We first get the positive binary for 11 then negate it later. +11 11/2=5R1 5/2=2R1 2/2=1R0 2/1=0R1 Reading from bottom to top we have the binary value as: 1011 in base 2. To obtain the 8-bits equivalent is by adding four zeros. i.e +11=00001011 (in base 8). -11=11110100 (inverting all zeros to ones and vice versa) Ones Complement Add 1 to 11110100 (Twos complement) 11110100 + 1 ___________ 11110101 base 8 -11=11110101. Hexadecimal equivalent 1×2³+1×2²+1×2¹+1×2⁰ =8+4+2+1=15=F 0×2³+1×2²+0×2¹+1×2⁰ 4+1=5 Therefore the hexadecimal equivalent of -11=F5.