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    --- title: 常用 LaTeX 數學符號指令 date: 2022-10-03 is_modified: true disqus: cynthiahackmd categories: - "資訊科技 › 開發與輔助工具" tags: - "LaTeX" - "圖表與文書工具" - "工具介紹與操作" --- {%hackmd @CynthiaChuang/Github-Page-Theme %} <br> 整理一些我自己用過的 LaTex 數學符號指令,下次就不用再像無頭蒼蠅般亂找了 XD 不過我的使用情境多數是在寫網誌時,插入公式用,偶爾寫寫課堂上的證明題,比較少拿它來寫文件,所以缺少關於排版部分的語法,只在文章後面稍微提到了點公式的排版。 是說,後面部分有點亂,是不是應該把這篇拆成兩篇? <!--more--> ## 目錄 1. [二元運算號](#二元運算號) 2. [二元關係符號](#二元關係符號) 3. [邏輯符號](#邏輯符號) 4. [上標、下標及Head](#上標、下標及Head) 5. [大尺寸運算符號](#大尺寸運算符號) 6. [標準函式符號](#標準函式符號) 7. [根號與分數](#根號與分數) 8. [微積分符號](#微積分符號) 9. [二項式係數](#二項式係數) 10. [箭號](#箭號) 11. [分隔符號](#分隔符號) 12. [希臘字母](#希臘字母) 13. [陣列與方程式](#陣列與方程式) 14. [空格](#空格) 15. [書寫時, 英文字體顯示](#書寫時-英文字體顯示) 16. [公式對齊](#公式對齊) <br> > **Warning** > 下列指令前後應該皆用 **\$\$** 包圍,告訴編譯器這邊是應該用 mathjax 來渲染。 > `$$ 指令 $$` ## 二元運算號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$+$|+||$-$|-||$\pm$|\pm||$\mp$|\mp| |$\times$|\times||$\ast$|\ast||$\star$|\star||$\cdot$|\cdot| |$\div$|\div||$\setminus$|\setminus| |$\oplus$|\oplus||$\ominus$|\ominus||$\otimes$|\otimes||$\odot$|\odot| |$\oslash$|\oslash||$\bigcirc$|\bigcirc| |$\vee$|\vee||$\wedge$|\wedge||$\uplus$|\uplus| |$\circ$|\circ||$\bullet$|\bullet||$\diamond$|\diamond| $\triangleright$|\triangleright||$\triangleleft$| \triangleleft| ## 二元關係符號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$<$|<||$>$|>||$=$|=| |$\le$|\le||$\ge$|\ge||$\equiv$|\equiv| |$\ll$|\ll||$\gg$|\gg||$\doteq$|\doteq| |$\prec$|\prec||$\succ$|\succ||$\sim$|\sim| |$\preceq$|\preceq||$\succeq$|\succeq||$\simeq$|\simeq| |$\subset$|\subset||$\supset$|\supset||$\approx$|\approx| |$\subseteq$|\subseteq||$\supseteq$|\supseteq||$\cong$|\cong| |$\sqsubset$|\sqsubset||$\sqsupset$|\sqsupset||$\Join$|\Join| |$\sqsubseteq$|\sqsubseteq||$\sqsupseteq$|\sqsupseteq||$\bowtie$|\bowtie| |$\in$|\in||$\ni$|\ni||$\propto$|\propto| |$\vdash$|\vdash||$\dashv$|\dashv||$\models$|\models| |$\perp$|\perp||$\mid$|\mid||$\parallel$|\parallel| |$\smile$|\smile||$\frown$|\frown||$\asymp$|\asymp| 可在前面加上 \not 得到否定形式,ex:`\not <` 得到 $\not <$ ## 邏輯符號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$\forall$|\forall||$\exists$|\exists||$\nexists$|\nexists| |$\therefore$|\therefore||$\because$|\because||$\And$|\And| |$\lor$|\lor||$\vee$|\vee||$\curlyvee$|\curlyvee| |$\bigvee$|\bigvee| |$\land$|\land||$\wedge$|\wedge||$\curlywedge$|\curlywedge| |$\bigwedge$|\bigwedge| |$\neg$|\neg| ## 上標、下標及Head |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$a^b$|a^b||$a_t$|a_t||$a^b_t$|a^b_t| |$a^{b+1}_{t+1}$|a^{b+1}_{t+1}||$\overline{m+n}$|\overline{m+n}||$\underline{m+n}$|\underline{m+n}| |$\overbrace{m+\cdots+n}^{26}$|\overbrace{m+\cdots+n}^{26}||$\underbrace{m+\cdots+n}_{26}$|\underbrace{m+\cdots+n}_{26}||$\bar{a}$|\bar{a}| |$\vec{a}$|\vec{a}||$\hat{a}$|\hat{a}||$\dot{a}$|\dot{a}| |$\overrightarrow{ab}$|\overrightarrow{ab}||$\overleftarrow{ab}$|\overleftarrow{ab}||$\widehat{abc}$|\widehat{abc}| |$\overset{\frown} {ab}$|\overset{\frown} {ab}| ## 大尺寸運算符號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$\sum$|\sum||$\bigcap$|\bigcap||$\bigcup$|\bigcup||$\biguplus$|\biguplus| |$\bigsqcup$|\bigsqcup||$\prod$|\prod||$\coprod$|\coprod||$\bigodot$|\bigodot| |$\bigotimes$|\bigotimes||$\bigoplus$|\bigoplus||$\bigwedge$|\bigwedge||$\bigvee$|\bigvee| |$\int$|\int||$\oint$|\oint| ## 標準函式符號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$\sin$|\sin||$\cos$|\cos||$\tan$|\tan| |$\sec$|\sec||$\csc$|\csc||$\cot$|\cot| |$\arcsin$|\arcsin||$\arccos$|\arccos||$\arctan$|\arctan| |$\sinh$|\sinh||$\cosh$|\cosh||$\tanh$|\tanh| |$\exp$|\exp||$\log$|\log||$\ln$|\ln| |$\lim$|\lim||$\liminf$|\liminf||$\limsup$|\limsup| |$\inf$|\inf||$\max$|\max||$\min$|\min| |$\deg$|\deg||$\arg$|\arg||$\gcd$|\gcd| ## 根號與分數 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$\surd$|\surd||$\sqrt{2}$|\sqrt{2}||$\sqrt[n]{}$|\sqrt[n]{}||$\sqrt[3]{2}$|\sqrt[3]{2}| |$\frac{2}{4}$|\frac{2}{4}||$\tfrac{2}{4}$|\tfrac{2}{4}||$\cfrac{2}{4}$|\cfrac{2}{4}| ## 微積分符號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$\nabla{x}$|\nabla{x}||$\partial{x}$|\partial{x}||$x^{\prime}$|x^{\prime}|||| |$\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx$|\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx| |$\infty$|\infty| ## 二項式係數 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---| |$\dbinom{n}{r}$|\dbinom{n}{r}||$\binom{n}{n-r}$|\binom{n}{n-r} | ## 箭號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---| |$\leftarrow$|\leftarrow||$\rightarrow$|\rightarrow| |$\longleftarrow$|\longleftarrow||$\longrightarrow$|\longrightarrow| |$\Leftarrow$|\Leftarrow||$\Rightarrow$|\Rightarrow| |$\Longleftarrow$|\Longleftarrow||$\Longrightarrow$|\Longrightarrow| |$\leftharpoonup$|\leftharpoonup||$\rightharpoonup$|\rightharpoonup| |$\leftharpoondown$|\leftharpoondown||$\rightharpoondown$|\rightharpoondown| |$\hookleftarrow$|\hookleftarrow||$\hookrightarrow$|\hookrightarrow| |$\mapsto$|\mapsto||$\longmapsto$|\longmapsto| |$\leftrightarrow$|\leftrightarrow||$\longleftrightarrow$|\longleftrightarrow| |$\Leftrightarrow$|\Leftrightarrow||$\Longleftrightarrow$|\Longleftrightarrow| |$\rightleftharpoons$|\rightleftharpoons| |$\uparrow$|\uparrow||$\downarrow$|\downarrow| |$\Uparrow$|\Uparrow||$\Downarrow$|\Downarrow| |$\updownarrow$|\updownarrow||$\Updownarrow$|\Updownarrow| |$\nearrow$|\nearrow||$\searrow$|\searrow| |$\swarrow$|\swarrow||$\nwarrow$|\nwarrow| ## 分隔符號 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$($|(||$)$|)||$[$|[||$]$|]| |$\{$|\\{||$\}$|\\}||$\langle$|\langle||$\rangle$|\rangle| |$\lfloor$|\lfloor||$\rfloor$|\rfloor||$\lceil$|\lceil||$\rceil$|\rceil| |$\vert$|\vert||$\Vert$|\Vert||$/$|/||$\backslash$|\backslash| ## 希臘字母 **大寫字母** |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$\Gamma$|\Gamma||$\Delta$|\Delta||$\Lambda$|\Lambda||$\Xi$|\Xi| |$\Pi$|\Pi||$\Sigma$|\Sigma||$\Upsilon$|\Upsilon||$\Phi$|\Phi| |$\Psi$|\Psi||$\Omega$|\Omega| <br> **小寫字母** |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$\alpha$|\alpha||$\beta$|\beta||$\gamma$|\gamma||$\delta$|\delta| |$\epsilon$|\epsilon||$\varepsilon$|\varepsilon||$\zeta$|\zeta||$\eta$|\eta| |$\theta$|\theta||$\vartheta$|\vartheta||$\iota$|\iota||$\kappa$|\kappa| |$\lambda$|\lambda||$\mu$|\mu||$\nu$|\nu||$\xi$|\xi| |$o$|o||$\pi$|\pi||$\varpi$|\varpi||$\rho$|\rho| |$\varrho$|\varrho||$\sigma$|\sigma||$\varsigma$|\varsigma||$\tau$|\tau| |$\upsilon$|\upsilon||$\phi$|\phi||$\varphi$|\varphi||$\chi$|\chi| |$\psi$|\psi||$\omega$|\omega| ## 陣列與方程式 **陣列** $$\begin{matrix} a+b & c & 9 \\ 5 & x^2+y & 3 \\ 8 & 7 & z_1 \\ \end{matrix}$$ 指令 ``` \begin{matrix} a+b & c & 9 \\ 5 & x^2+y & 3 \\ 8 & 7 & z_1 \\ \end{matrix} ``` . $$\begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix}$$ 指令 ``` \begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix} ``` . **真值表** $$\begin{array}{|c|c||c|} a & b & S \\ \hline 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0\\ \end{array}$$ ``` \begin{array}{|c|c||c|} a & b & S \\ \hline 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0\\ \end{array} ``` . **方程組** $$\begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z \\ 7x - 2y + 4z \\ -6x + 3y + 2z \end{cases}$$ 指令 ``` \begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z \\ 7x - 2y + 4z \\ -6x + 3y + 2z \end{cases} ``` ## 空格 |效果說明|指令|預覽|.|效果說明|指令|預覽|.|效果說明|指令|預覽| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 大空格 | \ | $a\ b$| | 兩個quad空格|\qquad | $a\qquad b$|| 没有空格|| $ab$| |中空格 | \\; |$a\;b$|| 一個quad空格 |\quad|$a\quad b$ || 緊貼 | \\! | $a\!b$| |小空格 |\\, |$a\,b$ || 換行| \\\\ |$a\\ b$|| || | ## 書寫時, 英文字體顯示 |預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令|.|預覽|指令| |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| |$if$|if||$\text{ if }$|\text{ if } ||$\mathbb{R}$|\mathbb{R}||$\mathrm{C}$|\mathrm{C}| ## 公式對齊 $$ \begin{aligned} a &= b + c \\ &= d +f \end{aligned} $$ 指令 ``` \begin{aligned} a &= b + c \\ &= d +f \end{aligned} ``` ## 參考資料 1. [TeX / LaTeX 數學模式符號指令](http://bcc16.ncu.edu.tw/7/latex/math_tex/) 2. [常用数学符号的 LaTeX 表示方法](http://mohu.org/info/symbols/symbols.htm) 3. [使用說明:數學公式|維基百科](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%8F#%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7) 4. [Latex数学公式中的空格|王志 新浪博客]( http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4ddef8f80100iwwv.html) 5. [【LaTeX入门】05、换行、换段、换页、首行缩进等命令|xiazdong]( https://blog.csdn.net/xiazdong/article/details/8892105) ## 更新紀錄 :::spoiler 最後更新日期:2022-10-03 - 2022-10-03 更新:新增微積分符號 - 2019-01-05 發布 ::: {%hackmd @CynthiaChuang/Github-Page-Footer %}

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