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# Command Line Windows 環境架設 以及 常用指令介紹 ----- ###### tags: `Command line` ------ 在搜尋打命令提示字元,以及它呈現的樣子 ![](https://i.imgur.com/IcCNFKp.png) Windows 跟 Mac 以及 Linus的指令是不同的,因此可以使用Cmder就可以使用一樣的指令摟! ![](https://i.imgur.com/ljJOUt7.png) 記得先下載好用的Cmder https://blog.miniasp.com/post/2015/09/27/Useful-tool-Cmder ![](https://i.imgur.com/MZNFRpg.png) 下載node.js ![](https://i.imgur.com/MhBHNBa.png) # CLI 簡介 以及 常用指令介紹 什麼是 Command Line > 命令列介面(英語:Command-Line Interface,縮寫:CLI)是在圖形使用者介面得到普及之前使用最為廣泛的使用者介面,它通常不支援滑鼠,用戶通過鍵盤輸入指令,電腦接收到指令後,予以執行。也有人稱之為文字使用者介面(character user interface, CUI)。 ## 好用學習的資源推薦: http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_learning_the_shell.php ## 1. CLI 的常用基本指令 <table><tbody><tr><td><strong>指令 (Mac OS / Linux)</strong></td><td><strong>用途</strong></td><td><strong>例子</strong></td></tr><tr><td>pwd <br>(print working directory)</td><td>印出目前路徑位置</td><td>pwd</td></tr><tr><td>ls <br>(List Segment)</td><td>列出檔案清單</td><td>ls<br>ls -a<br><em>(列出隱藏的檔案)</em><br>ls -l<br><em>(列出檔案相關資訊)</em><br>ls -al<br><em>(列出隱藏+資訊)</em></td></tr><tr><td>cd <br>(change directory)</td><td>切換資料夾</td><td>cd Desktop<br><em>(到桌面資料夾)</em><br>cd ~<br><em>(回到使用者層)</em><br>cd /<br><em>(回到根目錄)</em></td></tr><tr><td>man <br>(manual)</td><td>指令使用說明書</td><td>man la</td></tr><tr><td>clear</td><td>清空畫面</td><td>clear</td></tr></tbody></table> ## 2. CLI 的常用檔案相關指令 <table><tbody><tr><td><strong>指令 (Mac OS / Linux)</strong></td><td><strong>用途</strong></td><td><strong>例子</strong></td></tr><tr><td>touch</td><td>建立檔案 / 更改時間</td><td>touch test.txt</td></tr><tr><td>rm<br>(remove)</td><td>刪除檔案</td><td>rm test.txt<br>rm -f test.txt<br><em>(強制刪除 test.txt)</em><br>rm -r TEST<br><em>(刪除 TEST 資料夾&amp;裡面檔案)</em></td></tr><tr><td>mkdir<br>(make directory)</td><td>建立資料夾</td><td>mkdir TEST<br>rmdir TEST<br><em>(刪除 TEST 資料夾)</em></td></tr><tr><td>mv<br>(move)</td><td>移動檔案或改名</td><td>mv test.txt TEXT<br><em>(檔案 text.txt 移至 TEXT)</em><br>mv test.txt test2.txt<br><em>(檔案 text.txt 改名 test2.txt)</em></td></tr><tr><td>cp<br>(copy)</td><td>複製檔案</td><td>cp test.txt test2.txt<br><em>(檔案 text.txt 複製一份命名 text2.txt)</em><br>cp -r TEXT TEXT2<br><em>(複製資料夾 TEXT 和裡面所有檔案)</em></td></tr><tr><td>vim</td><td>文字編輯器</td><td>vim text.txt<br><em>按 i 可以打字<br>按 esc 進入普通模式 <br>:q 離開<br>:wq 存檔離開</em></td></tr><tr><td>open</td><td>打開</td><td>open test.txt<br>open .. <br><em>(打開資料夾)</em></td></tr></tbody></table> ## 3. CLI 的常用其他指令 <table><tbody><tr><td><strong>指令</strong></td><td><strong>用途</strong></td><td><strong>例子</strong></td></tr><tr><td>cat</td><td>列印出檔案內容</td><td>cat test.txt</td></tr><tr><td>less</td><td>分頁印出檔案</td><td>less test.tst</td></tr><tr><td>echo</td><td>列出出打的東西</td><td>echo 123</td></tr><tr><td>grep</td><td>抓取關鍵字 (ex: A)</td><td>grep A test.txt</td></tr><tr><td>wget</td><td>下載檔案(有可能需安裝</td><td>wget url</td></tr><tr><td>curl</td><td>送出 repuest</td><td>curl api url<br><em>(秀出 response)</em><br>curl -I url <br><em>(秀出 header 資訊)</em></td></tr><tr><td>&gt;<br>(redirection)</td><td>重新導向 input output</td><td>echo 123 &gt; test.txt</td></tr><tr><td>&gt;&gt;<br>(append)</td><td>可以新增內容進檔案</td><td>echo 123 &gt;&gt; test.txt</td></tr><tr><td>|<br>(pipe)</td><td>左邊指令的輸出變成右邊指令的輸入</td><td>cat test.txt | grep A</td></tr><tr><td>date</td><td>輸出日期</td><td>date</td></tr><tr><td>top<br>(tab of process)</td><td>查詢系統目前的工作狀態</td><td>top</td></tr></tbody></table> ### 4.CLI 應用實例 假設你想要完全不透過圖形介面,建立一個叫做 wifi 的資料夾,並且在裡面建立一個叫 afu.js 的檔案,該怎麼做? step1 – 跳到桌面:cd Desktop step2 – 建立資料夾 wifi: mkdir wifi step3 – 跳到資料夾 wifi:cd wifi step4 – 建立檔案 afu.js:touch afu.ja step5 – 查看所有位置所有檔案:ls ![](https://i.imgur.com/d8SVijV.png)

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