# Definitions & Keywords
- Rentak -> Rhythm
- Kopak -> Interlocking Percussion pattern usually played by 2-3 players on the marwas (**Only for Zapin Dance**)
- Rhythmic layer -> Describe drums
- Hetrophony -> All melody instruments play the same core melody but decorates to its own idiom and technique
- Syncretic -> Mix of western and eastern
- Maqam -> Arabic modes

# Instruments
Types of instruments:
- Areophone
- Membranophone
- Idiophone
- Chordophone

Tested instruments:
- Rebana -> Percussion ensemble, mostly framedrum, membranophone
- sheep/goatskin membrane over wooden frame
- Marwas -> high pitched frame drum
- Gong -> idiophone
- Violin -> chordophone
- Flute/Seruling -> areophone
- Accordion -> areophone
- Oud/Gambus/mandolin -> Oud/Gambus lower pitch, mandolin high pitch, chordophone
- Double strung
- Pluck

# Malay Dances

## Joget
- Compound Time
- Lively and very fast
- In 6/8 time
- Derived from the Portugese Branyo dance
- Less formal
- Usually uses the mandolin over the gambus
- Usually ends with coda known as a Tandak

## Zappin
- Used in stately situations
- In 4/4 time
- Begins with a Taqsim
- usually played by the gambus
- Improvisatroy
- non-metered / free-time
- uses quarter tones
- contains embelishments
- Explores the makam
- Lower registers -> Higher registers
- Rhythm layer enters with Rebana after Taqsim
- Ends with a Wainab or Tahtim coda
- Ending of zappin performance
- Has kopak
- aka interlocking rhythms
- Played by the marwas
- Played during climax of piece / end of section