# Debian packaging workshop (5)

###### tags: `Debian packaging workshop`

上週筆記：Debian packaging workshop 4
下週筆記：Debian packaging workshop 6
日期：2015/05/05
網路聊天室：http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=tossug
YouTube直播錄影：http://youtu.be/iE92-bfAWEk

主題：pbuilder 跟 sbuild 以及相關的工具
pbuilder/cowbuilder
http://pbuilder.alioth.debian.org/
http://wen00072.github.io/blog/2014/11/20/package-debian-packages-using-local-debian-pbuilder-package/

安裝所需要的工具
$ sudo apt-get install pbuilder cowbuilder ubuntu-dev-tools

pbuilder - personal package builder for Debian packages
cowbuilder - pbuilder running on cowdancer
cowdancer - Copy-on-write directory tree utility.

ubuntu-dev-tools: /usr/bin/pbuilder-dist
ubuntu-dev-tools: /usr/bin/cowbuilder-dist

以 Debian unstable 為例
在 ~/bin/ 底下建立 Soft link pbuilder-unstable-amd64 -> /usr/bin/pbuilder-dist
$ pbuilder-unstable-amd64 create # 建立基本環境
$ pbuilder-unstable-amd64 update # 更新環境
$ pbuilder-unstable-amd64 build hello_2.10-0.1.dsc # 編譯該套件

pbuilder 1st: 1m38.364s, 2nd: 1m50.065s, 3rd: 1m24.354s
cowbuilder 1st: 1m32.800s, 2nd: 1m42.222s, 3rd: 1m7.449s

sbuild
https://wiki.debian.org/sbuild

安裝所需要的工具
$ sudo apt-get install sbuild ubuntu-dev-tools

以 Debian unstable 為例
$ mk-sbuild --arch amd64 --distro debian unstable # 第一次執行時會把你加入 sbuild 群組
$ newgrp sbuild # 馬上得到 sbuild
$ mk-sbuild --arch amd64 --distro debian unstable
To CHANGE the golden image: sudo schroot -c source:sid-amd64 -u root
To ENTER an image snapshot: schroot -c sid-amd64
To BUILD within a snapshot: sbuild -A -d sid-amd64 PACKAGE*.dsc
$ sbuild -A -d sid-amd64 hello_2.10-0.1.dsc
E: Local archive GPG signing key not found
I: Please generate a key with 'sbuild-update --keygen'
$ sbuild-update --keygen # 第一次需要產生一組公私鑰給它用
$ sbuild -A -d sid-amd64 hello_2.10-0.1.dsc

sbuild, 1st: 0m59.525s, 2nd: 0m59.437s

pdebuild
pdebuild - pbuilder way of doing debuild
這個就比較沒有那麼彈性，只能依照 ~/.pbuilderrc 裡面設定或是指令所下的參數來建立環境
Host 為 Ubuntu 14.04
http://askubuntu.com/questions/435450/how-to-get-a-sid-pbuilder-in-ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install debian-archive-keyring
$ sudo pbuilder --create --mirror http://free.nchc.org.tw/debian --distribution unstable --architecture amd64 --debootstrapopts --keyring=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg # 產生 Debian unstable amd64 的環境
$ cd ~/workshop/hello-2.10 # 直接進到 Debian source package 解開後的目錄底下
$ pdebuild
Host 為 Debian
$ sudo pbuilder --create --mirror http://free.nchc.org.tw/debian --distribution unstable --architecture amd64
如果沒有特別設定的話，Debian binary package 會產生在 /var/cache/pbuilder/result 底下

"Only the root user can perform a chroot. This is intended to prevent users from putting a setuid program inside a specially crafted chroot jail (for example, with a fake /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow file) that would fool it into a privilege escalation." -- Wikipedia

"Schroot allows users to execute commands or interactive shells in different chroots (see schroot)." -- Debian wiki

下週主題：git-buildpackage
https://enc.com.au/2015/04/28/backporting-and-git-buildpackage/
$ git clone git://anonscm.debian.org/pkg-ime/libchewing.git
$ DIST=sid git-pbuilder create
https://help.launchpad.net/Code/Git

下週主題二：metapackage/transitional/dummy package, https://wiki.debian.org/DebianPureBlends