**Using OpenStreetMap and Wikidata to arrange river data in Taiwan**  Wikidatacon 2021 Wikimedia Taiwan/OpenStreetMap Dennis Raylin Chen slide: [https://hackmd.io/@wikidata-tw/rJZbfxYBF](https://hackmd.io/@wikidata-tw/rJZbfxYBF) Note: 逐家好，我是陳瑞霖，是OpenStreetMap 佮 Wikidata 社群的參與者，今仔日紹介欲按怎用 OpenStreetMap 佮 Wikidata，共台灣溪流資料整理好勢 --- ## Who am I? - Supaplex - OpenStreetMap :heart: Wikidata :heart: - Wikimedia Taiwan :cat: Note: 線頂活動的名號是 Supaplex，是台灣維基協會的理事，參與台灣OpenStreetMap 佮 Wikidata的社群 --- ## Taiwan Related Wikidata Property * School: [P7121](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P7121) * Administrative area, Code of Household Registration and Conscription Information System: [P5020](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P5020) * River: [P9170](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P9170) * Other Taiwan related Property: [WikiProject Taiwan](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Taiwan) --- ## OSM x Wikidata Monthly Meetup * Every month in MozSpace Taipei * Facebook [OpenStreetMap Taiwan](https://www.facebook.com/groups/OpenStreetMap.TW/) Note: 工商服務時間， 8月初9希望會解封降級(kàng-kip)，防疫第二級會當佇 Moz 工寮聚會，毋過無法度就繼續線頂虛擬聚會 --- ## WikiProject Taiwan/Water * [Wikidata:WikiProject_Taiwan/Water](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Taiwan/Water) * [Wikidata:WikiProject_Taiwan/Water/WRA](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Taiwan/Water/WRA) * Work with Taiwan Government, Water Resource Agency --- ## Rivers that are managed by Taiwan Central Government  --- ## River in Taiwanese Hokkien * Suffix of river 溪(khue，khe，khere) are very common in Taiwan * Sinic language, Hokkian Langauge used in Taiwan * Influence by Old Chinese and Middle Chinese, and some influence from Austroasiatic Language * River terms used in Taiwanese Kang(江),khue，khe，khere(溪), káng(港), kau(溝), khinn/khenn(坑) * The suffix Kang might trace its origin from Austroasiatic language, ex: Mekong(湄公河) Note: 閣來講溪流的語言 台語遮時常看著江，溪(khue，khe，khere)，溝，坑(khinn/khenn) 江這字可能是對南亞語系來的，舉例：湄公河(Mekong),後尾的河是傳到漢語區加添的後綴(āu-tuat) ---- [](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chinese_tree.svg) ---- ## Mandarin Chinese Water term * Hô(河) as suffix is influnced by Mandarin, ex：Keelung River, Tamsui River * Old Chinese *** lhuiʔ(水)*** means free from water, once it means just ***Yellow River(黃河)***, ex: Han River(漢水), Wei River(渭水), Zhang River(漳水) Note: 這馬逐家知影的河，是受著華語影響來的：雞籠河，淡水河 古早時代的上古漢語***水***是溪流的意思，甚至上早是專門講***黃河***的，後來變成溪流的通稱，舉一个例：漢水，渭水(uī-tsuí)，河伯獻祭的漳水 --- ## River and Taiwanese Hokkien * Khue-tsiu(溪洲): the land between waterways * Tshim-khinn (深坑): deep valley cut by river * Khue-thâu(溪頭): the origin of the river * Thâu-tsîng-khue(頭前溪): the river in front of you * lô-tsuí-khe(濁水溪): River water that is turbid Note: 咱轉阮較熟的台灣，來看覓台灣佮水有關係的名號，臺北有港墘站，意思是溪岸。 溪流嘛有唸做khue-liû 地號名有深坑，四界攏有的溪洲，臺北公館遮嘛有 溪流名有真台語氣的頭前溪，無標示音真濟人袂曉唸的濁水溪，苗栗遐的中港溪唸中港較有台語氣口(khuì-kháu)的，已經是溪的意思 --- ## Overview of rivers in Taiwan * the length of Taiwan Rivers are short * ele different between river origin and mouth might be thousand of meters in very short distance * full of water during wet or typhoon season, dry riverbed during dry season * problem of lack of usable water in fall and winter, espacilly Southern Taiwan * polution problem of rivers which flow through the city Note: 長度短短的 (tér-tér) 對山遐到海口懸低差真濟 水量嘛差真濟，雨季水大港，焦季會使焦溪面駛車 南部有欠水的問題 流經過市內的溪流有真嚴重的汙染(u-liám)問題 --- ## How many Zhuoshui River in Taiwan？ * Lô-tsuí (濁水) means turbid in Taiwanese and Mandarin * At least two in Lô-tsuí River drainage basin * One in Northern Taiwan * One in Eastern Taiwan * There are 11 rivers or streams have the name Lô-tsuí River Note: 有人會當共我講佗位有清水溪? 北部的金山，東部的小清水、大清水 濁水溪有兩條支流叫清水溪 計共 11 條 ---- ## duplicated names of rivers * have to know the location * detain metadata: which county, origin of the river * unique ID for each river Note: 到底遮的溪流佇佗位 愛有祥細的中介資料 上好是逐條溪流有唯一的編號 --- ## Where is this river？ We want to know more about river, first step is to obtain river basic data * Map-Google Maps * Look up at Wikipedia Note: 查溪流資料，看地圖，查維基百科 ---- ## Google Maps [Google Maps-Tamsui RIver](https://www.google.com.tw/maps/place/%E6%B7%A1%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3/@25.1154325,121.3869898,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x3442a5247f16a793:0x1d2228e30425e34a!8m2!3d25.1117431!4d121.4581599) No GIS data  Note: 逐家攏知的 Google 地圖，毋過干焦有基本資料，無線型資料 ---- ## Google Maps Links to search entries  Note: Google 地圖整合 Google Search 搜查，有出現維基百科佮官衙的資料 ---- ## Taiwan official Map survay agency [Taiwan Map Service-General Map](https://maps.nlsc.gov.tw/T09/mobilemap.action)  Note: 通用版電子地圖無啥人知影，是官方出的地圖，嘛會當參考 ---- ## Wikipedia Wikipedia ：[List of Taiwan Rivers](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8)  Note: 維基百科有台灣溪流的清單，毋過毋是逐个攏有條目，無條目的溪流干焦有簡單佇咧佗一个鄉鎮市區的資料 --- ## Government data * River code of Taiwan * Taiwan Map Service (WMTS) Note: 拄仔有提起河川代碼和通用版地圖，猶閣有經建版地圖，毋過傷舊的，和現代地貌差誠濟 --- ## The problems of River code of Taiwan 1. the list doesn't contain all rivers in Taiwan, just some big rivers and its important branches 2. There are GIS files only for big rivers, and ordinary people have no access of these dataset 3. Some rivers don't have detailed meta data Note: 官方的資料問題，干焦大港的溪流，佮大港溪流的支流(tsi-liû, 分流(pun-lâu)，嘛無溪仔的資料 較大港，官府有整治的溪流有 GIS 檔案，小溪仔無資料，一般人嘛無法度提著 GIS 資料 有一寡溪無完整的描述中介資料，抑是無開放予一般人看 --- ## Government and Communities work together to tackle the problem * Civil and government collaborate, with the help of OpenStreetMap and Wikidata community * Merit of government: have manpower * Need much more time to know what the citizens want * New tools from the community, ex: online database Wikidata and OpenStreetMap * members of communities come and leave Note: 公家(Kong-ka)，社群入來共同處理猶未處理的代 各有各的長處，官方有人力，有資源 民間有較活，較新的做法 親像講共共編平台提來用，OpenStreetMap 佮 Wikidata 毋過社群流動性較懸，無法度長期投入 --- ## data entries that databases could handle * OpenStreetMap: river code, Wikidata QID ** length, name in different languages, branch(main and branch), Wikipedia link * Wikidata: river code OpenStreetMap relation ID ** river name in different languages, origin, mouth, branch(metadata), link to other database(GNS, Geonames), Wikipedia link ** Taiwan Hokkian(Han character, PE̍H-ŌE-JĪ, Tâi-lô), Hakka(Pha̍k-fa-sṳ, Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System, Han Character) * Official data: river code, Wikidata, OpenStreetMap ID(planed) Note: OpenStreetMap會當寫入河川代碼，Wikidata編號，攏總的長度，各種的語言名號，支流(爸仔囝關係) ---- ## What do we want to know * The origin of the river * The mouth of the river * with basic data, we could ask some question: leisre space around the riverside Note: 對一條溪流，阮欲知影溪頭的位，溪尾海口佇佗位 有遮的資料，才會當進一步關心溪流的水質(tsuí-tsit)的問題，規劃予人的親水空間 --- ## LASS Community * Airbox: community-driven air quality IoT device * water quality * First show case is work on 頭前溪 and 鱉溪 * LASS work with the government: on-site survay to make sure the location of brach flow into the main river Note: LASS因為空氣盒仔所以予人注意，這改欲來處理溪流的資料，先對頭前溪來做，佮官方的人來確定官方文書記錄的支流流入主流的位是著的 ---- ##  [Commonwealth interview LASS](https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5115243) Note: 天下雜誌網站的文章，講到政府有濟濟單位，真簡單會變成管家己的代爾爾，失去跨部門合作的能力。政府有真濟公務員，嘛有咧做代誌，毋過權責分明，親像水保局佮溪流有關係，是管流入去溪流進前山坡地的水，一般人是毋捌 ---- ## Meeting and on-site survay  ([Link](https://www.facebook.com/groups/LASSnet/posts/2825612554356003/)) Note: * LASS瞭解政府會當作的代誌，猶閣有限制 * 瞭解各單位是按怎知影水的資料：親像講測量(tshik-liông)站 * 實地看支流流入去主流的溪口位置，比對官方資料 --- ## What can Wikidata and OpenStreetMap do? * cross link with each parties * Wikidata can link to OSM, river code, and cound extend to GNS, geoname * OSM link to Wikidata, river code * standardization of river data: flexable and activities of the communities, authority of the government * Taiwan Open Data website river dataset with Wikidata QID column Note: 共官府，Wikidata,OpenStreetMap 三方的資料鬥起來 Wikidata 會當串聯OSM, 河川代碼，猶閣有GNS、 geoname OSM 串聯 Wikidata、河川代碼 社群佮官方的合作，運用社群的活力，官方的權威性，推動溪流資料的標準化 佇Open Data網站官方河川代碼表有收 Wikidata QID 編號 --- ## Table of OSM river in Taiwan * Overpass Query [Table](https://overpass-turbo.eu/s/197C)、[Google spreadsheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1IOkECHL7Dnp3rrX-uCMKYqRPGFl0UXgDf3tGaKWj3j8/edit#gid=181957460)  Note: 目前OpenStreetMap遮已經共有河川代碼的溪流對應好勢矣，計共 1500偌條溪流 ---- ## OSM river data Tamsui River Basin polygon data  Note: 這是淡水河流域的 polygon 資料，OpenStreetMap 有真好再利用的地理資料 ---- ## Advanced Query River flow into Taiwan Strait or Pacific Ocean * [Overpass Query](https://overpass-turbo.eu/s/197L)  Note: data mining 來看覓台灣溪流的狀況 --- ## Wikidata River data-name  Note: Wikidata 有濟語言的能力，毋但收通行語，嘛有外國語英文，猶有在庄的語言名號 ---- ## Wikidata River data-location  Note: 位置(uī-tì) Wikidata 會當收溪流海口，溪頭的經緯度(King-uī-tōo)資料 ---- ## Wikidata River data-ID  Note: 大部份的代碼對地理資料庫來的，小數是政府開放資料遐的編碼 ---- ## Wikidata Query Service * [Query Link](https://query.wikidata.org/sparql?query=%23Rivers%20Taiwan%0ASELECT%20DISTINCT%20%3FplaceLabel%20%3Fref%20%3Friver%20%3FriverLabel%20%3Flocation%20%3Fopenstreetmap%20%3FGNS%20%3FGeoNames%20%20WHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%3Friver%20(wdt%3AP31%2F(wdt%3AP279*))%20wd%3AQ355304%3B%0A%20%20%20%20wdt%3AP17%20wd%3AQ865.%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Friver%20wdt%3AP131%20%3Fplace.%20%7D%20%20%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Friver%20wdt%3AP9170%20%3Fref.%20%7D%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Friver%20wdt%3AP625%20%3Flocation.%20%7D%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Friver%20wdt%3AP402%20%3Fopenstreetmap.%20%7D%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Friver%20wdt%3AP2326%20%3FGNS.%20%7D%0A%20%20OPTIONAL%20%7B%20%3Friver%20wdt%3AP1566%20%3FGeoNames.%20%7D%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22zh-tw%2Czh-tw%2Czh%2Cen%2Cnan%22.%20%7D%0A%0A%7D) * 1636 rivers (included man-made waterway)  Note: Wikidata Query Link，計共有1636條，其中有包括人工的水體，發現講猶有真濟溪流猶未畫到 OpenStreetMap 資料庫內底 --- ## Open Data with Wikidata * [River code list](https://gweb.wra.gov.tw/hydroinfo/ExDoc/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E6%B2%B3%E5%B7%9D%E4%BB%A3%E7%A2%BC(110%E5%B9%B4).pdf)  --- ## Future Plan * add OSM relation ID to Wikidata item * combine with Geonames ** Cebu Geonames data * National language of Taiwan: Taiwanese Hokkian, Taiwanese Hakka ** Which name: Pinyin or Traditional name ** Ex: 淡水河 Tamsui He Vs Danshui He * English name Note: 未來的計劃佇 Wikidata 遐愛加添 OSM 對應的關聯資料，這馬是有猶未共 OSM 建好的關聯加著 Wikidata 項目遐 國際上有一个地理資料庫叫 Geonames，嘛會當加添入來 各種語言，毋但本土的台灣台語，台灣客家話，猶閣有英語方便國外阿啄仔看 --- ## Thank you :sheep: Q&A - [GitHub](https://github.com/Supaplextw/) - Supaplex: [Wikidata](https://wikidata.org/wiki/User:Supaplex)，[OpenStreetMap](https://www.openstreetmap.org/user/Supaplex) - [email](mailto:dennis@wikimedia.tw) me * [Wikidata Taiwan](https://www.facebook.com/groups/2212207218990971/), [OpenStreetMap Taiwan](https://www.facebook.com/groups/OpenStreetMap.TW/) Note: 提供聯絡訊，歡迎來揣我