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title: 以太坊上海升級

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# 以太坊上海升級
# EIP-4895

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![](https://i.imgur.com/C2jJf0m.png)

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### Ethereum 升級

![](https://i.imgur.com/wrTaP9O.png =600x)

<span class="medium">Beacon chain: 1 Dec. 2020</span>
<span class="medium">The merge: 15 Sep. 2022</span>

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## EIPs in Shanghai upgrade 
![](https://i.imgur.com/lvDRtH4.png =600x)

### Mainnet: 4/12 2023

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## Partial withdrawals
- Balances in excess of 32 Eth (earned rewards) are withdrawn to an Ethereum address and can be spent immediately.
- The validator will continue to be a part of the beacon chain and validate as expected.

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## Full withdrawals
- The validator will exit and stop being a part of the beacon chain.
- The entire balance (32 ETH principle and any rewards) of the validator is then unlocked and allowed to be spent after the exit and withdrawal mechanism is complete.

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## Withdrawal credentials
2 types of withdrawals

- BLS withdrawal `0x00`
-- By default, the deposit-cli would generate withdrawal credentials with the withdrawal key derived via mnemonics in EIP2334 format


- Ethereum address withdrawal `0x01`
-- you can set `--eth1_withdrawal_address` when running deposit-cli

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## Queues (New)

- BLS-to-execution queue
- Withdrawal queue

![](https://i.imgur.com/4lLKAdc.png)

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## Queues

- Activiation queue
- Exit queue

(![](https://i.imgur.com/q8zhr4f.png)

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## Reference

- <span class="medium">https://launchpad.ethereum.org/en/withdrawals</span>
- <span class="medium">https://www.bybit.com/zh-TW/eth-upgrade/shanghai/</span>
- <span class="medium">https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs</span>
- <span class="medium">https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs</span>
- <span class="medium">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethereum</span>
- <span class="medium">https://www.panewslab.com/zh_hk/articledetails/wezo8x5au0nh.html</span>
- <span class="medium">https://www.panewslab.com/zh/articledetails/ha6hm9p4.html</span>
- <span class="medium">https://docs.prylabs.network/docs/how-prysm-works/validator-lifecycle</span>

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# Q & A

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## Backup

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# 上海升級演進

![](https://i.imgur.com/XSby4hj.png)

Shanghai: execution layer (EL) client side
Capella: consensus layer (CL) client side


<span class="medium">Shanghai的命名是 [devcon](https://devcon.org/past-events/) 舉辦的城市</span>

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