###### tags: `Computer Architecture` # Memory Hierarchy  在馮紐曼架構(Von Neumann Architecture)下,電腦儲存系統設計成階級式的架構。 ### 記憶體架構兩大原則 - Temporal Locality - Spatial Locality ## DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory - Static: content will last (forever until lose power) - Low power, cheap, slow - High density - 用途:Register, Cache ## SRAM - Static Random Access Memory - Dynamic: need to be refreshed regularly - High power, expensive, fast - Low density - 用途:Main memory ## The Processor-Memory Performance Gap 電腦處理器的速度根據Moore’s Law成長,但是記憶體溝通的速度卻跟不上處理器的成長幅度,進而產生了**Processor-Memory Performance Gap**。  在Register和Main memory之間,我們還有一曾叫做Cache的層級。使用較快的SRAM技術,並且跟CPU是同在一個chip,叫做on-chip SRAM,相對於主記憶體的off-chip DRAM。 ## References: [1] https://kopu.chat/2017/05/06/dram%E3%80%81flash%E8%B2%B4%E5%88%B0%E7%82%B8%EF%BC%8C%E4%BD%A0%E9%82%84%E6%90%9E%E4%B8%8D%E6%87%82%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E9%AB%94%E7%9A%84%E5%B7%AE%E7%95%B0%E5%97%8E%EF%BC%9F/ [2] https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/cpu-basics?type=view
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