgur.com/fxxM9Zk.png) 我們可以發現系統把大多數的時間拿去進行hash了,所以append()[下圖]才會比之前再多花一點時間 ![](https://i.imgur.com/rN6h1nR.png) ## 參考資料 * [Hash Table](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tjtFkT97Xmc) * [詹欣達的共筆](https://embedded2016.hackpad.com/ep/pad/static/SS3c9W4KM1S) * [吳勃興的共筆](https://embedded2016.hackpad.com/2016q1-Homework-1-DdP67a0ke8Q) * [Zentorno 的共筆](https://embedded2016.hackpad.com/ep/pad/static/SS3c9W4KM1S)

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