# 容器控件
###### tags: `活用tkinter – 學習運用GUI`

## 框架
* 先試著弄出框架

from tkinter import *


root = Tk()
root.title("python-tkinter")
root.geometry("600x600")
root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

for fm in ["red", "green", "lightblue"]:
    Frame(root, bg = fm, height = 200, width = 500).pack()

root.mainloop()

* 結果

* 加上滑鼠花樣 :three_button_mouse:

fms = {"red":"cross", "green":"boat", "blue":"clock"}
for fmcolor in fms:
    Frame(root, bg = fmcolor, cursor = fms[fmcolor],
          height = 200, width = 200).pack(side = LEFT)

* 結果

## 活用relief屬性

fm1 = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = GROOVE, borderwidth = 5)
fm1.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 10)

fm2 = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = RAISED, borderwidth = 5)
fm2.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 10)

fm3 = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = RIDGE, borderwidth = 5)
fm3.pack(side = LEFT, padx = 5, pady = 10)

* 結果

## 建構內部核取方塊

fm = Frame(width = 200, height = 200, relief = RAISED, borderwidth = 5)

lab = Label(fm, text = "程式語言")
lab.pack()

py = Checkbutton(fm, text = "Python")
py.pack(anchor = W)

c = Checkbutton(fm, text = "c")
c.pack(anchor = W)

rb = Checkbutton(fm, text = "ruby")
rb.pack(anchor = W)

js = Checkbutton(fm, text = "javascript")
js.pack(anchor = W)

fm.pack(padx = 10, pady = 10)

* 結果

## 標籤框架
* 也是一個容器widget控件 :arrow_heading_down:
* 將剛才的程式碼修改 :point_down:

from tkinter import *

def prlan():
    sel = ""
    for i in check:
        if check[i].get() == True:
            sel += lan[i] + "\t"
    print(sel)

root = Tk()
root.title("python-tkinter")
root.geometry("600x600")
root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

labFrame = LabelFrame(root, text = "程式語言")
lan = {0 : "pyhton", 1 : "c", 2 : "ruby", 3 : "java"}
check = {}

for i in range(len(lan)):
    check[i] = BooleanVar()
    Checkbutton(labFrame, text = lan[i],
                variable = check[i]).grid(row = i + 1, sticky = W)
labFrame.pack(ipadx = 5, ipady = 10)

btn = Button(root, text = "check", width = 10, command = prlan)
btn.pack()

root.mainloop()

* 結果

## 頂層視窗
* toplevel的基本概念
* 類似於Frame，但它是獨一無二的視窗

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()
root.title("python-tkinter")
root.geometry("600x600")
root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

top1 = Toplevel()
Label(top1, text = "測試用").pack()

root.mainloop()

* 結果

## 做出模擬對話框效果

from tkinter import *
import random


def msgbox():
    msgtype = random.randint(1,3)
    if msgtype == msgyes:
        labTxt = "yes"
    elif msgtype == msgno:
        labTxt = "no"
    else:
        labTxt = "Exit"
    top1 = Toplevel()
    top1.geometry("500x500")
    top1.title("測試")
    Label(top1, text = labTxt).pack(fill = X, expand = True)

root = Tk()
root.title("python-tkinter")
root.geometry("600x600")
root.config(bg = "lightgreen")

msgyes, msgno, msgexit = 1, 2, 3

btn = Button(root, text = "點擊", command = msgbox)
btn.pack()

root.mainloop()

* 結果

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