# Full Transparency Solution Architecture

## Problem Statement

In the digital age, proving ownership of intellectual property is a significant challenge. Our system aims to provide a robust solution to this problem, enabling users to attest and verify their ownership of intellectual property in a secure and reliable manner.

## Overview

Our system leverages blockchain technology and off-chain storage to create a secure and efficient method for intellectual property ownership attestation. Users can submit their intellectual property through a user-friendly interface, which is then processed by our backend server. The server generates a unique hash of the property and creates a transaction on the Polygon blockchain network. The transaction details are returned to the user, providing a receipt of their attestation.

## System Components and Data Flow

1. **User Interface (UI)**: A user-friendly interface for users to submit their intellectual property for attestation and verification. The UI is built with React.js and communicates with the backend server over a secure, encrypted HTTPS connection using JSON payloads.

2. **Backend Server**: Processes user-submitted property, interacts with the blockchain network, and manages off-chain storage. The server is built with Node.js and Express. It receives the property, generates a unique SHA-256 hash, and creates a transaction on the blockchain network with this hash using the web3.js library. The server also handles verification by comparing the hash of user-inputted property with the stored hash on the blockchain.

3. **Off-chain Storage (IPFS)**: Stores the actual intellectual property in a secure and decentralized manner. The property is encrypted at rest using AES-256 encryption. The server interacts with the IPFS network using the js-ipfs library.

4. **Blockchain Network (Polygon)**: Provides a secure and immutable record of attestation transactions. The property hash is stored on the blockchain, providing a secure and verifiable record of ownership. The server interacts with the Polygon network using the web3.js library.

### User Interface (UI)

The User Interface (UI) is the point of interaction between the user and our system. It is designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing users to easily submit their intellectual property for attestation and verification.

#### Frontend Technology

Our UI is built using React.js, a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces. React allows us to create reusable UI components, which helps to keep our codebase clean and maintainable. It also uses a virtual DOM to optimize rendering and improve the app's performance.

#### UI Components

The UI consists of several key components:

1. **Submission Form**: This is where users can submit their intellectual property for attestation. It includes input fields for the property data and user information, as well as a submit button to send the data to our backend server.

2. **Verification Form**: This allows users to verify their attested intellectual property. It includes an input field for the property data or the transaction ID from the blockchain, and a verify button to request verification from our server.

3. **Transaction Receipt**: After a user submits their property for attestation, the UI displays a transaction receipt. This includes the transaction ID from the blockchain and the IPFS CID of the stored property.

4. **Validation Result**: After a user requests verification, the UI displays the result of the verification. This includes the validation status and the validation proof from Kyve.

#### Communication with Backend Server

The UI communicates with our backend server over a secure, encrypted HTTPS connection. It sends HTTP API requests to the server with the user's property data and receives responses with the transaction details or validation results. The data is sent and received in JSON format, which is lightweight and easy to work with in JavaScript.

#### UI Testing

We use Jest, a JavaScript testing framework, to write unit tests for our UI components. This helps to ensure that our UI behaves as expected and makes it easier to catch and fix bugs. We also use React Testing Library, which allows us to write tests that closely resemble how our UI components are used in the real world.

By focusing on user experience and maintainability, we aim to create a UI that is not only easy to use, but also easy to update and improve as our system evolves.

### Backend Server

The backend server is the core of our system. It handles the processing of user requests, interacts with the IPFS and blockchain networks, and communicates with the frontend UI.

#### Server Technology

Our server is built using Node.js, a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine. Node.js is designed to build scalable network applications and is particularly useful for building server-side and networking applications.

#### Server Components

The server consists of several key components:

1. **HTTP Server**: This is the main entry point for user requests. It listens for HTTP requests from the frontend UI and routes them to the appropriate handlers.

2. **Request Handlers**: These are functions that handle specific types of requests. We have handlers for submitting intellectual property for attestation, verifying attested property, and retrieving transaction details.

3. **IPFS Client**: This is a module that interacts with the IPFS network. It handles storing intellectual property on IPFS and retrieving stored property.

4. **Blockchain Client**: This module interacts with the blockchain network. It handles creating transactions on the blockchain and retrieving transaction details.

5. **Kyve Client**: This module interacts with the Kyve network. It handles submitting data to Kyve for validation and retrieving validation proofs.

#### Communication with Frontend UI

The server communicates with the frontend UI over a secure, encrypted HTTPS connection. It receives HTTP API requests from the UI, processes these requests, and sends HTTP responses back to the UI. The data is sent and received in JSON format, which is easy to work with in JavaScript.

#### Server Testing

We use Mocha, a JavaScript test framework, to write unit tests for our server components. This helps to ensure that our server behaves as expected and makes it easier to catch and fix bugs. We also use Chai, an assertion library, to write readable and expressive tests.

By focusing on modularity and testability, we aim to create a server that is not only robust and scalable, but also easy to maintain and improve as our system evolves.

### Offchain storage

The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is a protocol designed to create a peer-to-peer network of nodes storing data in a distributed file system. It uses content-addressing to uniquely identify each file in the global namespace, which helps to locate the file on the network.

When a user submits their intellectual property for attestation, our backend server will generate a unique hash of the property and store the property on IPFS. This process involves the following steps:

1. **Data Preparation**: The intellectual property data is prepared for storage. This may involve formatting the data and encrypting it for security.

2. **IPFS Storage**: The prepared data is stored on IPFS. This involves creating a new IPFS node and adding the data to this node. The IPFS network automatically handles the distribution of the data across the network.

3. **CID Generation**: IPFS generates a unique content identifier (CID) for the stored data. This CID is based on the content of the data, ensuring that it is unique and permanent.

4. **Blockchain Transaction**: The CID is then used to create a transaction on the blockchain. This transaction serves as a public, immutable record of the attestation.

#### Kyve for Data Validation

Kyve is a decentralized network that provides validated data streams. It integrates with various decentralized storage networks, including IPFS, and provides validation and archiving services.

We will use Kyve to validate the intellectual property stored on IPFS. This process involves the following steps:

1. **Data Submission**: When the intellectual property is stored on IPFS, we will also submit it to Kyve. This involves sending the data and the IPFS CID to Kyve.

2. **Data Validation**: Kyve validates the submitted data. This involves checking the data against the IPFS CID to ensure that the data has not been tampered with.

3. **Validation Proof**: Once the data is validated, Kyve generates a proof of validation. This proof is a cryptographic signature that verifies that the data was validated by Kyve.

4. **Blockchain Transaction**: The validation proof is then stored on the blockchain along with the IPFS CID. This provides a public, verifiable record that the data was validated by Kyve.

By leveraging IPFS for decentralized storage and Kyve for data validation, we can ensure that our system is secure, reliable, and transparent. Users can trust that their intellectual property is safely stored and that its integrity can be verified.
### Polygon Blockchain Network

Polygon (previously Matic Network) is a protocol and a framework for building and connecting Ethereum-compatible blockchain networks. It's a scalable and flexible solution that supports a range of applications and makes executing smart contracts faster and less expensive than on Ethereum.

#### Blockchain Technology

Our system uses the Polygon network for storing transactions. Each transaction represents an attestation of intellectual property and includes the IPFS CID of the stored property and the Kyve validation proof.

#### Smart Contracts

Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. They are stored on the blockchain and automatically execute when predetermined terms and conditions are met.

We will use Solidity, a statically-typed programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), to write our smart contracts. These contracts will handle the creation and verification of transactions on the Polygon network.

#### Interacting with the Polygon Network

We will use the Web3.js library to interact with the Polygon network from our backend server. This involves creating and signing transactions, deploying smart contracts, and reading transaction data.

#### Deployment on Polygon

Deploying our smart contracts on the Polygon network involves compiling the Solidity code into bytecode, deploying this bytecode onto the network, and then interacting with it using the contract's Application Binary Interface (ABI).

#### Security on Polygon

Polygon provides several security features that we will leverage. All data on the Polygon network is public and transparent, but we will encrypt sensitive data before storing it. We will also use secure Ethereum wallets to manage our system's accounts on the network.

#### Testing on Polygon

We will use the Truffle Suite, a development environment, testing framework, and asset pipeline for Ethereum, to write and run tests for our smart contracts. This helps to ensure that our contracts behave as expected and makes it easier to catch and fix bugs.

By leveraging the Polygon network, we can create a secure, transparent, and verifiable record of intellectual property attestations.
## Technology Stack

We use a combination of technologies to build our system:

- **Frontend**: React.js for building the user interface.
- **Backend**: Node.js for server-side operations.
- **Blockchain**: Polygon for secure and scalable transactions.
- **Off-chain Storage**: IPFS for decentralized data storage.

## Deployment Pipeline and Architecture

Our system will be deployed on the Google Cloud Platform (GCP), taking advantage of its robust and scalable infrastructure. We will use Terraform as our Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tool to manage and provision our cloud resources in a repeatable and predictable manner.

Our application will be containerized using Docker and deployed using Google Cloud Run, which automatically scales our application based on traffic, from zero to N depending on demand.

We will use GitHub Enterprise for version control and GitOps. This approach allows us to use Git as a single source of truth for both our code and infrastructure.

### Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Usage

Google Cloud Platform (GCP) provides a suite of cloud computing services that we will leverage for deploying and managing our system. Here are some key components we'll use and how we'll use them:

#### Google Cloud Run

Google Cloud Run is a managed compute platform that enables us to run our containerized applications. We will containerize our application using Docker, and then deploy these containers on Cloud Run. Cloud Run automatically scales the number of containers based on incoming traffic, ensuring our system can handle varying loads.

#### Google Cloud Storage

Google Cloud Storage is a scalable and durable object storage service. We will use it for storing any persistent data or files that our system needs, such as logs or temporary data.

#### Google Cloud Pub/Sub

Google Cloud Pub/Sub is a messaging service for building event-driven systems and real-time analytics. We can use Pub/Sub to decouple services and allow them to communicate asynchronously.

#### Google Cloud Functions

Google Cloud Functions is a serverless execution environment for building and connecting cloud services. We can use Cloud Functions to execute code in response to events, such as changes in data or user actions.

#### Google Cloud Operations Suite (formerly Stackdriver)

Google Cloud Operations Suite provides logging, monitoring, tracing, and debugging capabilities. We will use it to monitor our system's performance, log significant events, trace requests, and debug issues.

#### Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)

Google Kubernetes Engine is a managed environment for deploying, scaling, and managing containerized applications. If our system grows to a point where we need more control over our environment than Cloud Run provides, we can use GKE to manage our containers.

#### Terraform and Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

We will use Terraform, an open-source Infrastructure as Code (IaC) software tool, to manage and provision our GCP resources. With Terraform, we can define and provide data center infrastructure using a declarative configuration language. This allows us to manage our infrastructure in a way that's consistent and reproducible.

#### Security on GCP

GCP provides several security features that we will leverage. All data in transit within GCP is encrypted by default. We will configure Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies to control access to our GCP resources.

## Monitoring and Scaling

We will use Google's operations suite (formerly Stackdriver) for real-time monitoring and logging of our system. This will help us quickly diagnose and respond to any issues that may arise.

Our system is designed to be scalable. Google Cloud Run automatically scales the number of containers based on the incoming traffic. Additionally, our use of the Polygon blockchain network and IPFS for off-chain storage allows our system to handle a large volume of transactions and data storage.

### Monitoring

Monitoring is a critical aspect of our system to ensure its health, performance, and reliability. We use Google's operations suite (formerly Stackdriver) for real-time monitoring and logging of our system.

#### Real-time Monitoring

Real-time monitoring allows us to track the system's performance and resource usage in real-time. This includes monitoring CPU usage, memory usage, network traffic, and disk I/O operations. Any anomalies in these metrics could indicate a potential issue that needs to be addressed.

#### Logging

Logging is crucial for diagnosing and debugging issues. Our system logs all significant events, including transaction creation, hash generation, and interactions with the blockchain network and off-chain storage. These logs are stored and managed by Google's operations suite, allowing us to search and analyze them efficiently.

#### Error Reporting and Alerting

Google's operations suite also provides error reporting and alerting features. If an error occurs in our system, it is automatically logged and an alert is sent to our engineering team. This allows us to respond to issues promptly and minimize downtime.

#### Trace and Debugging

Google's operations suite provides trace and debugging tools that allow us to analyze how requests traverse through our system. This can help us identify bottlenecks and optimize our system's performance.

#### Uptime Checks and Health Checks

Uptime checks and health checks are used to monitor the availability and health of our system. Uptime checks verify that our system is accessible from various locations around the world, while health checks monitor the status of specific system components.

By leveraging these monitoring tools and practices, we aim to maintain a high level of reliability and performance for our system.

## Security

Security is a top priority in our system. All data in transit is encrypted using TLS. Intellectual property stored in IPFS is encrypted at rest using AES-256 encryption. Our use of the blockchain network provides an immutable and tamper-proof record of transactions, further enhancing the security of our system.

## Sequence Diagram