---
hackpadID: YqOk8JZWk4N
hackpadWorkspace: tossug
tags: hackpad-import, tossug
---
# Linux 讀書會 - 第 9 週 09/30/2014

總目錄 [edX Introduction to Linux](https://tossug.hackpad.com/dVX1LvoCcii)

## 課程筆記

**Section 1**

There are two different types of IP addresses available: **IPv4** (version 4) and **IPv6** (version 6).

* **IPv4** uses 32-bits for addresses; there are **_only_** 4.3 billion unique addresses available.
* **IPv6** uses 128-bits for addresses; this allows for 3.4 X 10³⁸ unique addresses.

IPv4 addresses are divided into 5 classes: A, B, C, D, and E.

Classes A, B, and C: classified into **Network addresses (Net ID)** and **Host address (Host ID)**.

Class D: used for special multicast applications.

Class E: reserved for future use.

Class A host address: 1.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255

Class B host address: 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255

Class C host address: 192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.255

IP Address Allocation:

* Static IP
* DHCP

Name Resolution:

* `cat /etc/hosts`
* `host linuxfoundation.org`

Network Interfaces:

* `ifconfig`
* `ip addr show`
* `ip route show`
* `ping -c 3 google.com`

Show current routing table: `route -n`

traceroute: `traceroute <domain>`

<undefined>* **More Networking Tools**</undefined>

* ethtool
* netstat
* nmap
* tcpdump
* iptraf

<undefined>* **Related Definitions**</undefined>

Bastion host: [](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastion_host)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastion_host

Proxy server: [](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server

DNS: Domain Name System

DDNS: Dynamic DNS

netmask: [](http://linux.vbird.org/problem/linux/problem_2.php)http://linux.vbird.org/problem/linux/problem_2.php

switch v.s. router: [](http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/solutions/small_business/resource_center/articles/connect_employees_and_offices/what_is_a_network_switch/index.html) [](http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/solutions/small_business/resource_center/articles/connect_employees_and_offices/what_is_a_network_switch/index.html)http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/solutions/small_business/resource_center/articles/connect_employees_and_offices/what_is_a_network_switch/index.html

ubuntu有upstart可以用

lsof: 可以追哪些 IP 開了多少 socket

socket: 兩個 process 之間溝通的橋樑

mtr: ping + traceroute 的合體

**Section 2**

Web Browsers:

* Graphical
* Mozilla Firefox
* Google Chrome
* Chromium
* Epiphany
* Opera
* Non-graphical
* lynx
* links or elinks
* w3m

wget: download files and information

* 可以砍站，也可以續傳

curl: transfer data from or to a server

* 包含 wget 多數功能，支援更多協定，可傳送 HTTP requests (GET, POST)

**Section 3**

FTP, SSH, SCP

## 本週作業

Chapter 13: Manipulating Text

## 活動簽到

[Carl Su](/ep/profile/n5euV0AaWLn)

[steven huang](/ep/profile/sncZfUbLaeE)

[P Fisher](/ep/profile/oTOWRrYfPRk)

[Scott Yu](/ep/profile/FXMAg851dkz)

[violetson](/ep/profile/oJusv72f72w)

[Sam Lu](/ep/profile/zi86w39M6U6)