---
hackpadID: Aoa8Z9EWuhI
hackpadWorkspace: tossug
tags: hackpad-import, tossug
---
# Linux 讀書會 - 第 2 週 **08/12/2014**

總目錄 [edX Introduction to Linux](/dVX1LvoCcii)

## 課程筆記

硬碟分割區的格式

* [](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record
* [](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table

Linux kernel 平均每小時套用 6 份 patch

開機流程

BIOS -> MBR -> Boot Loader ->

kernel -> initramfs -> /sbin/init ->

command shell (getty) -> X Windows System (GUI)

**Chapter 3**

Q: What is Initial RAM Disk (initrd) in boot process?

A: Loading a temporary root file system into memory in the boot process. This root file system can contain user-space helpers which do the hardware detection, module loading and device discovery necessary to get the real root file system mounted.[1] 

Q: What if initrd is also on a file system that is unknown for boot loader?

A: An image of this initial root file system must be stored somewhere accessible by the linux boot loader or the boot firmware of the computer, such as a small, generally ext3 or FAT formatted, partition on a local disk (a boot partition).[1] Boot loader are stored in /boot/ that is often simply a directory on the main hard drive partition. However, it maybe a separate partition. Using a separate partition is generally only used when boot loaders are incapable of reading the main file system.[2]

[1]: [](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initrd)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initrd](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initrd)

[2]: [](http://en.wikipedia.org/?title=/boot/)[http://en.wikipedia.org/?title=/boot/](http://en.wikipedia.org/?title=/boot/)

CubieBoard

* [](http://cubieboard.org/)http://cubieboard.org/

CentOS/openSUSE/Ubuntu (安裝難度 ★★)

* [](http://www.centos.org/)http://www.centos.org/
* [](http://www.opensuse.org/)http://www.opensuse.org/
* [](http://www.ubuntu.com/)http://www.ubuntu.com/

Arch Linux (安裝難度 ★★★)

* [](https://www.archlinux.org/)https://www.archlinux.org/
* [](http://archlinux.tw/)http://a[r](http://a)[c](http://ar)[h](http://arc)[l](http://arch)[i](http://archl)[n](http://archli)[u](http://archlin)[x.t](http://archlinu)[w/](http://archlinux.t)

Gentoo (安裝難度 ★★★★)

* [](https://www.gentoo.org/)https://www.gentoo.org/
* [](http://www.gentoo.tw/)http://www.gentoo.tw/

Linux From Scratch (安裝難度 ★★★★★)

* [](http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/)http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/

## Check Your Understanding

內附解答，供快速複習用。

1\. What are the objectives of the Linux Foundation?

* To promote Linux and provide neutral collaboration and education.
* To improve Linux as a technical platform.
* To sponsor the work of Linus Torvalds.

2\. The three distribution families (**Fedora**, **SUSE**, and **Debian)** we  are using, are upstream for a number of  Linux distributions. Some   distributions are listed below. Drag each distribution type to its  respective family.

* Fedora: CentOS, Oracle Linux
* SUSE: SLES
* Debian: Ubuntu, Linux Mint

3\. When did Linus Torvalds start writing the Linux kernel?

* 1991

4\. Drag the following statements associated with the Linux philosophy to its corresponding column.

* Linux was written to be a free and open source version of UNIX.
* Processes, devices, and network sockets are all represented by file-like objects, and can often be worked with using the same utilities used for regular files.
* In Linux all files are stored in one united directory tree, starting at "/", the system’s root directory.

5\. What are the qualifications required for participating in Linux kernel development?

* Technical skills
* A desire to contribute

6\. Which communication channels does the Linux community use to communicate?

* IRC channels
* Mailing lists
* Newsgroups

7\. What is a kernel?

* The glue between hardware and applications.

8\. What is a desktop environment?

* A graphical user interface on top of the operating system.

9\. What is a command line?

* An interface for typing commands for the operating system to execute.

10\. In addition to the kernel, what is the purpose of the other software tools required for developing a full Linux distribution?

* Perform file-related operations
* Maintain user management
* Software package management

11\. Which of the following are binary-compatible Linux distributions which  are free alternatives to Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). Choose all  that apply.

* CentOS
* Scientific Linux

12\. Please select a possible correct full path for a "photo.jpg" file on a Linux system?

* /data/user1/images/photo.jpg

13\. Which one of the following component actually loads Linux?

* Boot loader

14\. _______ is responsible for starting system and network services at boot time.

* init

15\. You have just brought home a new set top box for your television that  includes a digital video recorder (DVR). It is probably running Linux  like most currently popular multi-media appliances. Which variety of Linux would you expect to have been installed on it?

* A specialized version with only the minimal set of software needed to accomplish its task

16\. What type of Linux configuration file(s) is/are used to automate the installation process?

* Kickstart
* AutoYaST

## 本週作業

* 讀完 Chapter 04 ~ Chapter 06 下次來討論

## 活動簽到

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