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# System prepended metadata

title: Đề cương ôn thi học kì 2 lớp 11 môn lý chi tiết

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<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 12pt;"></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">VUIHOC gửi đến c&aacute;c em kiến thức trọng t&acirc;m, c&aacute;c dạng b&agrave;i tập c&oacute; thể xuất hiện trong đề kiểm tra khi &ocirc;n thi học k&igrave; 2 lớp 11 m&ocirc;n l&yacute;. Mời c&aacute;c em c&ugrave;ng theo d&otilde;i b&agrave;i viết nh&eacute;!</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 602px; height: 344px;"><img height="344" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Kel3Ut2o2Kr7Y4ybK75t85eozjp0J1xtSwyz0TZNoPTFV6KhWDPlWHxepNcWbEJN1bOJr6U5bhHZZCMX_JSy3g4uhbcnSix8nq9GKbDO5iscF6kft-T2wz_fCl4HptH42F7QQKS3r3YiMFMgLoU7k4U" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="602" /></span></span></p>
<h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">1. &Ocirc;n thi học k&igrave; 2 lớp 11 m&ocirc;n l&yacute;: Điện trường</span></h2>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">1.1 Định luật Cu-l&ocirc;ng về tương t&aacute;c điện</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điện t&iacute;ch được ph&acirc;n th&agrave;nh 2 loại: Điện t&iacute;ch dương v&agrave; điện t&iacute;ch &acirc;m. C&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch c&ugrave;ng dấu th&igrave; đẩy nhau, tr&aacute;i dấu th&igrave; h&uacute;t nhau. Đơn vị đo điện t&iacute;ch l&agrave; cu-l&ocirc;ng (C).&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Định luật cu-l&ocirc;ng: Lực tương t&aacute;c tĩnh điện giữa hai điện t&iacute;ch điểm đặt trong ch&acirc;n kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; phương tr&ugrave;ng với đường thẳng nối hai điện t&iacute;ch điểm đ&oacute;, c&oacute; độ lớn tỉ lệ thuận với t&iacute;ch độ lớn của c&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch v&agrave; tỉ lệ nghịch với b&igrave;nh phương khoảng c&aacute;ch giữa ch&uacute;ng.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 206px; height: 50px;"><img alt="\large F=\frac{k.|q_{1}q_{2}|}{r^{2}}=\frac{|q_{1}q_{2}|}{4\pi \varepsilon _{o}r^{2}}" height="50" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/cY6j2YoQ89bqwJs7DQ5ivtB6kgsIZeKo33js-CaIrpAfKVtMfmfgPZM4JIOwnHvp9ahDzw9URAZ1JrOErrhMuZk51hF_5qRVPfgQfr89pZ1eM3QZRH1mKlgFcpYh-xllGI4ZgohwfVS4lzWLF1rqtF8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="206" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trong đ&oacute;:&nbsp;</span></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;">
<li dir="ltr" style="list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap: wrap;">r l&agrave; khoảng c&aacute;ch giữa hai điện t&iacute;ch điểm q1, q2</span></p>
</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="list-style-type: disc; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;">
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap: wrap;">k l&agrave; hệ số tỉ lệ x&aacute;c định bởi c&ocirc;ng thức </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; text-wrap: wrap;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 84px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large k=\frac{1}{4\pi \varepsilon _{o}}" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/dEgpRaLjn98lPVFypCztQXFVcweWe0XSqu-C0hk3Ne0ZnLJ3nq-GmXB-4IquH_ujCeordLRTdWAZmsWjY_oVZ8uxe0_IYiR1KjSDQ1lyXo4WKyLIsBu7ayArP3Hc_WdAPD038c-XFtu50Y9nCchMUzU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="84" /></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">1.2 Điện trường</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điện trường l&agrave; dạng vật chất bao quanh diện t&iacute;ch v&agrave; truyền tương t&aacute;c giữa c&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch. T&iacute;nh chất cơ bản của điện trường l&agrave; t&aacute;c dụng lực điện l&ecirc;n c&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch kh&aacute;c nhau đặt trong n&oacute;.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Cường độ điện trường do điện t&iacute;ch Q sinh ra tại một điểm l&agrave; đại lượng đặc trưng cho điện trường về mặt t&aacute;c dụng lực tại điểm đ&oacute;. Đ&acirc;y l&agrave; một đại lượng v&eacute;c tơ v&agrave; được x&aacute;c định bởi biểu thức:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 74px; height: 62px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{E}=\frac{\overrightarrow{F}}{q}" height="62" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/JHKvv3K_kAev3v9Z35AJMwNGQ_f_f5n_1Cn2TJStqbJAdUv7LpDkhtMDOXasW6HUdDKLEwkcoOr5zVubMOnlH65WiDV_1QnrU5RLP5-xam2z77ybUHG7B-ABXVIUsGcIUdeLHEc_MAOIPvbnpz211wI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="74" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Đường sức điện l&agrave; đường m&ocirc; tả điện trường sao cho tiếp tuyến tại một điểm bất k&igrave; tr&ecirc;n đường cũng tr&ugrave;ng với phương của v&eacute;c tơ cường độ điện trường tại điểm đ&oacute;.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Cường độ điện trường do điện t&iacute;ch điểm Q g&acirc;y ra tại một điểm M c&aacute;ch điện t&iacute;ch một đoạn r trong ch&acirc;n kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; phương tr&igrave;nh nằm tr&ecirc;n đường thẳng nối điện t&iacute;ch v&agrave; điểm M, c&oacute; chiều hướng ra xa điện t&iacute;ch nếu Q &gt; 0 v&agrave; hướng lại gần điện t&iacute;ch nếu Q &lt; 0, c&oacute; độ lớn l&agrave;:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 182px; height: 50px;"><img alt="\large \large E=k\frac{|Q|}{r^{2}}=\frac{|Q|}{4\pi \varepsilon _{o}r^{2}}" height="50" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/3Ardq06SQ8teHhrkiT-2rfo1s2mTrWtAetRpX1698KFn8ncVMNstiCvtezNDPa_DrhjmQS5WgqiI8fi9EkLDnuKSXltdMMdsTSNSRDjbvb53reeGbdqncFyKXOwBkizW82uh7d9C2nBh4SCQVDd1B7c" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="182" /></span></span></p>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">1.3 Điện thế v&agrave; thế năng điện</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Thế năng điện của một điện t&iacute;ch q tại một điểm trong điện trường đặc trưng cho khả năng sinh c&ocirc;ng của điện trường để dịch chuyển điện t&iacute;ch q từ điểm đ&oacute; ra xa v&ocirc; c&ugrave;ng.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điện thế tại một điểm trong điện trường l&agrave; đại lượng đặc trưng cho thế năng điện tại vị tr&iacute; đ&oacute; v&agrave; được x&aacute;c định bằng c&ocirc;ng m&agrave; ta cần thực hiện để dịch chuyển một đơn vị điện t&iacute;ch dương từ v&ocirc; cực về điểm đ&oacute;.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 99px; height: 51px;"><img alt="\large V_{A}=\frac{A'_{\infty A}}{q}" height="51" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/_gv4bptiv9BeXSXkwoQhBsCdSWgF9CdFezTxnk1C96QrPQZl_OEn-ERsm9avpdPFSQ8fFww-gyM057kCWYPk-sS773sMU6q_HOhKUCjWKDkwbBJ9L6liPSVjjq2zwDlf7WilUnsAUMaHog_nnqmSgVc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="99" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Mối li&ecirc;n hệ giữa cường độ điện trường v&agrave; hiệu điện thế:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 64px; height: 45px;"><img alt="\large E=\frac{U}{d}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/dU--JBvmKmT30tt5KA5N5HEQp94l54Ewqzoy733nYvoRDYLOiIJkDOZCNM9fjUFPvG0AAWnXEZOEMBUsrh1NN3c3H3cATKEiXn7QTaB9HdTZ0lYY-oBofxlgRnmFpavtFgCSv5qeGUwG55sTYsC_uzk" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="64" /></span></span></p>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">1.4 Tụ điện</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Tụ điện l&agrave; một hệ gồm hai vật dẫn đặt gần nhau v&agrave; ngăn c&aacute;ch nhau bằng một lớp c&aacute;ch điện. Mỗi vật dẫn được gọi l&agrave; một bản của tụ điện.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điện dung của tụ điện l&agrave; đại lượng đặc trưng cho khả năng t&iacute;ch điện của tụ v&agrave; được x&aacute;c định&nbsp; bởi:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 64px; height: 45px;"><img alt="\large C=\frac{Q}{U}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/2fzzIfL3If59o1otfvZTzxOutQs0ZUWQZLwVopKefc7N6I8Cdz5Uig0aqn2Esuk5_vng76pGVQHdE4ZcgnYPH8jptHhIbT_TlDjh36ppdSP0zu8NGLmdrp0b8C2sZQDBEoEBJdbaSKba9VrfO5ODIvs" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="64" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- C&ocirc;ng thức tụ điện mắc nối tiếp:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 261px; height: 19px;"><img alt="\large U=U_{1}+U_{2}+U_{3} + ... + U_{n}" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Qw5sOxmCjJjRN036s9eJOiQhNmYRJVwxqk2xMg5kxApT0bfGAPA4MmqOSMAGtyexWtd8Ksx6DY6EfFAcnynUN5WfpmDFVtWkGjfZoveXO7vehXpND6PKtxDWOe3Jogk5LSHpadm6qsUZlnF4wnJPh80" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="261" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 281px; height: 20px;"><img alt="\large Q=Q_{1}=Q_{2}=Q_{3} = ... =Q_{n}" height="20" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/YjK2YDnO0Bp-j_IVFc0UCGg0JduWQdh4dcM5ejARayrG1dZ820n0PTLWS6YNekPoyS8czFy3sqFDPlGPqhBMBdTyhS2RNNx3p8eFMJUMlLmfBd4RettMTnmmal21AKBU3x0It216vKS-HkhIN0d1WA4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="281" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 227px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large \frac{1}{C}=\frac{1}{C_{1}}+\frac{1}{C_{2}}+...+\frac{1}{C_{n}}" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/adRA6THSx-0c1r4fD8OgvQnXbSgKuBpvcic_I3VcREqt1585sJdXcBwABfqWtLpmSvpQEZSBdt2FAQYyG6HJFaYaNWmwshB1RBShx-TxckXKnX0_kjScp4sYOPvN0IPTEjQZl_reHaGSpa_fA-A8v4w" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="227" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- C&ocirc;ng thức tụ điện mắc nối song song:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 271px; height: 19px;"><img alt="\large U=U_{1}=U_{2}=U_{3} = ... = U_{n}" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/U9Cxu9Vidt5zJeQR9-MI6XfUirkhWh6D3xys7vsbNfOLqLD7iqGHqocq1asDxPjtnnVQJIksp6BU-nhwdE63JQ5gUMIAAB6A_hyrg2HfBfbZmN4nSjNXSOuMXRLW0DTf64J9go_9dJ8rpjCJQg1iVoA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="271" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 271px; height: 20px;"><img alt="\large Q=Q_{1}+Q_{2}+Q_{3} + ... +Q_{n}" height="20" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/nmZeqdF1ULJXyL86NWGeru0Ho5YQanxTnL-bQKl7lINrAOHRZGmw39E6z8mB-azFA4YWJp_GUjnL75M5NQDp3WszBUIhle1N72xM7PzgYdjMnhZQiBxAdPCA-cDlKkktplYEDe3qOEI9Vo8le2IsTY8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="271" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 264px; height: 19px;"><img alt="\large C=C_{1}+C_{2}+C_{3} + ... +C_{n}" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/1kzk4nziO5wejzHrh3UNKMrNZzSAeHET10ODasntzBtjoHyopJVPYyGn_UBzA2KeZ_tYEUFrp5sNLnjLLprQWb5lI-9Ad-OZOE1Rp9B_HwybFSfdKPIJZmo4xxpvvEQrlUnhEwk8CDgDQ0IMsPAqr10" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="264" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng của tụ điện:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 223px; height: 49px;"><img alt="\large W=\frac{QU}{2}=\frac{Q^{2}}{2C}=\frac{CU^{2}}{2}" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/KQYDuxYKjXTxHwhSjZXu4rbPAytbdUbyTAug3Q2ifKncfcCk0-vseCxqYIZhwl5_KvxruWVDvIiMeLWB0qXTdgZtfV4aGpSzLv138l8znAPyuqq1UVKspFVGgZ70LB2M5C9msIGtHDNrtoN3pBLsUOc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="223" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Ứng dụng của tụ điện: T&iacute;ch trữ v&agrave; cung cấp năng lượng.</span></p>
<h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2.&nbsp; &Ocirc;n thi học k&igrave; 2 lớp 11 m&ocirc;n l&yacute;: D&ograve;ng điện kh&ocirc;ng đổi</span></h2>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2.1 D&ograve;ng điện, cường độ d&ograve;ng diện</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- D&ograve;ng điện l&agrave; d&ograve;ng chuyển dời c&oacute; hướng của c&aacute; điện t&iacute;ch. Chiều d&ograve;ng điện được quy ước l&agrave; chiều dịch chuyển c&oacute; hướng của c&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch dương ( ngược với chiều dịch chuyển c&oacute; hướng của c&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch &acirc;m).&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Đại lượng vật l&yacute; đặc trương cho t&aacute;c dụng mạnh hay yếu của d&ograve;ng điện gọi l&agrave; cường độ d&ograve;ng điện, được x&aacute;c định bởi điện lượng dịch chuyển qua tiết diện thẳng S trong một đơn vị thời gian.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 71px; height: 46px;"><img alt="\large I=\frac{\Delta q}{\Delta t}" height="46" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/C52ugDCJEp0on7ln_u5rz3RHeEAp0ZAbOzyEFt8XMl-ht18IvmRXfiMtjWfWy4HaVbRRIucSYCpDNuNVldHT5pN4CrhKEAguql3K3lH6PthB0-gMSC0nIaiJngQ8DJhGYTuZxMdPr-fgeuLeR4wrnCs" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="71" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trong hệ SI, cường độ d&ograve;ng điện c&oacute; đơn vị l&agrave; ampe (A)/&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trong hệ SI, điện t&iacute;ch c&oacute; đơn vị l&agrave; cu-l&ocirc;ng (C): 1C = 1A.1s</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Vận tốc tr&ocirc;i của c&aacute;c hạt tải điện tỉ lệ với cường độ d&ograve;ng điện chạy trong vật dẫn</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 92px; height: 51px;"><img alt="\large v=\frac{I}{nS|q|}" height="51" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/oZaKs99mFLmILeZyf48sjckMNsIJL92uqlOFZxVpNxN1kngXtFayuJYMRAA8gpy92C2ybO6UtFzR0mgAP1oBrVX0XlMK0Mplv4jF-8T6Qggf00TU_pYkWfKdgYRi9c3Z9qB1Aho7IhAj84BDHB5HnR0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="92" /></span></span></p>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2.2 Điện trở, đ&egrave;n sợi đốt</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điện trở của một vật dẫn l&agrave; đại lượng đặc trưng cho khả năng cản trở d&ograve;ng điện của vật dẫn. Khi hiệu điện thế đặt v&agrave;o hai đầu vật dẫn c&oacute; gi&aacute; trị U, d&ograve;ng điện chạy trong mạch c&oacute; cường độ I th&igrave; điện trở được x&aacute;c định theo c&ocirc;ng thức:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 63px; height: 45px;"><img alt="\large R=\frac{U}{I}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/LlSD4hItFtEdChCC3QbCuMJIJXxtkFRDdvmCvbVNVhLlHOcRiWJzaqgGD5jonmKT0o_kLVq3Dkl_vn7oewEEOkI-huJvPKnYTjsjQJ-8FbXrjXjAyXu-kgIIlwpYt5MiecxJB5rR5no4ZqKJ5EV_TR0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="63" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trong hệ SI, điện trở c&oacute; đơn vị l&agrave; </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 28px; height: 23px;"><img alt="\large (\Omega)" height="23" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/5v-gB9OdyCDcm5Cl-w9igxVKOS63YodpE3IgTYU7xJIXRbxl9x3CvSMhYYbO8MGDfuekxUhvclgGA4-WtXPVE8458oR6-9nOedE8HsCXF6TuqwWfRIzMpH4FLQNyDIL1dX8CU3WlZb08KXuwJjKt_vk" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="28" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> : 1</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 15px; height: 15px;"><img alt="\large \Omega" height="15" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/sFckOmOeET55cHB-VRlxNLf5TgcpCtFEQ5FQ9mjh14oR43dEyr8bZhkSEkDf11-qC-qYc7JxFveNEvUKi0OAGal2BQRja86Xl1_zFWYw2JKg3vUsJkaRUR3Ud0WJ7zcMCZJE88UdF_kMMPcgGqPx46s" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="15" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> = 1 V/A</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Đ&egrave;n sợi đốt l&agrave; dền chiếu s&aacute;ng khi bị đốt n&oacute;ng nhờ t&aacute;c dụng nhiệt của d&ograve;ng điện l&ecirc;n d&acirc;y dẫn kim loại. Điện trở của đ&egrave;n sợi đốt tăng gần như tuyến t&iacute;nh với nhiệt độ.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Điện trở nhiệt l&agrave; linh kiện điện tử m&agrave; gi&aacute; trị điện trở của n&oacute; biến thi&ecirc;n rất nhạy theo nhiệt độ.&nbsp;</span></p>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2.3 Suất điện động - định luật ohm cho c&aacute;c đoạn mạch&nbsp;</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Suất điện động của nguồn điện đặc trưng cho khả năng sinh c&ocirc;ng của nguồn:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 92px; height: 51px;"><img alt="\large \xi =\frac{A}{q} (V)" height="51" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/cl1L-iY-y-T5Cq1fIdZQOTtqokgzs8tMidfuVGwEGBrX8XhhjBtfNc6CpIbnXdaQ6ydDMe-KNNGOJLG1j0DRWcOkHiqlWZfx6i2MrH1iaMdot3nuIZ2eJjI9UeMNEhjpbq_lZUmZ4A_ITM9C6EkAzY4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="92" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Đoạn mạch chứa điện trở R: Hiệu điện thế U v&agrave; cường độ d&ograve;ng điện I thỏa:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 59px; height: 45px;"><img alt="\large I=\frac{U}{R}" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/POOSE3pMvmn1NjWV2pXTd31EkWmhNs4AmVJn07_qxlKfzcSszH_E7KcPYWnXzmr_vGcVVKcUd7_mMRK0kf7FtIkw56nR61a7eharW32fQEso9tEaYy9t4egwJCx7gRASffFntMzyRyR55T2FOR9BS2Y" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="59" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Đoạn mạch chứa nguồn đang ph&aacute;t d&ograve;ng điện I: Hiệu điện thế v&agrave; cường độ d&ograve;ng điện I thỏa:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 242px; height: 20px;"><img alt="\large \xi =U+Ir \Rightarrow U =\xi -Ir" height="20" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/fLiwO_w9jxcT5n-PjStM8wtMafe0nWoioRu-X4sizLN1OepkrRwpYu1KJHZSI_ltnMGBhDdzNO04gakqLcBVyw8cbMSCcHlIHdlHsjQCdOdh1yd5C4yR-6CoB7mTt-N9J4n5BYlS0adszJFrDWjeV_A" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="242" /></span></span></p>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 16pt; margin-bottom: 4pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #434343; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2.4 Năng lượng điện, c&ocirc;ng suất điện</span></h3>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng ti&ecirc;u thụ của một đoạn mạch bằng t&iacute;ch của hiệu điện thế giữa hai đầu đoạn mạch với cường độ d&ograve;ng điện chạy qua đoạn mạch v&agrave; với thời gian d&ograve;ng điện chạy qua.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A = UIt</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trong hệ SI, năng lượng c&oacute; đơn vị l&agrave; jun (J).&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- C&ocirc;ng suất của d&ograve;ng điện đặc trưng cho tốc độ sinh c&ocirc;ng của d&ograve;ng điện:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 160px; height: 46px;"><img alt="\large P=\frac{A}{t}=UI (W)" height="46" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/rj-OBG-bxHrFVpsqumxevdpVqg4jpDGnpafVvJiJstCVry_ikR4kaNFGzdZ9YWLiOcdeysSHL01kZDxCJnLt9mT-GzEligHHu1_hF59XgQyRntSASO1SR2iHwlCPb9WLHmxAMfs5xFkS7_G6ITuGLa4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="160" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trong hệ SI, c&ocirc;ng suất c&oacute; đơn vị l&agrave; o&aacute;t (W).&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Nhiệt lượng tỏa ra tr&ecirc;n điện trở R:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 219px; height: 49px;"><img alt="\large Q=UIt=RI^{2}t=\frac{U^{2}}{R}t" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/8IUqOFsy3SKPRpcGGiMhEE12sxVk1srH3F5rhrZy6-v7oW2iYOgS7a4fgN9ASFa7Ly07Zh1MSc4FlX7CF4mA6QqaM8dRjHPcvgIno4ZXzUlrAwydUDnaHi6uZQ_tUJSPJ5UGkSZt34rO6PAfe1SF2B8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="219" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- C&ocirc;ng suất tỏa nhiệt tr&ecirc;n điện trở R:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 241px; height: 49px;"><img alt="\large \wp =\frac{Q}{t}=UI=RI^{2}=\frac{U^{2}}{R}" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/ZnbGo-2dr-NJBfxGd3fWvUnC_7GJzP3eAE8pSCn53c917SH_nEsyeNBiG3mVq0s0aMDvoG-cHqwGwRfwnQODEGeCmAs3PuxMuHTGmagG0WPTtirBTuHXy8BKrvkE0nWMN1m4Z0_KtzxfWSdKJsZOjPk" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="241" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Năng lượng to&agrave;n phần của nguồn điện:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 212px; height: 25px;"><img alt="\large A_{o}=\xi It=UIt+rI^{2}t" height="25" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/4DxJZZe2OdL2Sxzhi31ykhE1HCbosFILv3wuxp10gqoHjQW800T7p4UjF3Gd79U_utg7ciU-nNX9Rniw7acktuDA9_mMP_v9X7VVv2bOWeFOEkoVa47znRbuKquIPp1LbxUvqBbYWpbxOWiSSog1UNA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="212" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- C&ocirc;ng suất to&agrave;n phần của nguồn điện:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 128px; height: 46px;"><img alt="\large \wp _{o}=\frac{A_{o}}{t}=\xi I" height="46" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/B9mspSbMZ5HHu8zXTUVDbkUAOcqyQhPoLeQUsx8Atz0qEkiat44Ejy_ukOfR7MILjqnOUl87en7ebGPT7EV56mgD8t67zUCApbdfnGAfmDV_9IkVlzOfuehqN-RgCjMXTx0zu2BA5l9YUKI09ezOqqc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="128" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Hiệu suất của nguồn điện:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 121px; height: 50px;"><img alt="\large H=\frac{\wp }{\wp _{o}}=\frac{U}{\xi }" height="50" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/NjPbJT4pZVpCqETOmw8dz5nWlbAyg7WB_GJhqOJ-y_JegInEgnms5ONJ6zOLjVhaVl06K3VpH7t2Sp79eT9KO0cbuOCDDqqolNvgjUSbM1P5GojE8cKeLIiXN8N1FEtD11TWDXVBAJBWSi9hNyScE8A" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="121" /></span></span></p>
<h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 18pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">3. &Ocirc;n thi học k&igrave; 2 lớp 11 m&ocirc;n l&yacute;: Luyện tập một số dạng b&agrave;i tập&nbsp;</span></h2>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 1: Một điện t&iacute;ch điểm dương Q trong ch&acirc;n kh&ocirc;ng g&acirc;y ra tại điểm M c&aacute;ch điện t&iacute;ch một khoảng r = 30cm, một điện trường c&oacute; cường độ E = 30000V/m. Độ lớn điện t&iacute;ch Q bằng bao nhi&ecirc;u?</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 463px; height: 49px;"><img alt="\large E=k\frac{|Q|}{r^{2}}\Rightarrow |Q|=\frac{E.r^{2}}{k}=\frac{30000.0,3^{2}}{9.10^{9}}=3.10^{-7}C" height="49" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/gpSO49uNq3Br_N_OooYAUISGh8mw1bat-IpYry42NuJCCrRqkZSZ5_aru1b5KRb77lNrBdToZAKbvFbfKd31oi9JOmhfwsWHUknnPlAZNuE3rlb-1OyusquwnaB6CkK0hbHs8Ms2pZmAab66hnV4D1k" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="463" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 2: Tại 2 điểm A, B c&aacute;ch nhau 20 cm trong kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; c&oacute; đặt 2 điện t&iacute;ch q1 = 4.10-6 C, q2 = -6,4.10-6 C. X&aacute;c định cường độ điện trường do hai điện t&iacute;ch n&agrave;y g&acirc;y ra tại điểm C biết AC = 12 cm; BC = 16 cm. X&aacute;c định lực điện trường t&aacute;c dụng l&ecirc;n q3 = -5.10-8C đặt tại C.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 195px; height: 207px;"><img height="207" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/n_rd-DrwkXzgmX_eibZ9eolxDDyHVx2-iscu42zkw_jjiZdxFGvqo2zLbACafjIW3gwcDAbZi_0BkqG259i6Pq8pdFz_foq3XoVWF5SKkkktgyRrv78SsyVmKPbcwFzfWqv1HO0hHXNWAO6mubgz5Mw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="195" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Tam gi&aacute;c ABC vu&ocirc;ng tại C. C&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch q1 v&agrave; q2 g&acirc;y ra tại C c&aacute;c v&eacute;c tơ E&rarr;1 v&agrave; E&rarr;2 c&oacute; phương chiều như h&igrave;nh vẽ, c&oacute; độ lớn:</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 275px; height: 46px;"><img alt="\large E_{1}=9.10^{9}\frac{|q_{1}|}{AC^{2}}=25.10^{5}V/m" height="46" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/_ibMRcyka12PeDcrigbQYQXrEwtgw857eLc6ENtUV6VxenpX2nZrlfHnzCiz5r4dnc9uRDpD1LKjUPcb4F6JsVm2bZQ9Sf2sQ_69mMBorqZqucDIePVXKXJ0oEeHqNKNmLn_se3gEc6DCqHEIDhmqpY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="275" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 297px; height: 46px;"><img alt="\large E_{2}=9.10^{9}\frac{|q_{2}|}{BC^{2}}=22,5.10^{5}V/m" height="46" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/KGY5fri2yOkYZCqmrpfNfi4YYrHeKA8aF_DHBxjrmfU-ZdPUvCF9aTW5C-SsAnGSYIyXq7rsoN0DYaOES3K5G5KyLLpYumDy2SlO1ixXwBEaIHoEhMKotZZFH8wXyKhGjQ93o8NZMutm115O9ptTeHI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="297" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Cường độ điện trường tổng hợp tại C do c&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch q1 v&agrave; q2 g&acirc;y ra l&agrave; </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 23px; height: 31px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{E_{1}}" height="31" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/XcR3zj36KHkC_136KnAhZwlpr_CRLzguR9vrj2VNYnCMyXyHG0JkHK4wfpL8swbhlw2QigOUKiS4yRZw9VSWtPBdDkw0FqazQfmOfVlxDELRp2bhHyebZJ6Xmxe6u59rQWtEWizaIzIkz3WcuT-0siw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="23" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> v&agrave; </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 23px; height: 31px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{E_{2}}" height="31" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/TZipLbF0zoyKsX_AmEy0SIzEX2Yu-9O9Jw-AXbTNFgKyKVh24DP9D9FMT7c_lX_W8HJMQM04iM2jatRFBRg6ZyFjAItoN3lBYniwXJe2h9tLCVKLOCGESN-VjIqnHC2WS3xki5XUNAgyBXwOWNJcNDU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="23" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">: c&oacute; phương chiều như h&igrave;nh vẽ; c&oacute; độ lớn:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 296px; height: 40px;"><img alt="\large E=\sqrt{E_{1}^{2}+E_{2}^{2}}\approx 33,6.10^{5}V/m" height="40" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/BwWx4teIIcq3ryKuCBsn7Lfpys8EqVJyTQvYvx0fyASycfTLf-hUkN320ACb1-5Akhwhw60v5PJtNjfs3QPX5CNQBzp9MHDw_dvAo5CTT1BcVfyKydAynG4FZWxJirKEiB3zdmIrlIZ1R__udAhGqSU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="296" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 3: Bốn điểm A, B, C, D trong kh&ocirc;ng kh&iacute; tạo th&agrave;nh h&igrave;nh chưc nhật ABCD cạnh AD = a = 3cm, AB = b = 4cm. C&aacute;c điện t&iacute;ch q1, q2, q3 được đặt lần lượt tại A, B, C. Biết q2 = -12,5.10-8C v&agrave; cường độ điện trường tổng hợp tại D bằng 0. T&iacute;nh q1, q2.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 356px; height: 228px;"><img height="228" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/og4Arq-nufub33urlz6wYRM3hIgm4I2EuLhTX6IEhred9GDMQePDInnvFN-SdzUsJauk16odinbrRjxoRIZqEcpQTrGl6959vzGGjC6y5RWVpdplL0BUQC7n2TfEIh0dGKpZV4_mcMrVEjoIvWSwqWo" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="356" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Vectơ cường độ điện trường tại D:</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 294px; height: 31px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{E_{D}}=\overrightarrow{E_{1}}+\overrightarrow{E_{3}}+\overrightarrow{E_{2}}=\overrightarrow{E_{13}}+\overrightarrow{E_{2}}" height="31" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/VZVgu6674lnmGLSC5lHk9PxdMtJKu1rTPiUo6N3yhi3gs4UBfzNs3sLmnhuqOHaYAqKa93HkFhK3IPVCv8MX1jCg3uQIdxbTBtxOtDxJlfjgMXsLLiAjdX-a8M2KE4myYxSHsG_PGRQa4XwelkbXbDU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="294" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">V&igrave; q2 &lt; 0 n&ecirc;n q1, q3 phải l&agrave; điện t&iacute;ch dương. Ta c&oacute;:</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 223px; height: 19px;"><img alt="\large E_{1}=E_{13}cos\alpha =E_{2}cos\alpha" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/qG3Pz7Lwqrgb0IrKIUIDvs4yA2_g07CLEOLj6SR6qXrGjTQwl6XXXPwZWPTsHiydE5H85LrPQrUd5xLLertY49RtimH038UWKnDdDrc30S-7w1TdobxQDXWtapoM4jTmKcvm2Tt2K2TQPSdGeG5dQSw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="223" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 219px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow k\frac{|q_{1|}}{AD^{2}}=k\frac{|q_{2}|}{BD^{2}}.\frac{AD}{BD}" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/5LTAlL3F4WwzOaE2KSjJDEHsoTQKbGUSiCxvgDdYThBS_wTJmvjUIOWv5Bspw6kf3-w6YFM79rGh3s0Atf14LkIdlYeZKrobCXwj0CrwPJGya1dL-FTv0FTGHmpeSsZDKH0ZT-t9u1Jw3xc8F-j0v8M" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="219" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 379px; height: 57px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow |q_{1}|=\frac{AD^{2}}{BD^{2}}|q_{2}|=\frac{AD^{3}}{(\sqrt{AD^{2}+AB^{2}})^{3}}|q_{2}|" height="57" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/eUER3RWLdGjQDH5YNHyqvl2fdVH81N-1NeLx-j2OPDtAu41M8TQ_EQGvPEhYlo5mProBPj2CMf_NNRdr9Wr7rxc_NWMwElW7Wc9cAYnzGNOLoe9Es746XeODh1XTjqxhjwDpGfSzRz2c68ha8K6ZTBg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="379" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 359px; height: 57px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow |q_{1}|=-\frac{a^{3}}{(\sqrt{a^{2}+h^{2}})^{3}}q_{2}=2,7.10^{-8}C" height="57" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/onPKTcS48TtQJqU9kCEiu-Zr6lYKyW25vgQJRyrreALl2md01mryW6PVrvr1S8Zoqn-iWVEWEl-iiKLFs4NrRnqvzNT0XkTAFtZKaYa3oBQOnr0O-w3KH8Noxx1pUhF5JhJ_QD-ZhslA-_VXfYe_l6k" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="359" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Tương tự ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 236px; height: 19px;"><img alt="\large E_{3}=E_{13}.sin\alpha =E_{2}.sin\alpha" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/wXAiEiZgtGYTgdV0vd21Ka49UgvZsEpoTC56AheYQz3A6cfIwxwvkUwGiRRWjgk-capoeBGxm8MYIbnIvxuurMm8c05mNWsQcTfcMO9VId3EC5yxuQDEboZ7dulINH3u1VMaEXimKeOs3KtWZ33M1kI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="236" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 344px; height: 57px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow q_{3}=-\frac{b^{3}}{(\sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2}})^{3}}q_{2}=6,4.10^{-8}C" height="57" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/-5DqdngIdsRA3wr7WsSLsDGlgknwdGUdWwlt1_6fIL2NbLMyWXhipfD19-87hBrarJiMgLf0jIlHTkRn9tNyMrEQ8CK4Ldb6FQyjrfJA1bGEqpWwzqywMR1uDexQ9cNIAMrkxsvGJv7rB_BZKWZyZBc" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="344" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 4: Một quả cầu nhỏ khối lượng 0,1g v&agrave; c&oacute; điện t&iacute;ch q = - 10-6C được treo bằng một sợi d&acirc;y mảnh ở trong điện trường E = 1000 V/m c&oacute; phương ngang cho g = 10 m/s2. Khi quả cầu c&acirc;n bằng, t&iacute;nh g&oacute;c lệch của d&acirc;y treo quả cầu so với phương thẳng đứng.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 161px; height: 212px;"><img height="212" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/uhRzqS7gLJGWTGydhJb6C1zJapV5Y8ZNptXT54ZTxieVkmU3v6_JXjl3DifjffBiCYa2Sox2K34Gf71tOg2e_kvqmSTeXBSsEft5tiqYZ4ZLss7MUxcl7lt_RzGlZo3HhgzkAs8hDBBBqhHTGC0-uUY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="161" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 20px; height: 27px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{E}" height="27" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/iJ3ojhqWuEm4fdAIyWlqLOoovco2c21ngBPQ5WaI96FHhPFqwTxspEdm3t5mzKndNTcJKT8kugbnHsLTIoxoeEGMTS4C3flfPZH8xXyp7ZSWSEO1S1NkhWwncZDt5wh3ZIwqfGNhG_RRHS5aRXkjt9I" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="20" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> c&oacute; phương ngang, khi đ&oacute; </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 20px; height: 27px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{F}" height="27" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/D2Jvj_QPJQOoiYvn_EahI1H8uwUGwEDb2uxss2v1ID9sMW0yYdRT0SnoPTO8bhEBXvBgIwzf95HBkZwueGzjT5WiVJGYfJWSSsHS1RGBaI5wmwxc9dEkk5Myh-fsPi-6nm0QuWUltL60T25lMIG0pJU" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="20" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> cũng c&oacute; phương ngang. Do trọng lực P hướng xuống n&ecirc;n </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 20px; height: 27px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{F}" height="27" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/xwqFaIzd7-fTdZg9BdVY6_gj_ko339_8BrgP0U90YiiTio6y0voVCjLEOt5BoGGuoDlECPFC39rxF3hVJtNKDlCPxkWdVfx_BpbTGIAY-nrIltF0veNHlw3THWBM_ygQpSPUWz5wx3V-lH2whA2sTo8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="20" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> &perp; </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 20px; height: 27px;"><img alt="\large \overrightarrow{P}" height="27" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/uuo6WHqP4bq93TNhRbalMAm_ZF2Q2z_2aK8vdafsnpJKsMau8whjmKwyaDAhd3r_yBXLFzgV5bS3M2_kiDp0W2Piy2aR340lliaFqyfKBf8us_FzI2PQIqu6WnD9xUnhp1YxQYI3p5sD47y6LY4aNzg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="20" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ta c&oacute;: F = qE, P = mg</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">G&oacute;c lệch của con lắc so với phương ngang l&agrave; &alpha; được x&aacute;c định bởi c&ocirc;ng thức:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 314px; height: 51px;"><img alt="\large tan\alpha =\frac{F}{P}=\frac{|q|E}{mg}=1\Rightarrow \alpha =45^{o}" height="51" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/SHO_jhrUg_J88IN6UWVtQllG_pMOBy7_paiVYWnZbfm2QamT0iSPNGlPXhPKu0zjdlW3MrwRYRx5k1DFEYsbscD-cynVbFCSU79ejglSfZaLHZSQ-2GmqD5gy4AahWfCWFVHNCumfaa5E7KLxWhZYXQ" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="314" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 5: Trong khoảng thời gian 10s, d&ograve;ng điện qua d&acirc;y dẫn tăng đều từ I1 = 1A đến I2 = 4A. T&iacute;nh cường độ d&ograve;ng điện trung b&igrave;nh v&agrave; điện lượng qua d&acirc;y trong thời gian tr&ecirc;n.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Cường độ d&ograve;ng điện trung b&igrave;nh:</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 263px; height: 45px;"><img alt="\large I=\frac{I_{1}+I_{2}}{2}=\frac{1+4}{2}=2,5A" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/5_w-m9yvm_kY2-yckhpq-vLb181y3w1MgyE-SWMtAbAzNcVviS3t_LcS5kdeqalbwETIfk6XDioqdTGGL6PSy0h5k_3UH5tEDjm3IF_gBgBSqJD7mI646q_6e1B_BlDW7cwEJ-ALhsDW9hwKb7a-M_w" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="263" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 6: Hai d&acirc;y dẫn, khi mắc nối tiếp c&oacute; điện trở lớn gấp 6,25 lần khi mắc song song. T&iacute;nh tỉ số điện trở của hai d&acirc;y.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 523px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large R_{1}+R_{2}=6,25.\frac{R_{1}R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}\Leftrightarrow (R_{1}+R_{2})^{2}-6,25R_{1}R_{2}=0" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/TsYPgyyiGFdJJE-If965Vd7Iapy_-kGOuEQZKKJzNGgKseER3bS40LaHRdkQWQbSb9hsujiGCBqHNpNi2jzwtAM7n1trZ2i9efYkx5iRgp5HTKocX9vW9EyCuq0MnZajtPyJ3qFi4R3TIuDTllYDxTM" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="523" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 348px; height: 25px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow R_{1}^2{}+2R_{1}R_{2}+R_{2}^{2}-6,25R_{1}R_{2}=0" height="25" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/n8v0nrSVq6e473YOXlaDZYfA4raHaXkWSn2sr_FsPP5BljgpmYyZc1IKlnyYrNTJhDYTaMHW_vLr8cLusc0RHvtx-sjh1aZA2u7E5Z0ATbBIkebQ8KXDcHtgvD-HGLB1TMOXXZTfVqQdSFTgNqJvjjk" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="348" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 272px; height: 25px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow R_{1}^2-4,252R_{1}R_{2}+R_{2}^{2}=0" height="25" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/2ju0R0XGBXI-buI6YYnDfNnwLdsDMqLBGogqi8Gq8S9JyOKF15y7fbvD97D4L7oTtpSyzz8EIZs9uRG4JTVy_V4WKeJF2j6LZUQZwqVI5YWobfZNXZrvs3A9uJL3r7WpbzoPzmZqMU89S9yH4FZql4Y" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="272" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 311px; height: 26px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow (R_{1}-2,125R_{2})^{2}=(1,875R_{2})^{2}" height="26" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/xseiDUreSA_OQxuLMXUexKQVdghqMEfPGn3YZPkvBkORcPpJagfWmAguiSbeuNzo_TM3V3vbNLwQsgTcEDGCN9Il-1SBMLWROY2VIV-iVViQsurOtA8hy--Mt8_l0CHnLWwPpIkPZPt60v9WDZGfY-8" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="311" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 262px; height: 20px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow R_{1}-2,125R_{2}=1,875R_{2}" height="20" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/6j_2b2Kg6w24O70UWlkRsPmFEHN5SNXlQP0AVrjIlHPWX1Pux2-S8xiDQECFUJvxWczZ22J_ZekGxNSJrL_mDEsBC2MLPsrERMx16of6_Fg3Qqmgzp-W7KUUuSkpH_2xoRkkaJjiNVhqYwg3yHKTh-E" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="262" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 116px; height: 19px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow R_{1}=4R_{2}" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/_y0X7ZkrFyhvJQjJnjVeZA7Fm7B0l_u6l3AO9zOSrecDA75K_pTZQ6mkJTqEBCiu0HGIB-xKtkh41lRZFN3tALl2TJmZDmb5h-52BLx2Df42Z3UZuSxNQTZBQFi7G3P_8waPAWWssjmcP1FaqcngtXo" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="116" /></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> (Loại gi&aacute; trị &acirc;m)</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 96px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow \frac{R_{1}}{R_{2}}=4" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/l-lKOaTcEqpb1AS_Slc892eEmkRUvOlumMEa8eXTtaIXUdsQU8_WfeffLRfCWK2-3dSGSLuhrH8CUiV4HcGZrIuiD9ilhCi8wZU-U9b4f3hxygf8ABDi6rCFAc6grKkBBvGqqOdgK6z8wNKs99FVSPg" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="96" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 7: Cho mạch điện như h&igrave;nh vẽ. Trong đ&oacute; R1 = R2 = 4 &Omega;; R3 = 6 &Omega;; R4 = 3 &Omega;; R5 = 10 &Omega;; UAB = 24 V. T&iacute;nh điện trở tương đương của đoạn mạch AB v&agrave; cường độ d&ograve;ng điện qua từng điện trở.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 352px; height: 156px;"><img height="156" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/j0spahUY2Owhs1DAHU6QoOD-a6KZ31fF7cjHjpp-9yNx4Z-JFveQQpV4zCm7cEIxBEaLhFHmkfyaMEPwlEaPqBNbeRWuZGWmTmZVYkP7ZOiV196e8Sl5ocLua23zjXWxEjjMpFuWnMb756RQRLz62j4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="352" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- Ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch đoạn mạch: R1 nt ((R2 nt R3) // R5) nt R4.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">R23 = R2 + R3 = 10 &Omega;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 238px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow R_{235}=\frac{R_{23}R_{5}}{R_{23}+R_{5}}=5\Omega" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/WQIBCApQcKEkiavpPVQAlwOF-Tpv0Iy-IM22lLCE8F4CI2Snodrazp03f6aH50dk1C-ZxSzujkhEhslKygy-CKj8Z3EeXg0HTGtX9jTYJZmG9i54ZlElNv0erSOQ6zLsRhOFEqQrIWzl7-t04hMm5Yw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="238" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 281px; height: 19px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow R=R_{1}+R_{235}+R_{4}=12\Omega" height="19" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/emoxObYuXJ7uT_LAcbWMlHOSchG7JYRzxGJSGP_r6raEQP58GjKrKjuzMU2v2KcRzws7jyVS_FAm4M-7J_5gF8FWstiSzOl9CPAG65G90who4f0nAw_rKQirCINQdDI-p9kEjJVIcd6lhuDWaC3xCiw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="281" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 321px; height: 45px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow I=I_{1}=I_{235}=I_{4}=\frac{U_{AB}}{R}=2A" height="45" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Nloy28jW7uyWhCvLpTaQPswezw7gSK7LnBAs6RdyXiU1-eXv258pWMJWGY7KwT7lmzDZGrpjPo1InD-060C1DwfypR8Jr7-nZehOhd240ZqRGasIt9UnEEA2TELuDaIMjNUxYpseOOSCPT2PxluHgr4" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="321" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">&nbsp;Với: U235 = U23 = U5 = I235.R235 = 10 V n&ecirc;n:</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 380px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large I_{5}=\frac{U_{5}}{R_{5}}=1A;I_{23}=I_{2}=I_{3}=\frac{U_{23}}{R_{23}}=1A" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/jfQf05GwyQj0HgJG6AQjzD3MyPfsuLV4-p_T-AS4vyG1v0sXClX5FT3sEJ9R0OMV0EyDMVLRX3FkKa3okYUsLgBCgASDZJpeqJJMEDgaO54yBu5lqoGGuJ0rRX-Q5nr2QR01uJ9WwNkkytvIISclfFI" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="380" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 8: Cho mạch điện c&oacute; sơ đồ như h&igrave;nh. Biết R1 = 10&Omega; v&agrave; R2 = 3R3. Ampe kế A1 chỉ 4A. T&igrave;m số chỉ của c&aacute;c ampe kế A2 v&agrave; A3.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 351px; height: 183px;"><img height="183" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/VariThyRRnOutQBXHiOxaLxKPYZ19Qh_NaJ0zOV1sFMiQDNUdEFvor7mkQyeroCGhmWMzOzcDEgEf5N_j7II-koPUyTezzaDTbwswWVKTQuwBG03Y0MgDbd7l0ehVXws2Ioe0lzrrvI9mxJr2PyXbZA" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="351" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ta c&oacute;: U23 = U2 = U3 &hArr; I2.R2 = I3.R3 &hArr; I2.3R3 = I3.R3 &rArr; I3 = 3I2</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lại c&oacute;: I = I1 = I2 + I3 &hArr; 4 = I2 + 3I2 &rArr; I2 = 1A &rArr; I3 = 3A</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 9:&nbsp; Acquy (E,r) khi c&oacute; d&ograve;ng I1 = 15A đi qua, c&ocirc;ng suất mạch ngo&agrave;i l&agrave; P1 = 135W, khi I2 = 6A, P2 = 64,8W. T&igrave;m E, r.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hiệu điện thế mạch ngo&agrave;i: U = E &ndash; rI.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">C&ocirc;ng suất mạch ngo&agrave;i: P = UI = (E &ndash; rI).I = EI &ndash; rI2.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 447px; height: 54px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 135=E.15-r.15^{2} &amp; \\ 64,8=E.6-r.6^{2} &amp; \end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 15E-25r=135&amp; \\ 6E-36r=64,8 &amp; \end{matrix}\right." height="54" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/ir1dnFHh3eiNH20Vwil-GluLYMrBLzEtUIbDkoHY86VO04I_TmchoyNYtxZy_gauZxeIqt2vmJTJTVUUot5pR-buKKadfI4wll8vn0C2_fgC-8TskTWB4PrUDFdTo83PoJZgsEgNLFI0Pa4cvrAacOY" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="447" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 130px; height: 53px;"><img alt="\large \Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} E=12V &amp; \\ r=0,2\Omega &amp; \end{matrix}\right." height="53" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/y1b_pine-S9YpnbAkVDJz1sAEeIggTcIEXK6POrJDQUhPHUe64P2bLOTVgEXXuwEMq1QB303EAWM1ms9DOf4a0OUnr_llIJRTn03Lqy8IyFXmwtwW577AHejzGO3CSzL7PDtcmgjpyi2e2JUH5I4VBw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="130" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">B&agrave;i 10: Cho mạch điện như h&igrave;nh vẽ, mỗi nguồn c&oacute;: e = 1,5V, r0 = 1&Omega;, R1 = 6&Omega;, R2 = 12&Omega;, R3 = 4&Omega;.</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lời giải:&nbsp;</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 303px; height: 163px;"><img height="163" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/swCSGCJDaI8nnmwGj04lSEo-b4fdDkavGajIjCi229bLIYXUv6MQFmE11-vIDUUxhV31U27QxrCKfFiEYQ_nsrn6hF8-v18Bg5K56JlTC4mMOoQFT8rcdDuD6hvZULdGjoSXNOvM2l1-n5C89CxISls" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="303" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Eb = EAM + EMN + EBC &rArr; Eb = e + e + e = 3e = 3.1,5 = 4,5V</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">rb = rAM + rMN + rBC</span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 355px; height: 39px;"><img alt="\large \Rightarrow r_{b}=\frac{r_{o}}{2}+\frac{r_{o}}{2}+r_{o}=2r_{o}=2.1=2\Omega" height="39" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/h10OusAsrA00m916f3TxNJkv5OuIh-K16gzw6OllaePT95mpy2nyfXI2rHLWIVSYrTVwnv3LqZKPexqT9W3SebLLFnpi5ooDZVMeRWysP9drBay2YQoLlT9me3vlOHM8u40qvCHqSQSW5uD5WQXHY7Q" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="355" /></span></span></p>
<p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; width: 373px; height: 48px;"><img alt="\large R_{N}=R_{3}+\frac{R_{1}R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}=4+\frac{6.12}{6+12}=8\Omega" height="48" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/HzONpduLnT6j2zoydH2VJmCP0GAIhDEFw3BZ_-BtRXz7mdMoaqMat711cFLU7Y0VI6QrxJdt4cFfTUBBaMaabRg_N_hoBqb40fohT5AG8ZyZxAsGqqGNueQdesi_DYZejB7JJ6ws0TG7pSa4CGM9iTQ" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="373" /></span></span></p>
Nguồn: [https://vuihoc.vn/tin/thpt-de-cuong-on-thi-hoc-ki-2-lop-11-mon-ly-chi-tiet-3524.html](https://vuihoc.vn/tin/thpt-de-cuong-on-thi-hoc-ki-2-lop-11-mon-ly-chi-tiet-3524.html)
