Đề cương ôn thi học kì 2 lớp 12 môn lý chi tiết

Kiểm tra học kỳ 2 môn lý cần ôn tập những kiến thức nào? Mời bạn cùng tham khảo ngay đề cương ôn thi học kì 2 môn Lý 12 chi tiết của VUIHOC dưới đây. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img height="344" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/14vht3OU11vbq87lIIUbTPvh06Jsf45MbGw_-iahWTbClVzJYf_Upbm1VruhUK3NAHtGLrYOEWrjooqlqmp9nD4K4Z9nhsd65lAio9n4HD5BJttVMEMlWjhsEte7u5iDtLqJ1yUhKJjDcqUjgj5CVU8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="602" /> <h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">1. Ôn thi học kì 2 lớp 12 môn lý: Dao động và sóng điện từ </h2> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a. Tần số góc <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \omega =\frac{1}{\sqrt{LC}}" height="50" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/_CN-6KqfNwnMPeAC_h6UKfGPjAjRoxsyVI3euoRrJbzDZBWBD5eCf-yIKvQ3GDvlkr6tKfjpKrwP0HlrKXaB_dK8gm782P1bplFmYbVSErg9rPJQOCS08dcwNBtDxjIuMKh1DPti5dB7m7o7DDgR5RE" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="95" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">b. Chu kỳ riêng:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large T=2\pi \sqrt{LC}" height="22" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/ENMEiqmxfsB82EfPk_EKiGjzlRALjrl7Smz2UG011G8kIrayaYFFY9J-gDpzbCHayMrYgrCPLk8IB4zB9lqrJZAZZlQomox9gdXJpbGjSI9siLizXgG9UAeHmaO8N1XErSH575Z4Az2N8eOOkENlGLY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="119" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">c. Tần số riêng:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large f=\frac{1}{T}=\frac{1}{2\pi\sqrt{LC} }" height="50" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/aaro2KaOnhJMy689uaYne5qBi-wYVZzacI55jeXPxWaYWcc_o8D0nL_s9t506hFtJDXn73TG3DfemVKfHJPYtJBRbNtFAAIZak_kc7skA5zk6FQS0hPnvRXKwic7QqjkB6TV5jQdWmHDwjRMRshm-B8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="165" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">d. Bước sóng điện từ:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \lambda =c.T=\frac{c}{f}=c.2\pi \sqrt{LC}" height="44" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/tEQygv5fwKPnaACdEyBV5IxVkh8Etz-uRCfNX98_jvTRiNZ0DI-kPtn-v4IHC6i9eypQuDD-v9mGAwBRalxNPK8Yqz5zghC167rmEt8Iln5qIQpZFqcAEyIr5iwdgt4S5dvTj_Q8L2ncVUujDvpjgz4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="235" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Với Cs = 3.108 m/s: Vận tốc ánh sáng.  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">e. Năng lượng mạch dao động:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng điện trường:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W_{C}=\frac{1}{2}CU^{2}=\frac{1}{2}qu=\frac{1}{2}\frac{q^{2}}{C}" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/bzqFKiUT_pe2KumjIyV5bSaspQFuyB-O-gvkZToAOV2BZPdAmfKPDi9H8445GksE-srmyBEjQJrllbKgizK9-xSilDTSphZBUE-ky81CSFvwvpMEXooK3gEAWAPqSR9y1CYBfcgODm_lz9xShOaBTLA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="247" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng điện trường cực đại:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W_{C_{max}}=\frac{1}{2}CU_{o}^{2}=\frac{1}{2}Q_{o}U_{o}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{Q_{o}^{2}}{C}" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/z499NBDm9yZHU1ZoZaFkycfWmWbN4MSIBFLNz4OhL-fOb-seoY88sIszzCu-WAvbwGeRGmbVArj3QLvXFgyf0vv2mogeurwLNakdcYQQYooygiz818l94RMGYtm0WO-SUxdh5FEaK0L0EvYJDC3oZRI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="304" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng từ trường:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W_{Lmax}=\frac{1}{2}Li^{2}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/mppd0QvfcbuhcJ32LJVXnx1C3QPcl_p_6D0TTZzCSNzvDqLhIh7B-_6GurEgXU74msHAsECnWZtOCZ6Wsbbffrg2PQmjna2kQ0IS_Px_2scj7o6Ba5O5_d9h2JlXGaSNyRrfGeFIigrblVL1f2nPCaY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="133" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng từ trường cực đại:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W_{Lmax}=\frac{1}{2}LI_{o}^{2}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/qMZXJYoaGpP3lr693YPCP7WLwBzgKqE9Opy1oIbtfjCMXsu2wLrRI32FkNwVgJWL76kV2bnCecXE3ZydZl9S7hhtYH51o6qxzYaOi6digp7O-pY1jxB8p4skS8gx3IZxIBRe0BpOVdHCTuf4pYtvSHM" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="137" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng điện từ: W = WC + WL  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W=\frac{1}{2}Cu^{2}+\frac{1}{2}Li^{2}=\frac{1}{2}qu+\frac{1}{2}Li^{2}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{q^{2}}{C}+\frac{1}{2}Li^{2}" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/IkYdcMfaKgu2v_9AMYVUA1d8i8X247pybW26DPqsPXxb46yQ5UGWN3ilKXlR7APayYtOjlcK4PtNsd_95Zn-nfFebL2ZXa_I5SHulkDkguvpiad4uk8Rv8ZiDixsg0eEZpT929RrPXN8XOGDoZT2kI8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="447" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow W=W_{Cmax}=W_{Lmax}=\frac{1}{2}CU_{o}^{2}=\frac{1}{2}Q_{o}U_{o}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{Q_{o}^{2}}{C}=\frac{1}{2}LI_{o}^{2}" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/dwkRNqpZxBL-u2swtQhxNEVWR-HKCYFwJoWJADlqCCvk9RKWfB9SiAOI_y9Qt10rG4IrSSzZeu4e0ZEZ9lZtYooF8RNL1u85lLvep5QgAjSPoFAVBl5oZYKCHyeNLjC967R-_M1uHhrWT3_olKllEuY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="558" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">  <h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2. Ôn thi học kì 2 lớp 12 môn lý: Giao thoa ánh sáng</h2> <h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2.1 Ánh sáng đơn sắc: </h3> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img height="220" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/6JvUs7xZdhACekYgtT0ZQSxYA4JPwv3S0M1AfvXbiKVcn1HPT2yFMuhCNW-KUDkUHkZZPbMeQhPvi0k20v9WkP9K0LuzSeHHQjrPajIhcwjvsdONoMqIG5FjYOgF0hjwXj2to23bCbU3rLCk2I4j3as" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="271" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ta có: a là khoảng cách giữa 2 khe S1 và S2 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">D là khoảng cách từ 2 khe tới màn <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \lambda" height="16" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/AihUs6duM3SHkRQGeQ-aUUECGrdtwneJU_QmsTaTG3BNvgJAJUg4Ilb_opfWnOl5eioc4unspf9MRse2hdF8S9TY8LXtnQn59xrmP8q37yDgsYJvQ7MHysW2QQffb70hNfWsipKbsdhDQ4LMJjLgK1M" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="11" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> là bước sóng của ánh sáng kích thích <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">x là khoảng cách từ vị trí vân đang xét tới vân sáng trung tâm.  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Khoảng vân: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large i=\frac{\lambda D}{a}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/zpwY_JcMLsct9kMs6ZVCKGYugKt5T-gOnXtW6SrKMusDxeXF13yzjJD65Z-lc5zSquIAfOuSjhmfom2ldp-Gr_dM008OY9MTo5SEIEbMfhrPOyIRzup4I94Y_Xs3CRgFDjW0AjFf87xEOiHhfWm_Yxo" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="69" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Vị trí vân sáng: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large x=k\frac{\lambda D}{a}=ki" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/5VjEWd_2SZDSEFR-9K2rbftNHFjtW0LWwFvMgjA-HQkczJhWIddzMQXLXzdbUWo5MwafHs8ew1tMPjsIOWkfIq_cmDbIH6nEH-U2KxTv_J5gXQJGsG-vDY8QFp7HvwDC3laSs0qX6zeS0VQQNiPykuc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="136" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Vị trí vân tối: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large x=(k+\frac{1}{2})\frac{\lambda D}{a}=(k+0,5)i" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/ZhoCexhGOQRUNgB_uZcXJ3RUA4kEKMXAjT4oibEoRsb1ZwEehMM5qxjMvZH2_YkaUaMBGgzYDRL7m5WhyewdNre5Fp3eJuCmS_P6NCO4u5z_Os77EGbEC4juiiOJU5yHmf8XLMPtvyktsP4XLRqtW2g" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="267" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Khoảng cách giữa 2 vân x1 và x2:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Cùng phía: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Delta x=|x_{1}-x_{2}|" height="23" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/HUuAy_iWt08KH4UxTTnJn_g5p4QpAZIDSNA4XFkwBMVnMX3xVJAKrlouIR3ib4PfBpKN2XkIsXdSFnbo5irHNupW3i8BxPpYxrczEM82EHHVF3n3SeLNXnA9EsicWvDdrBTRSyQvVWTITQJjHP2WN8Q" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="136" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Khác phía: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Delta x=x_{1}+x_{2}" height="20" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/M32xWq_fZt8B39eWoXOS-VpB1_E7bDEYV5AtT91IGyj6vOZWwQJI7CCz98TzH5CDngyxMAkW6IFYNpoJ09Z10KnfTJpB2ZFnEsiLzKpx3sG9MGJM5fg588VvjDdxpEZ-7SsyDrzsonWbJr2eL4IazNg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="124" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Xét vị trí x cách vân trung tâm cho vân gì:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Vân sáng tứ k: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \frac{x}{i}=k" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/RPQHNQvMtmKkhNHRsXLCOHz_5rl3g1KxS9deLsz_UZY8QkME_K3sMsU2_loM6aBcnND_Ehgls1G_5NWtKtfPfRiydo9yclicRBpU1cqgfv2UdwyotBm7BjhmUXoKaYwUUOgtOVQROg8sk8pPEzcOmS4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="54" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Vân tối thứ k+1: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \frac{x}{i}=k +0,5" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/3ZUmcumI0RSW2MLxTUigTeoRmoYoQkgYXKfnL0_I2dTD8uvyx9FWe2mKmPD-aSVyPAzqpZgCGMyE--2YdxQTdOhmSyXXLsrsQHRWyw-yB8H3LhOH7yF6iFd90Mj-jshNCh0kroTOS6cWM59vkZAYsG4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="112" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Hai vân trùng nhau: x1 = x2 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Tìm số vân sáng, vân tối quan sát được trên bề rộng trường giao thoa L:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Số khoảng vân trên nửa trường: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large n=\frac{L}{2i}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/mI1Wkix-Viqf6ucioL84DRjPhp__8dxCJu6UIJ98QtL2MlNtcP5Kfc2s8ou6UYLMmvLgCJAPBh9LmI6Lh1NTO4gscXkGGJEY3wjvishM9waGLaSyjeP1OD8pUg5ESH1IVSaL0nZogYd6gyqkVufsuG0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="63" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ns = (phần nguyên của n) x 2 + 1 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Nt = (phần làm tròn của n) x 2 <h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2.2 Giao thoa với ánh sáng trắng</h3> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large 0,4\mu m\leq \lambda \leq 0,75\mu m" height="20" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/WA9RXRzzwW6ppk6PKt5QWFsHifwQxnkpThHTWeBR-QR_yLda5AIMb2No6QnMDYfG2ICICeOlRT-KQZMaKKS7gkU78utbKvhs__F3aswZ01CA_CiOQASeG6gG3dNjoYuy1UC6dCxEq3IlNd91kcS8-sg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="208" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Bề rộng quang phổ bậc 1 (với k = 1) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Delta x_{1}=x_{d1}-x_{t1}=k\frac{D}{a}(\lambda _{d}-\lambda _{t})" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/jVJ574hNRqD_TSlXS0MIQt06_5HF1DSBrDfl9vwW5K0Fjld3puxs-9w7ztSg4ur2Z4u43CxhueQ309dTcIgS5G3BuSCeMwELxDJTMKGx4__Rd3RXBWcievaEuNPbkgpTJaXCz2c0Ct6BBeAj2xDpF9w" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="293" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Bề rộng quang phổ bậc 2  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Delta x_{2}=2\Delta x_{1}" height="20" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/zO6Q7TVhgZWRTAYgw7L1wXCszIUnsgPM5ObpCMKdh2QtLfu_4LqB47JfyRCtUGKLq6iP1bIrihCnnFcMFY9zxJ2JIMJbJFDMZED8SoJFyQFAtVw92nplINKelv57tsV6MPVLw0xHBZKDZXMnIeiGzVE" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="115" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điểm M cách vân sáng trung tâm 1 khoảng x cho bao nhiêu vân sáng, bao nhiêu vân tối:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Tại M cho vân sáng: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large x_{M}=k\frac{\lambda D}{a}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/TP02z6mAflPIVfntbo6Bib_i__GRybluDG76WtKvo3EjkJSy-CrsgOgCI8tdw0NeaEoc8ajoZEjG-9JCjgGn2alXezjJoVR7-Ef48SqZI48sNBozU8zy4tY4L4F3r5dtyAtYBkc6Bp-A21wc-cgZBfk" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="103" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow \lambda =\frac{ax_{M}}{kD}(\mu m)\Rightarrow 0,4\mu m\leq \frac{ax_{M}}{kD}\leq 0,75\mu m" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/WxLeLl7AeBNlp3O2QQ0rpJe9tytJ4Qx8xzASkgJmh16EAswZRgcl8OpUllhTWuxl_nbTXtIzR4XeJWRCc6AvCie9t3W-4KDjUZksPvl3ndJXSYCvnG9vxxUHq5r_tQgwkWaiwyQz55cGiNQld7q938s" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="435" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">=> Các giá trị k (k nguyên).  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Tại M cho vân tối:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large x_{M}=\left ( k+\frac{1}{2} \right )\frac{\lambda D}{a}" height="53" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/xjIVUdyadZgvNOFRP5bO3PADlGoKBiXGNJq-s3Wa5iGYeLu2KiOVAurpT-f5i6Tc1noG1IVr8w2aOboFdAOJ7LrhWOiEN5MAtw4O8XEeAYqYy7P74i4ktIEcMqZea7145UkuFI9k7hJ6ZvgC9JM5axY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="180" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow \lambda =\frac{ax_{M}}{(k+0,5)D}\Rightarrow 0,4\mu m\leq \frac{ax_{M}}{(k+0,5)D}\leq 0,75\mu m" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/pg6xQvsXNz9eWL4cYK2Mi2UGKjpOfge8rG07MT1p0VPvF6-6L3r6dQRFuxT50XGk3aTjCnQvs3ZiaKKBmyDXqKUu0cqFmMtgpoV3A0Si1XhkKL9lEOysD6_SLPrJt4PgxGkLPpvHErHfq_Ol-BAnuaY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="515" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">=> Các giá trị k (k nguyên). <h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">3. Ôn thi học kì 2 lớp 12 môn lý: Lượng tử ánh sáng</h2> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điều kiện xảy ra hiện tượng quang điện: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \lambda <\lambda _{o}" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/WxmYttoOX402iLwGrcYo3os7WB8kyGQYup-RRkXKuhDIkaMnXEqWyde_ddMPlfRtwk1MT-UfRfQJ_A2dP8RlPrO11TlEd9usom3voWXGZeRwU-GAWLcOv5iAJgxPzjNC88phGc6aq8gyUWPSIg-SyvI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="62" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, trong đó:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \lambda" height="16" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/HEUfH7sBSHRj2ryHdITV0vdSduWws3y_lepPGmxD18PyWxkEEx9ZsB3Tp4qlW4dvuMXxPfTewoNQhJm5y4znN-ZkZ_Pf6jb6vvk5Cf49iTBQFDUU2WshwYIq0mmtBc_mD28_Ji3wO4H-IMlAl-fYCEU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="11" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">: Bước sóng ánh sáng kích thích <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \lambda _{o}" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/_mhKtu2UckPPpu54z9O5NNebYUdodYV7qLZXEcWhxENg0wovyWwB6qNSzZ3WgN3x3-kroc4y1ARvRW97GlIpj6x1YiWs3Sn78iPBzU7L8Vq6QuzMayDLSjGWP58F_zm6XU20jiqyfM1jQ-QjTF_WQF0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="20" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> : Bước sóng giới hạn của kim loại <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng của photon ánh sáng:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \varepsilon =hf=\frac{hc}{\lambda }(J)" height="46" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/wsGsMT60RNvPq34okSh5hCeIkrZRfToXchDjvUN2sTSBm-Qx4ClUHgMlxjrGn5ABZdhYbAkhTfJk4A8TDfXLZHnihAwmP7o5gQETkZvBhh4VqJ2E0BUsGGv6yYGrwTvE_HnAaccjiCdQYvTOJjy_cVw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="148" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Công thoát của electron:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large A=\frac{hc}{\lambda _{o}}(J)" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/aEdLwGGALXqIzRKwKiuIwCigOzj6jCSt7o7NzzP_bOsHeHqR-cr9m4q5iAC--OIN_JEbNTY36x6mR4RMf-thnK3dcSvxBwdj2vL-ERMNhS8C-nJWVYUqN-dRSze_-iFwsKgB8wx-VwbeZWoOoQjFC90" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="100" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Phương trình Anhxtanh: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \varepsilon =A+W_{d_{o}max}" height="22" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/E_lsbTWaNGyvq-q3JHUmus-rsXoWiR5LzuCDZclJK-TokJekAfUaGqlmXMmRzu6bnqvTZuexIsRVonhr64Sk4JDljVBVvJJUzrr6J3QkpJ8-VVpl_xSgMZemhenbJSGBfg1hdtbTy9XJBeQns5EuMj8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="146" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Cường độ dòng quang điện:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large I_{bh}=\frac{n_{e}.e}{t}(A)" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/swRiW80-a9fzzsZS8n6lyEIEjitZC7-A-j7SGSmoQazh9Vs4O52TNJMXySsBPW11RSAwt8hK9PG2PZ7lVredx6y34HYo9_YnMB2hvvgHTe_rzluukUSlJwSCfU_8fHhBnkE4nmb4cr-kRxY1oOgn4A0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="126" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Công suất nguồn bức xạ:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large P=\frac{n_{p}.\varepsilon }{t}" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/XtSP1dGPJ0j7RjuZe8flLf-OWTYJ5aaYKEfDizJocbRXAd6aqq94BAJGmHNObiQgzFkGPNveZYIlLTcNi3eDbFF0U9J68NtQfLkbtxecUuc0_B600pHqWMPP68JwTcde9IsEqvreTqL7K2UvunyF9IY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="85" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Hiệu suất lượng tử:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large H=\frac{n_{e}}{n_{p}}(%)" height="46" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Qrt7R7xjRkxcBEzAPcbnFzLWUmKOxbBT4dE_hRuoB9XDPJ8etQHjSFoxsEY4Iwd3FSdbC7XoSwElTALZ8txYfI4FgcxrI_2zWncvWhYIS-1eDFQ2MYfOhyoESvByyZyR5FumTxlEgeqFMcsL1IQnjpc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="105" /> <h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">4.  Ôn thi học kì 2 lớp 12 môn lý : Hạt nhân nguyên tử </h2> <h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">4.1 Cấu tạo hạt nhân: </h3> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Hạt nhân <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large _{Z}^{A}\textrm{X}" height="25" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/3ai1DZD-9Pizpfz84ampme-EhqxZrt9M-gA76wnILF_9f6Ex8jx2zLJsB9KB50tsiVLpWi5VE3gyF0Mb5lts8fQJKvUoJskniZWgb7R-HZ6st8cElOs5tmezh0R1q2P7w-iHPbI6vSdslflDYK7Y710" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="28" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> có A nuclon; Z prôtôn; N = (A – Z) nơtrôn. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Liên hệ giữa năng lượng và khối lượng: E = mc2 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Đột hụt khối của hạt nhân:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Delta m=Zm_{p}+(A-Z)m_{n}-m_{hn}" height="24" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/GMQVW_J43xXA5RY2RhDtUNiJ7sjivOmHdP_lYiGqzpF-kbSDsfm873NFQAQdn3If_ra3fSb1Bck9jY0-evMy7-toNvW3eMl7UgjY-jxOMZMqP8Y6cBnU-Kpd2WQa6F16OWnPXIbq2PGqzTrnXN6YvuM" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="303" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng liên kết: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W_{lk}=\Delta m.c^{2}" height="23" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/I6oZfMj8sUpQcBzBXQwG_Y7ZhA8N04IKPryH5WsShhoSJUuZRg4ZJrvlfM9Q8RC0fv5sz5JbO0vSD2fk4GedcKz1UaTmLnQVg9BEdKal1c_HgoF3PrcvComoeL9-ncU0fE7z673aQ3R7cHv-AF6YBCU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="121" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng liên kết riêng: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W_{lkr}=\frac{W_{lk}}{A}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/4OnRQRpoQ8ihdz5vBsi8IsC9fJNbsxD-BM7hU4EVKlO3qydns7r5a4oEGBguEGgA3ucFBwiO_a6_bD_lIP3V7AIevW7kCiAJmWwryiqT465kmzRhGC1x7Zn2QTW0ix0ffxrGTswRfhJVx8iofNfN0Cg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="106" /> <h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">4.2 Phóng xạ </h3> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Gọi T là chu kì bán rã, t là thời gian phóng xạ. Hằng số phóng xạ:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \lambda =\frac{ln2}{T}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/rW3zEzKfdG99uOxjqcMpTCe77VENxNZ8Pf1JmBJlY34xD4Q85gHX7meWaQpzLlojDdpoUE2QGrJF3MW0Rgvm4-fzLRD4V8QzgYPtftBi6SVdeYeiVrt0ILnHFW9QsYE-5XOY1f5iuYVYtUBy-Iuj4tc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="73" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Gọi mo: Khối lượng chất phóng xạ lúc đầu (g) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">m: Khối lượng chất phóng xạ còn lại <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">No: Số nguyên tử ban đầu <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">N: Số nguyên tử còn lại <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A: Số khối hạt nhân <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ho: Độ phóng xạ lúc đầu (Bq) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">H: Độ phóng xạ lúc sau (Bq) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large m=m_{o}.2^{\frac{-t}{T}}=m_{o}.e^{-\lambda t}" height="25" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/7RQKOJOgfOvNQgA9w247TmaJB-yV04_aK1S2gK5sR_OEb531XSyGhdagrHBkFZZ9W2kHM5akOgChw3vZBak55S6B_AXlrXlM3bvG-hbMLXOYSz_7nnIhH2O14EN6I7v9acC7JX3QRZ17YFeBsPNNAl0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="208" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large N=\lambda N=\lambda N_{o}.2^{-\frac{t}{T}}=N_{o}.e^{-\lambda t}" height="25" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/si0jjUGfvdvc42i6A_RvvYOEdXl3uDNvEmaLNfyJso9JwCAwIETsvwe2J_56f8l2UMSPFFKgbUbCncp3STzjYZdOwlkaDnl3JxhQUhxbB_oyTcP0EGby0FdP3U3279YZM_dIQsjiAgqCQQbWJKYghrI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="284" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large H=\lambda N=\lambda N_{o}.2^{\frac{-t}{T}}=H_{o}.2^{\frac{-t}{T}}" height="25" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/9touGDjlsm1RrNEVUJm75OoAeXDboI3rdcPmaejaMMMToNN0SdPxExtcjPwGRdb30VFcovzNXfHBFfbJEpG9slOGCZ009kZ6NofU5G6aanhuHTd-CEtcBCij3SORuAgZyUJXbG5vYKRhvhdUv8ElVXI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="270" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large N_{o}=\frac{m_{o}}{A}N_{A}" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/uMmPfCOyHweyVheO-nTdhzf2zJZm8lSXk8mxNphHI3KZRSnGMdLDCTVERniiqVyb1mN-jhJmlNjB2z2fyfN3SS-0NPwHHRcmjwee-x9HuSS9Pio1nwknirCmcJkDevaHx9cRPKzDCDRq8lvW4xqMzbc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="112" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Khối lượng hạt nhân mẹ bị phân rã sau thời gian t:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Delta m=m_{o}(1-2^{-\frac{t}{T}})" height="28" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/lZcBOuRt3xeifiXh7QvR9LcTeEhbqgNzwlECTi6iEZW-TIvP3zYWBcAakQH-cc-VdjWKyFI6vlCU33y5ULOKTgbjkGVyEjayOKq5SPmpWe3uasHhmLw44DzxpK-EQ8aDUT4SzJ9sIkGyoPU-3eQjJho" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="180" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Số hạt nhân con mới được tạo thành bằng số hạt nhân mẹ bị phân rã sau thời gian t:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large N'=\Delta N=N_{o}-N=N_{o}(1-2^{-\frac{t}{T}})" height="28" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/NkzzAWcXWqwTPJx9G95gXcCX1eAchKVmLbwzM_R_mxe1LD6jiErgT9zlSTDi_K0ugHnDRW_SPLYckm1-9hRMvAN_LFrkY5JtB-N9bvyZYi2cX0iMSJbwxt_j95rYcNE24n5aWTn5Wig7x-SPB1fveWA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="333" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Tỉ lệ hạt nhân còn lại: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \frac{N}{N_{o}}(%)" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/IvWH-WFatPRcBl9BOQKC7R8AR9sqXunC5SQI4Mhn1mMv4-kDkbf0cTEk-KDFQF0ZGcD9F8JXZLuF7svLzsv_p0t0grC8bkbMlvme3SuHADxMN8jc2gRkvfHK94qP1eD0TA-UkPa__l2Mns_g_n0SMSc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="60" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Tỉ lệ hạt nhân bị phân rã: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \frac{\Delta N}{N_{o}}(%)" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/XNO-BYr80-zwrU7CBASz0pq_yxpmyLoo0VDnyBFopSK4G2CTSPgvY3p2hnGfY_WVS5XY297PjpGBfWUZCUd5Y3gNszax-bWDse_GT10Gk_jNIPh4fV9JgGCAwoesna1XxYViilhr9kt3vBO4r9MuISk" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="72" /> <h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">4.3 Phản ứng hạt nhân</h3> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Trong phản ứng hạt nhân:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large _{Z_{1}}^{A_{1}}\textrm{X}_{1}+_{Z_{2}}^{A_{2}}\textrm{X}_{2}\rightarrow _{Z_{3}}^{A_{3}}\textrm{X}_{3}+_{Z_{4}}^{A_{4}}\textrm{X}_{4}" height="29" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Q4RJOoZdcSmWhAyMPxI45k5viIUPdNuwwFW0hAkbzVuiw1F8Sodobo4gWPNGfNJs9KlZI-PeezpxST1hkAntP03FpUkxVyQCn726MiBwo71DkyrBhfa91n9frfSFgbgk6WWfAsV8ajCyQY0DROHYsFE" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="261" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Số nuclon và số điện tích được bảo toàn:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A1 + A2 = A3 + A4  và Z1 + Z2 = Z3 + Z4 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Năng lượng tỏa ra hoặc thu vào trong phản ứng hạt nhân:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">W = (m1 + m2 - m3 - m4).c2 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Nếu m1 + m2 > m3 + m4 =>  W > 0 thì phản ứng hạt nhân tỏa năng lượng. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">+ Nếu m1 + m2 < m3 + m4 => W < 0 thì phản ứng hạt nhân thu năng lượng.  <h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">5. Ôn thi học kì 2 lớp 12 môn lý: Bài tập thực hành </h2> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bài 1: Cường độ dòng điện trong một mạch dao động lí tưởng có phương trình <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large i=2\sqrt{2}cos(2\pi t10^{7})" height="26" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Jlpzs95OK67msBw63cmATewEg717qpgTxCH7bu03fSyypWpbofqeXeuONbiNqB4kNO5o59a8j3u-YlOAHFzV182vUZwp0nzVT-3gp5tMnH5dZk4GQkeu3KlHnK-Nz_74DXBIPLcVQ_5ZM2VWt34R9nE" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="182" /><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> mA (t tính bằng giây). Khoảng thời gian ngắn nhất tính từ lúc i = 0 đến i = 2 mA là bao nhiêu? <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \Delta t=\frac{T}{8}=\frac{2\pi }{8\omega }=\frac{2\pi }{8.2\pi .10^{7}}=1,25.10^{-8}s" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/hcZoNaB-aBbH9AS1_FY9X2YGROc1L1nlps3KPzeF8bwM6X3KGf4yLzMNoMWMI6DjvazEhAdCT1jAL7MSeRFHkw9wNkYL80LrTI6k-lAdgvcqyxQv7GYc5ZhAO2HNsM9GkkMFkNKFvRCB4fAF5rSe6fA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="367" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bài 2: Đồ thị biểu diễn sự phụ thuộc vào thời gian của điện tích ở một bản tụ điện trong mạch dao động LC lí tưởng có dạng như hình vẽ. Phương trình dao động của điện tích ở bản tụ điện này là? <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img height="123" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/c4EIoa6C5FGWYtC5aLsjIWnp8ON3GLC_OnkX0vN85Tmi4fkcIw8yXTSlipa3XAWJDOsjZR30P_4YIsD-RSOVlTyIThYwkb2jB73VU2i6Ld36lzJKpbvEktZ-xRnVHxkofeRYtgYFrna_UTvRrE6FaY4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="209" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Dựa vào đồ thị ta thấy: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \frac{T}{12}+\frac{T}{2}=7.10^{-7}s\rightarrow T=12.10^{-7}s; \omega =\frac{2\pi }{T}=\frac{10^{7}\pi }{6}rad/s" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/df5VEGpM4Vva-g8f9jWAMw62FOo-HRnzboiBF20tIiEyKPmxWdLMSFD1Lazaw00JqdR9ONphCBNlgq5G1BnChhjmFAcz-8lMuUeZhMFjFPFJzOZxm_J49Hw7AWKgnExbnc6ucw2cUgqmswAqnZnZWyo" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="533" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large cos\varphi =\frac{q}{q_{o}}=\frac{1}{2}cos\left ( \pm \frac{\pi }{3} \right )" height="50" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/C9mA8cCKsHGIOUiZ1IouQVY16XaTkieIftOqm2iPxMP944YYpjXkn_Z80dEOlgLGxp4_OujcNpAY2qNIySMernWbvK5yzhbgVIx7-eO16fqUjoyX7Wc5tQD4eiEu4jI7krbEvCdfAWFg4tx5dK53HQI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="227" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Do q giảm nên: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \varphi =\frac{\pi }{3}" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/kTSrOPu5gN7RWHTPFJJa3svstST6kbiSwUgdL1jvI3PpFwvPFwYEGT1RJbdELRmkaHz4Ii8r4cCOUbtcwTdIHMQVpbOK-xy73Qd1zg9dbQns_qg66qdY9awl3XURUDM-aXk8MT8NByxcuYXCutlQ8OY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="57" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">=> Phương trình dao động là:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large q=q_{o}cos\left ( \frac{10^{7}\pi }{6}t +\frac{\pi }{3}\right )(C)" height="55" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/exK3xP5bg53nNDZGdqBMzV9Pgr4XxwE4_nmmq375CSZtMg58g8kvd90ypXjLdh9rrFuLqxPgW5R6UEhvOH9SbYc19oqgQxufS-YbPXVoaYzR3G-N3KBRpI4g-G21zWd0YssHmQS7IPJG2kxkDTDf7Jw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="256" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bài 3: Một mạch dao động gồm tụ điện có điện dung 20 nF, cuộn cảm có độ tự cảm 8 µH và điện trở thuần 0,1 ω. Để duy trì dao động của mạch với điện áp cực đại giữa hai bản tụ là 10 V trong 1 ngày đêm thì phải cung cấp cho mạch một năng lượng tối thiểu là? <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bảo toàn năng lượng có:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W=\frac{LI_{o}^{2}}{2}=\frac{CU_{o}^{2}}{2}\rightarrow I_{o}^{2}=\frac{CU_{o}^{2}}{L}" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/tLYETquvPOoFQ7oBrmla1vkpWK5H4yutHzSfcL6DjyLNmdC90C0AE_wJ6HqOs-MR3dRqCs1xZSb-NqptPWuWPvFV7pmBwS-tW561eRtAU6sO7yYm6-NTGsHbIEuQQGFPuSchMZduMLPFQNGRaulqL1A" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="291" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Năng lượng cần cung cấp trong 1 ngày là:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large W=Q=I^{2}rt=\frac{I_{o}^{2}}{2}rt=\frac{CU_{o}^{2}}{2L}rt" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/9LH1xOUsrJEGK4FAw_wKYw__X0faYLB8oNpbi50ejcGIS4uUuDIg1wWqZ_8V1s64hIcGcW44lPCvfVm316m0sPZ2NnsidDenhplakXbSuUKPJ6CfxYuFVNJ8PdNoQLjd6wCLKxgvKq4-WZN52Y7j75s" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="298" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large =\frac{20.10^{-9}.10^{2}}{2.8.10^{-6}}.0,1.24.3600=1080J=1,08kJ" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/E64-X7y3LFfbayIGNbbUWTi05xpKcxTUHTZb3OTEdkSGDUpqORS1U8dJPerrEWcK3Fs7SlCGGVnffAONKzBui3XwVXkHCnCrewl89sc_rOB9ekQDAsr-AS4LmXfoNVJFZIN9nMHSpNDkiH0YFtZZttA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="426" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bài 4: Trong thí nghiệm Y-âng về giao thoa ánh sáng, biết D = 2,5m; a = 1mm; λ = 0,6 μm. Bề rộng trường giao thoa đo được là 12,5mm. Số vân quan sát được trên màn là? <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large i=\frac{\lambda D}{a}=\frac{0,6. 10^{-6}.2,5}{10^{-3}}=1,5.10^{-3}m=1,5mm" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/_dwpuRSSTWzfJ6-64tT_sJRRZ3ntOQJIQXRSE8aUrAUfsbcL2rIyLVgayZDzpmKTYVE3AVIhfwbv9ws811uT40w5MuiOCAObEfskTTKEZlHWP0uVLq7PZJNQ8WvsvFES3_pgYDtQ8NpBuTY60kuxYW0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="444" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Số vân trên một nửa trường giao thoa: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><img alt="\large \frac{L}{2i}=\frac{12,5}{2.1,5}=4,16" height="50" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/M3F98ChsfCVqOeQMVmVIKwGcSNbYsh3weKyxX0ypXZw7eNdvhSmLRN-tOIWWmkV02bpbmFH23Lg98co0nlL8xVsPRBG469RFfHL_flCaM34wl0Ab72a6Eu4HMGcOH2bnJ-1OORJZ106DvvC9MpRKIeU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="170" /> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">⇒ Số vân tối quan sát được trên màn là: Nt = 2.4 = 8 vân tối. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Và số vân sáng quan sát được trên màn là: Ns = 2.4 + 1 = 9 vân sáng. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bài 5: Thực hiện giao thoa ánh sáng với nguồn gồm hai thành phần đơn sắc nhìn thấy có bước sóng λ1 = 0,64μm; λ2. Trên màn hứng các vân giao thoa, giữa hai vân gần nhất cùng màu với vân sáng trung tâm đếm được 11 vân sáng. Trong đó, số vân của bức xạ λ1 và của bức xạ λ2 lệch nhau 3 vân, bước sóng của λ2 là? <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Gọi x là khoảng cách giữa 2 VS trùng gần nhau nhất. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trường hợp 1: trong khoảng giữa 2 VS trùng có 7 VS của λ1 và 4 VS của λ2 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Kể cả 2 VS trùng thì có 9 VS của λ1 và 6 VS của λ2 nên <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">x = 8i1 = 5i2 → 8λ1 = 5λ2 → λ2 = 1,024μm (loại) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trường hợp 2: trong khoảng giữa 2 VS trùng có 4 VS của λ1 và 7 VS của λ2 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Kể cả 2 VS trùng thì có 6 VS của λ1 và 9 VS của λ2 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Nên x = 5i1 = 8i2 → 5λ1 = 8λ2 → λ2 = 0,4μm (nhận). <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bài 6: Trong thí nghiệm Y-âng về giao thoa ánh sáng, khe hẹp S phát ra đồng thời 2 bức xạ đơn sắc có bước sóng λ1 = 4410Ao và λ2. Trên màn trong khoảng giữa 2 vân sáng liên tiếp có màu giống màu của vân trung tâm còn có 9 vân sáng khác. Biết rằng 0,38 μm ≤ λ ≤ 0,76 μm. Giá trị của λ2 bằng? <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trên đoạn giữa 2 vân sáng liên tiếp có màu giống màu của vân trung tâm có tổng số vân sáng là: 9 + 2.2 = 13 (vân) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Gọi n là số vân sáng λ1 → số khoảng vân: k1 = n – 1 Nguồn chi tiết: [https://vuihoc.vn/tin/thpt-de-cuong-on-thi-hoc-ky-2-lop-12-mon-ly-chi-tiet-3526.html](https://vuihoc.vn/tin/thpt-de-cuong-on-thi-hoc-ky-2-lop-12-mon-ly-chi-tiet-3526.html)