# [laravel][routes]routes & url相關筆記
###### tags: `laravel`,`routes`
## 基本用法
### 自訂狀態碼
網址範例:
http://ur_domain_name/hello
```php=
// routes/web.php
Route::get('/hello',function(){
// return '<h3>hello laravel</h3>';
// return response('hello laravel',404);
return response('<h1>hello</h1>',200)
});
```
### 自訂header
網址範例:
http://ur_domain_name/hello
```php=
<?php
// routes/web.php
Route::get('/hello',function(){
return response('<h1>hello</h1>')
->header('content-type','text/plain')
->header('foo','bar');
});
Route::get('/json',function(){
$output = json_encode(['a'=>1]);
return response($output)
->header('content-type','application/json');
});
```
### 傳入參數
網址範例:
http://ur_domain_name/post/123
```php=
<?php
// routes/web.php
// ...
// 參數必填
Route::get('/post/{id}',function($id){
//dd($id); // dd:dump,die
//ddd($id);// ddd:dump,die,debug
return response('post ' . $id);
});
// 參數選填
Route::get('/post/{id?}', function ($id = '') {
return response('post' . $id);
});
// 限制參數為數字
Route::get('/post/{id}', function ($id) {
return response('post' . $id);
})->where('id', '[\d]+');
```
### 取得request資料
```php=
<?php
Route::get('/search', function (Request $request) {
// dd($request)
return $request->name;
});
```
### 傳資料到view
```php=
<?php
Route::get('/listings', [
'heading'=>'latest heading'
]);
```
### 路由model綁定(route model binding)
無route model binding
```php=
<?php
use App\Models\Listing;
Route::get('/id/{id}',function($id){
$listing = Listing::find($id);
if($listing){
return view('listing',
['listing'=>$listing]
);
}else{
abort('404');
};
});
```
使用route model binding
```php=
<?php
use App\Models\Listing;
// route model binding
// 以下語法等同於上面那段語法
// 但記得要引用相對應的model
Route::get('/id/{listing}',function(Listing $listing){
return view('listing',[
'listing'=>$listing
]);
});
```
(**重要**)使用route model binding之後,在view中跟該route有關的link全都要改,
假設原本在blade是寫:
```c!
<a href={{ route('listings.show',['id'=>$listing->id]) }}>{{ $listing->title }}</a>
```
要改成:
```c!
<a href={{ route('listings.show',['listing'=>$listing]) }}>{{ $listing->title }}</a>
```
若不改會出現類似以下錯誤:
```c!
Illuminate\Routing\Exceptions\UrlGenerationException
Missing required parameter for [Route: listings.show] [URI: listings/id/{listing}] [Missing parameter: listing]. (View: C:\xampp\htdocs\laragigs\resources\views\components\listing-card.blade.php)
```
### route group
#### 基本用法
```php!
<?php
Route::group([
'middleware' => 'api',
'prefix' => 'todo'
], function ($router) {
Route::get('/all', [TodoController::class, 'all']);
Route::post('/select/{id}', [TodoController::class, 'select']);
});
```
### query string 相關
#### 在blade view中取得query string
[參考資料](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31324801/lumen-get-url-parameter-in-a-blade-view)
```php=
@php
// $src=app('request')->input('src');
// $src=request()->input('src');
$src= Request::get('src');
dd($src);
@endphp
```
#### 取得query string
網址範例:
http://ur_domain_name/search?name=John&city=Doe
```php=
// routes/web.php
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
....
Route::get('search', function (Request $request) {
// dd($request->name);
return $request->name . ' ' . $request->city;
});
```
#### 確認網址是否含有某query string
[參考資料](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38737019/laravel-get-query-string)
網址範例:
http://ur_domain_name/query?a=123
可嘗試將a改成其他來查看結果有何不同
```php=
// routes/web.php
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
....
Route::get('/query',function(Request $request){
if($request->has('a')){
return $request->a;
}
return 'a does not exists';
});
```
### 回傳json
網址範例:
http://ur_domain_name/api/posts
```php=
//route/api.php
Route::get('/posts',function(){
return response()->json([
['title'=>'post1','content'=>'some content here'],
['title'=>'post2','content'=>'some other content here'],
['title'=>'post3','content'=>'another content here'],
]);
});
```
---
## 轉址
https://laravel.com/docs/5.8/redirects
### 轉向named routes
```php
return redirect()->route('login');
```
---
## 未分類
### route()帶參數
```php
route('home',['id'=>2])
```
### 取得目前routes的名稱
https://www.udemy.com/course/projects-in-laravel-learn-laravel-building-10-projects/learn/lecture/16259274?start=570#overview
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30046691/laravel-how-to-get-current-route-name-v5-v6
```php
Request::route()->getName()
```
### 取得目前url
```php!
url()->current()
```
### 引用public資料夾內的資源(css,js等)
>根目錄是從public開始算起
>用url也可以
```htmlmixed!
<!-- css -->
<link href="{{ asset('css/app.css') }}" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ asset("path/to/urfile.css") }}">
<!-- js -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="{{ asset('js/app.js') }}"></script>
<script src="{{ asset("path/to/urfile.js") }}"></script>
```
### 一些判定url及route的方式
```php!
url()->current() === route('home')
Request::route()->getName() === 'home' ? "active" : ""
Request::is('/')
```
### 建立resource routes
web.php
```php!
Route::resource('route_name', 'NameOfController');
```
---
## 問題與處理方式
### 問題: 單一route出現403錯誤訊息
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24974578/single-route-giving-a-403-forbidden-error-in-laravel-4
此問題可能是因為public資料夾內有跟route同名的資料夾,改一下名稱即可.
### 問題: laravel Method Illuminate\Routing\Route::get does not exist
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32285647/call-to-undefined-method-illuminate-routing-routeget
```php
// 把這行註解
// use Illuminate\Routing\Route;
// 加上這行
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
```
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