---
# System prepended metadata

title: '<center><i class="fa fa-edit"></i> Technologies, Standards, and QoS</center>'
tags: [Internship]

---

# <center><i class="fa fa-edit"></i> Technologies, Standards, and QoS</center>
###### tags: `Internship`
:::info
**Goal:**
- [x] Channel Capacity

**Resources:**
[Notes Page](https://hackmd.io/@j-chen/rkUz8DeUw)
:::

## Technologies, Standards, and QoS

- Channel capacity: max. supported data rate
- Important parameters:
    - Data rate (C): bps
    - Bandwidth (B): Hz
    - Noise (N)
    - Bit error rate (BER)
- Goal: maximize C for given B to a target BER requirement
    - Shannon capacity: gives upper liit
    - Nyquist formula: tells how many levels needed
- Shannon-Hartley Theorem
    - Channel capacity C
    - Guassian distributed noise
    - SNR: signal-to-noise ratio: Eb/N0 = STb/N0 = S/(kTR)


![](https://i.imgur.com/cPpt5Hq.png)

- C can increase by:
    - Increase B: increase noise and decrease SNR
    - Increase S: non-linearity and results in inter-modulation noise

![](https://i.imgur.com/pvrVWfm.png)

![](https://i.imgur.com/0hm1lx0.png)


