# Political Comapss 測驗 [測驗網址](https://www.politicalcompass.org/test) 測驗分成兩個象限: 社會主義v.s.資本主義 專制v.s.自由 透過測驗來檢視自己在政治光譜上面的位置 # 測驗之前的引言 >Before taking the test: Please note that this isn’t a **survey**, and these aren’t questions. They’re **propositions**. To question the logic of individual ones that irritate you is to **miss the point**. Some propositions are **extreme**, and some are **moderate**. That’s how we can show you whether you lean towards extremism or moderation on the Compass. Your responses should not be overthought. Some of them are **intentionally** **vague**. Their purpose is to trigger reactions in the mind, measuring feelings and prejudices rather than detailed opinions on policy. * 單字 * survey (noun) 調查 * An examination of opinions, behaviour, etc., made by asking people questions * *A recent survey found/revealed/showed that 58 percent of people did not know where their heart is.* * *to conduct/carry out/do a survey* * proposition (noun) 主張、見解 * An idea or an opinion * *They were debating the proposition that "All people are created equal".* * extreme (adj) 政治或信仰上偏激的、極端的 * most advanced or thoroughgoing; radical * *Extreme beliefs and political parties are considered by most people to be unreasonable and unacceptable* * moderate (adj) 溫和、不偏激的 * professing or characterized by political or social beliefs that are not extreme * *The party includes both extremely conservative and moderate members.* * itentionally (adv) 有意地，故意地 * in a planned or intended way * *I didn't ignore her intentionally - I just didn't recognize her.* * vague (adj) 含糊的，不明確的 * not clearly expressed, known, described, or decided * *I do have a vague memory of meeting her many years ago.* * *The description was pretty vague.* * 片語 * [miss the point](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-chinese-traditional/miss-the-point) 未能理解 * Overlook or fail to understand the essential or important part of something * *What you say is true, but you've missed the point of my argument.* # 測驗內容重要例句 > If economic **globalisation** is **inevitable**, it should primarily serve humanity rather than the interests of **trans-national** corporations. * 單字 * globalization (noun) 全球化 * (UK usually globali**s**ation) * the increase of trade around the world, especially by large companies producing and trading goods in many different countries * *We must take advantage of the increased globalization of the commodity trading business.* * inevitable (adj) 不可避免的 * certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented * *The accident was the inevitable consequence/result/outcome of carelessness.* * trans-national (adj) 跨國的 * involving several nations * transnational corporation 跨國公司 * transnational crime 跨國犯罪 > Our **race** has many **superior** qualities, compared with other races. * 單字 * race (noun) 人種、種族 * a group, especially of people, with particular similar physical characteristics, who are considered as belonging to the same type, or the fact of belonging to such a group * *Discrimination on grounds of race will not be tolerated.* * racial discrimination/prejudice 種族間的歧視、偏見 * superior (adj) 優越 * A superior person believes that or acts as if they are better than other people. * a superior manner/smile * superior to > Military action that **defies** international law is sometimes justified. * 單字 * defy (v) 違反 * to refuse to obey a person, decision, law, situation, etc. * *A few workers have defied the majority decision and gone into work despite the strike.* > There is now a worrying **fusion of information and entertainment**. 這句比較不直觀，看一下網路上的解釋: A worrying fusion of entertainment and information means that It is now very difficult to distinguish between serious journalism and articles that are for entertainment. [(ref)](https://plataforma.unitepc.edu.bo/answers/1191464-there-is-now-a-worrying-fusion-of) 這題的意思是，令人焦慮的事情是資訊娛樂化造成無法分辨真實資訊與單純的娛樂訊息；例如，新聞追求聳動與娛樂化的報導方式而不是忠實呈現資訊。 > Controlling **inflation** is more important than controlling **unemployment**. * 單字 * inflation (n) 通貨膨脹 * a general, continuous increase in prices * rate of inflation * high/low inflation * unemployment (n) 失業人數;失業率 * the number of people who do not have a job that provides money * *Unemployment has fallen/risen again for the third consecutive month.* > “from each according to his ability, to each according to his need” is a fundamentally good idea. 這句引用的是馬克思提出的口號，中文翻譯是**各盡所能、各取所需**。 > It’s a sad reflection on our society that something as basic as drinking water is now a bottled, branded consumer product. 這句描述的是，飲用水原本應該是自然物資，在資本主義的社會卻成為一個標價商品。 > **Protectionism** is sometimes necessary in trade. * 單字 * protectionism (n) 貿易保護主義 * the actions of a government to help its country's trade or industry by taxing goods bought from other countries * *There are always costs in a policy of trade protectionism, which are paid for by consumers with higher prices and by the wider economy.* > Governments should **penalise** businesses that mislead the public. * 單字 * penalise (n) 處罰 * to cause someone a disadvantage * *Some of the players may, on occasion, break the rules and be penalized.* > A **genuine** free market requires restrictions on the ability of predator multinationals to create monopolies. 真正的自由市場應該限制跨國大企業造成的壟斷。Multiaitonals在這邊表示的是跨國企業。 網路上有這樣的解釋: Multinationals are entities that have grown and evolved over the last thirty years. They are made up of individual companies and brand that are based in different countries. As such, they often become dominant on the international market. * 單字 * genuine (adj) 真正的；非僞造的；名副其實的 * If something is genuine, it is real and exactly what it appears to be. * genuine leather * *If it is a genuine Michelangelo drawing, it will sell for millions.* > Taxpayers should not be expected to prop up any theatres or museums that cannot survive on a commercial basis. * 單字 * commercial (adj) 商業的 * related to making money by buying and selling things * *The commercial future of the company looks very promising.* * 片語 * prop up sth. / prop sth. up 支持、維持 (物理或抽象) * (物理) to lift and give support to something by putting something under it * (抽象) to give support to something, especially a country or organization, so that it can continue to exist in a difficult situation * *There were the usual bunch of drinkers propped up at (= leaning against) the bar.* * *How long is the government likely to survive without the US military force there to prop it up?* > Schools should not make classroom attendance **compulsory**. * 單字 * compulsory (adj) 強制的、必修的 * If something is compulsory, you must do it because of a rule or law. * *The law made wearing seat belts in cars compulsory.* > All people have their rights, but it is better for all of us that **different sorts of people** should **keep to their own kind**. 這個句子字面上看起來是，人類普遍有人權，但要尊重各國國情；例如說中國主張人權的定義應該根據各國國情，也就是說如果中國覺得拐賣婦女是國情，那就不違反人權。 * 片語 * a sort of 某種的 * a group of things that are of the same type or that share similar qualities * sort的用法 [ref](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/%E8%A9%9E%E5%85%B8/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E/sort?q=a+sort+of) * different sorts of people, 確實有這種用法 [ref](https://ludwig.guru/s/different+sorts+of+people) * keep to sb. own kind * to be done > Possessing **marijuana** for personal use should not be a criminal **offence**. ###### tags: `english study` `political`