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    # <font class="h2">四捨五入、無條件捨去、無條件進位</font> ###### tags: `javascript` <style> .h2 { background: linear-gradient(135deg,#fff,#537479) ; color: #537479; display:block; padding: 6px 5px; border-radius: 4px; } .h3 { background: linear-gradient(180deg,#fff 50%,#c9d5d4) ; color: #537479; display:block; padding: 6px 5px; border-bottom: 3px solid #537479; } .h4 { color: #537479; font-weight:bold; font-size:1.1em; } </style> <br> ### <font class="h4">➤Math.round() 四捨五入</font> ```javascript Math.round(3.14) // 3 Math.round(5.49999) // 5 Math.round(5.5) // 6 Math.round("5.50001") // 6 Math.round(-5.49999) // -5 Math.round(-5.5) // -5 Math.round(-5.50001) // -6 ``` <br> 優先序`()` > `Math.round` > `/` ```javascript Math.round(18.62645 * 10) / 10 // 18.6 Math.round(18.62645 * 100) / 100 // 18.63 Math.round(18.62645 * 1000) / 1000 // 18.626 ``` <br> :::info ### toFixed() toFixed() 取小數第N位,且會四捨五入,==會回傳字串== parseFloat() 去掉小數點尾數零 ```javascript (0.666).toFixed(2); //'0.67' let num = 123.4005; console.log(parseFloat(num.toFixed(2)) //123.4 ``` ::: ### <font class="h4">➤Math.floor() 最大整數/無條件捨去</font> ```javascript Math.floor(3.14) // 3 Math.floor(5.4) // 5 Math.floor(-5.4) // -6 Math.floor("-5.5") // -6 ``` :::info `>>0`等於`Math.floor()`,也是取整的寫法,也可以寫`|0`, 或是`~~` ```javascript 3.14>>0 //3 3.14|0 //3 ~~3.14 //3 ``` ::: <br> ```javascript! 3.14>>0 //3 3.14|0 //3 5.4>>0 //5 5.4|0 //5 -5.4>>0 //-5 -5.4|0 //-5 "-5.5">>0 //-5 "-5.5"|0 //-5 ``` ### <font class="h4">➤Math.ceil() 最小整數/無條件進位</font> ```javascript Math.ceil(3.14) // 4 Math.ceil(5.4) // 6 Math.ceil(-5.4) // -5 Math.ceil("-5.5") // -5 ``` <br> ### <font class="h4">➤Math.abs() 絕對值/取正整數</font> 任何一個數值返回一個正整數 ```javascript Math.round(3.14) // 3 Math.abs("-12") // 12 Math.abs("-0012") // 12 Math.abs(-12) // 12 Math.abs("00.032") // 0.032 Math.abs("24-5") // NaN Math.abs("Hello") // NaN ``` <br> ### <font class="h4">➤Math.min()</font> Math.min() 方法接受多個參數,並回傳當中最小的數 ```javascript Math.min(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) // 1 ``` ```javascript Math.min() //Infinity ``` ```javascript Math.min()<Math.max() //true ``` ```javascript Math.min()>Math.max() //false ``` <br> ### <font class="h4">➤Math.max()</font> Math.max() 方法接受多個參數,並回傳當中最大的數 ```javascript Math.max(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) // 5 ``` ```javascript Math.max() //-Infinity ``` :::info 方法一. `Math.max()`和 `Math.min()` 不接受物件陣列參數,若需要取陣列中最大或是最小數可以用下列方法 ` apply` 的第一個參數可以自定義的該函數所指向的 this,在此例中不需特別指定,帶入 null 即可。第二個參數為呼叫 `apply` 方法的方法(即下例的 `Math.max` 方法)預設帶入的參數,要注意的是須改以物件形式傳入,這是 apply API 的規範。 ```javascript Math.max.apply(null, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) // 5 ``` <br> 方法二. 也可以使用 ES6 Spread 將陣列拆解後帶入 ```javascript console.log(...[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) // 1 2 3 4 5 ``` ```javascript Math.max(...[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) // 5 ``` ::: <br> ### <font class="h4">➤Math.trunc()</font> 除去小數位來返回浮點數的整數部分 ```javascript Math.trunc(15.56) //15 Math.trunc(-15.56) //-15 Math.trunc(0.236) //0 ``` ### <font class="h4">➤Math.random()</font> :arrow_right:[隨機取值](https://hackmd.io/@grayshine/Skqy-5yvY) `Math.random()` 回傳一個介於 0 到 1 的隨機數(包含 0,不包含1) `Math.random()` 和 `Math.floor()` 一起使用,可以回傳一個隨機整數。 ```javascript Math.floor(Math.random() * 10); //0到9的隨機整數 ``` ```javascript Math.floor(Math.random() * 100); //從0到99的隨機整數 ``` ```javascript Math.floor(Math.random() * 101)//從0到100的隨機整數 ``` ```javascript Math.floor((Math.random() * 10) + 11);//從11到20的隨機整數 ``` ```javascript Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1;//從1到100的隨機整數 ``` <br> ### <font class="h4">➤Math.pow()</font> Math.pow(x, y) 方法接收兩個參數,回傳 x 的 y 次方 ```javascript Math.pow(2, 3) // 8 Math.pow(5, 2) // 25 ```

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