---
title: 好植地基地檢核/基本設計生產器初想
tags: tree
---

# 好植地基地檢核/基本設計生產器初想

## Table of Contents
[TOC]

----
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## 1. 基地檢核:

### a. Prepare a Site Model Base
= Digital Terrain/Surface Model + Existing Buildings and Trees + Environmental/ Weather Data

Data Input :
site_id - [指標基地資訊表格](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1RnaTnG9z9dvjmjQ5zeKaogDmGr4QDGaIT4R-wtXH6-8/edit?fbclid=IwAR0zfcYdGO-119Okn1FDzsSxJ_fcmKODQVIosPtzxlqWxwStnVg2JURzOfs#gid=651736071)
site_tree - 現有樹木數據
site_building - 現有建物
site_terrain - DEM
[好植地 - 基地檢核評估項目](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1RtMLr3oTiIEAjQP32ZElmCspZFxgqeLkpcE6xvN3Oc4/edit?fbclid=IwAR2HNkgJGqca3HpuV9A7umnIvS5Im7HYSwGzG_Nu-e7w9i6FhzL-1y0vHDM)


*(20.07.07 Haowen site info database + GH import)*

---

### b. 植生條件研判 + 創造外部效益 Work in Progress


#### **Sunlight Analysis**
使用Grasshopper-[Ladybug](https://github.com/ladybug-tools)分析

    - https://www.ladybug.tools/butterfly.html
    - 需要圖資：周邊現有建物及樓高、現有樹資訊 (received)
    - 分析結果：
    --->define場地內光照充足、適合植栽的區域
    --->define場地內需要提供遮蔭的區域
     - Trees Full Sun: at least 6 hrs/ Partial Sun: 4-6 hrs/ Full Shade: 2 hrs or less

*(20.06.06 Haowen_Sun Analysis test run)

#### **Hydrology Stormwater Catchment**
使用[此篇Grasshopper script](https://generativelandscapes.wordpress.com/2016/05/31/water-runoff-script-example-8-6/)模擬運算雨水逕流 (如果有歷年雨量資料則可考量使用[caesar-lisflood](https://sourceforge.net/projects/caesar-lisflood/)進行模擬)

- 需要圖資：場地地形或坡度資訊, 或雨量資料 (climate data received)
- 分析結果：
--->雨水路面逕流（僅顯示水流路線）
--->define場地較能截流雨水的區域（適合設置植栽樹穴、軟性植栽、透水磚、雨水花園的區域）

*(20.06.14 Jiazhen_Waterflow test run)
*(20.06.18 Jiazhen_waterflow scoring test)
分析方法: 將場地劃分為20x20m單元格,運算每單元的雨水逕流相較全區流量的百分比,得出比較數值-->數值高=較能截流的區域--->搭配不同設計方法能計算雨水收集效益

#### **Wind Analysis/**
使用Grasshopper - [EddieQ](https://www.eddy3d.com/) or [Butterfly](https://github.com/ladybug-tools/butterfly)模擬

    - 需要圖資：周邊現有建物及樓高、現有樹資訊
    - 分析結果：
    --->地面風(define適合設計Wind mitigation區域？)
    --->風速？目前針對風模擬都只能當作參考，不能準確預估都市環境裡風的流動
    [微氣候資訊平台](http://www.weatherservice.org.tw/)
    
    https://www.ingridcloud.com/blog/pedestrian-wind-comfort/#:~:text=A%20Comfort%20Criterion%20is%20a,exceedance%20of%20a%20speed%20threshold.&text=And%20then%20says%20how%20much%20can%20wind%20speeds%20go%20beyond%20that%20threshold.

*(07.11.20 Haowen test run_simple wind direction & pedestrian comfort)

#### **土壤品質Geology/ soil /**
導入GIS圖資 [農地資料流通中心](https://aldoc.coa.gov.tw/)

#### **Urban Heat Island**
Grasshopper - [Dragonfly](https://www.ladybug.tools/dragonfly.html)
https://github.com/ladybug-tools/dragonfly-legacy
[Urban Weather Generator](https://github.com/ladybug-tools/uwg)

#### **Carbon Sequestration** 待查
導入，但研判方式還要 找既有套件 或 自行研擬出該議題的判斷式
#### **生物資料**
導入GIS圖資 (整體研判此基地對於地區生物相來說，基地的變更，會如何影響生物相)
#### **歷史圖資**
導入GIS圖資

---

### c. 建議方案生成方法

---
## 2. 計算潛力種植樹量/ 外部效益計算器:

**參考資料:**
Interactive Tool:
[UK 2050 Energy Calculator](http://2050-calculator-tool.decc.gov.uk/#/home)
[UK 2050 Energy Calculator Github](https://github.com/decc/twenty-fifty-new-look)
[New York City Street Tree Map](https://tree-map.nycgovparks.org/tree-map)
[Kreyon Build your ideal city](http://whatif.cslparis.com/kreyon.html)
[Kreyon City, the ideal city made of LEGO bricks](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0jjyeHWsQk&fbclid=IwAR0tocvtURjkx_WcWBqpml4rrP0sLfDvskMHTpaj9QEiDtAZlej2P9URktM)

Calculator:
[i-Tree Tool](https://www.itreetools.org/)
[Camden i-Tree Inventory Report](https://www.treeconomics.co.uk/http-2018-treeconomics-co-uk-projects-camden-i-tree-inventory-report-news/)

Guidance:
[Tree as Infrastructure](https://provocations.darkmatterlabs.org/trees-as-infrastructure-aa141acdf227)/ [Tree as Infrastructure筆記](https://hackmd.io/Vp9QYSrDQ9Wb2Q5hRpApbg)
[First Steps in Valuing Trees and Green Infrastructure](http://epapers.bham.ac.uk/3226/1/TDAG_ValuingTrees%26GI_2019.pdf)
[Tree Design Action Group Guides](http://www.tdag.org.uk/guides--resources.html?fbclid=IwAR25ebHmSx_7op-grjQDcT8wDB2AS7Ndd0IYQreQu6MZI6q-Q3OKeKfyCwg)
[Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to analyze brain region activity when viewing landscapes](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204617300300)

> (待整理)
> - 每一棵成齡樹可減少24%空氣懸浮微粒 up to a 24% reduction in particulate matter/ per mature tree
> - -->空氣品質提升, 預估減少氣喘相關花費 以英國為例£666m藥用費, £160m診所費Improved air quality can reduce asthma attacks related costs　(eg £666m on prescription, £160m on GP visits)　台灣數據？
> - More than 270 people are admitted to hospital each day because of asthma attacks. Of the £1.1b cost of treating asthma in the UK, at least £666 million is spent on prescription costs each year. Other costs include £160m on GP consultations, £143m on disability claims and £137m on hospital care.
> - 每增加5%樹蔭面積可降低2%暴雨逕流 2% stormwater runoff reduction/ every 5% of tree cover
> - 每25m2樹穴能截流26”的倫敦年雨量 (相當於英國水利局每種植一棵樹能節省£150)　capture 26” of London’s annual rainfall/ per tree with 25m2 tree pit. (For every tree with those qualities planted, Thames Water who currently pays £1.5 p/m3 could save £150 a year for every tree planted.)　台灣數據？
> - 適當的植樹和景觀基礎建設能有效降低都市熱島效應和氣溫2到8度 Informed selection and strategic placement of trees and green infrastructure can reduce the UHI and cool the air by between 2°C and 8°C
> - 適當排列的樹列能有效節省辦公室能源帳單至多18% Optimally positioned row of trees could help save up to 18% energy for heating office buildings
> - Research has shown that temperature decreased nonlinearly with increasing canopy cover, with the greatest cooling when canopy cover exceeded 40%
> - Different species have different rates of transpiration (water passed from roots to leaves and evaporates into the environment through leaf pores) Conifers transpire 10–12% while Deciduoud Trees up to 25% of precipitation.
---
## 3.分析數據整合及視覺化互動3D介面
Thoughts:

- Speckle+Hestia Viewer (30.06 HL_Test_DemoSite01)
https://hestia.speckle.works/view/?streams=xxWdjHHrj,JQ7Q2YEcE,yKf1LLqko
<iframe src="https://hestia.speckle.works/view/?streams=xxWdjHHrj,JQ7Q2YEcE,yKf1LLqko" width="800" height="500"> </iframe>

(30.06 HL_Test_DemoSite02)
https://hestia.speckle.works/view/?streams=7HuZqjvzK
<iframe src="https://hestia.speckle.works/view/?streams=7HuZqjvzK" width="800" height="500"> </iframe>

- export into geojson or KML
- [QGIS 3D](http://bl.ocks.org/infographicstw/raw/c434624afe673a173d7959049a666f71/?fbclid=IwAR1CLYdS7-qKThnj-0A0PPLRzuOi_XyJ6FGFk0joR9wfT52Y7ov8oiwFUA0)
- spider?
https://www.ladybug.tools/spider/#README.md
https://www.ladybug.tools/spider-covid-19-viz-3d/
https://www.ladybug.tools/spider/analemma3d/index.html#r20/analemma3d.html
https://www.ladybug.tools/spider/build-well/r14/build-well.html
- three.js
- https://threejs.org/examples
- **Proccessing/ P5.js web editor**
(20.06.16 HL測試P5 web editor, 導入建物地形, 以網路鏈結方式呈現3D互動窗口如下, google chrome)
<iframe src="https://editor.p5js.org/haowen1724/present/09iWxs8wp" width="600" height="300"> </iframe>

https://editor.p5js.org/haowen1724/present/09iWxs8wp
想UI部分可以讓使用者顯示/隱藏希望顯示的圖資, 以下為processing可以創建的UI示意

---

# Local Code方法

Local Code方法：
1. 視覺化基地的環境分析：Yearly Sun exposure/ Hydrology Stormwater Catchment/ Carbon Sequestration/ Thermal Analysis
2. 提出Locally optimized landscape proposal
3. 民眾參與工具 Interactive tool that indicates budget and cost (City funding, States funding, Federal funds, materials and labor)

Ref:
http://demonchaux.com/Local-Code-San-Francisco
https://youtu.be/1kEwBB4B38c
http://localco.de/
https://www.grasshopper3d.com/group/localcodecomponents
Download link for Local Code Grasshopper script has been removed from the website, but found

---

基地環境分析工作流程
開放資料的運用, 建構場地基本資訊
植生條件環境分析+權重公式
權重疊加生成符合植生條件的區域
植樹效益計算
場地的3種預設建議方案 (除了基本方案外，另提供其他不同權重，例如著重滯水、吸塵、風道、降溫其他兩種）
最後的重點在展示, 當方案透過設計參與的公私部門、民眾建議溝通後，會產生多元可能，而建構好的效益計算工具所扮演的角色就是在設計討論中，連動且反覆地檢視方案的永續數值