Avionics Basic
NCKU ISP
Avionics 航電系統
航空電子 Aviation electronics
航電 Avionics
Avionics
Saturn V
Avionics including…
- Power: Providing a stable and clean power source.
- MCU: Processing data from sensors, Filtering, Navigation.
- Sensor: Collecting data (acceleration, altitude, location etc.)
- Actuator: Motor, Light, Speaker.
- Communication: Connect the vehicle to the ground station.
Avionics ISP32
Power
The power efficiency can be calculate by
\[
\eta = \frac{P_{output}}{P_{input}}
\]
Failure Power Circuit #1
Failure Power Circuit #2
MCU
A microcontroller unit is a cheap and minimal size computer.
Its main purpose is to collect data from various sensors and make the decision (open parachute, communicate with ground station, etc.)
MCU Price
Very very very cheap compare to CPU
Sensor
Sensor
- Accelerometer, Gyroscope, Magnetic sensor
- Barometer
- GPS
Accelerometer
An accelerometer measures acceleration, which indicates how fast velocity is changing.
Gyroscope
For measuring or maintaining orientation and angular velocity.
Barometer
A barometer is a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure
Pressure-Altitude Conversion
Pressure-Altitude Conversion
\[ P = P_0e^{\frac{-gMh}{RT}} \]
\(P\): Pressure
\(P_0\): Pressure at sea level
\(h\): Altitude
\(T\): Temperature
\(R\): Gas constant
\(g\): Gravitational acceleration
\(M\): Molar mass of air
GPS
Global Positioning System
Triangulation
Actuator
Is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system.
e.g. Servo Motor ,(BL)DC Motor, Light Indicator
Servo Motor - Parachute
BLDC Motor - Reaction Wheel
BLDC Motor - Reaction Wheel
Communication Protocol
- Wire Transmission
- Radio Transmission
Radio Transmission
- High-speed communication like real-time video streaming are using WiFi (2.4GHz) and 5.8GHz.
- Low-speed data streaming communicate via LoRa (433MHz).
Low cost avionics board ISP555
A low-cost board base on 555 timer IC.
ISP555 Features
- 9V battery input.
- Two timers for ignition and parachute/servo.
- Take-off decetor.
- LED indicator.
- No sensors or communication functionality.
ISP555 Introduction
There are 3 potentiometers on board.
- CntDown for the ignition count-down timer.
- Chute for the parachute after launcing.
- Servo inidcate the servo motor angle.
ISP555 Introduction
- TKOFF: Take-off detection
- RBF : Remove Before Flight
If you're instrested in Programming/Electrionics
More information on Github https://github.con/NCKU-ISP
and Our Website https://nckuisp.space