---
title: nginx 反向代理設定教學
tags: nginx
description: nginx 反向代理設定教學
---

# nginx 反向代理設定教學

## 使用 nginx 反向代理情境
使用情境為目前專案要使用前端 Server A 對於後端 Server C 機器做 restful api 的呼叫，前端 Server A 的 ip 為 192.168.1.192、Server B 的 ip 為 10.101.1.192、後端Server C 的 ip 為 10.101.3.154。

如下圖所示，Server A 與 Server B 網路相通、 Server B 與 Server C 網路相通，但 Server A 與 Server C 網路並不相通，因此需要在 Server B 架設 nginx 反向代理作為 Server A 與 Server C 的中介點。


### Server C 使用 python3 flask 做為後端
新增一個文件 backend.py 內容如下，將服務暴露在 10.101.3.154:9032 端口，當前端對於http://10.101.3.154:9032/api/test 進行 request 時，此時 response {'res': 'test'} 。

# backend.py
from flask import Flask
import json

app = Flask(__name__)
CORS(app)

@app.route("/api/test", methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
def Test():
  return json.dumps({'res': 'test'})
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
  app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port='9032', debug=True)

後端執行 backend.py

$ python3 backend.py

### Server B 建置 nginx

前端要透過 Server B 的 10.101.1.192:10012 端口轉發到 Server C 端口 10.101.3.154:9032

#### 下載 nginx

$ sudo apt-get install nginx

#### 編譯 nginx default 檔案

$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

修改 default 檔案內容

##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/
# https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/
# https://wiki.debian.org/Nginx/DirectoryStructure
#
# In most cases, administrators will remove this file from sites-enabled/ and
# leave it as reference inside of sites-available where it will continue to be
# updated by the nginx packaging team.
#
# This file will automatically load configuration files provided by other
# applications, such as Drupal or Wordpress. These applications will be made
# available underneath a path with that package name, such as /drupal8.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##

# Default server configuration
#
server {
    # 更改為本機端監聽的端口
    listen 10012 default_server;
    listen [::]:10012 default_server;

    # SSL configuration
    #
    # listen 443 ssl default_server;
    # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
    #
    # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
    # See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
    #
    # Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
    # See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
    #
    # Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
    # Don't use them in a production server!
    #
    # include snippets/snakeoil.conf;

    root /var/www/html;

    # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
    index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

    server_name _;

    location / {
        # First attempt to serve request as file, then
        # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
    # 將監聽端口轉發到以下 url
    location  /api {  
            proxy_pass http://10.104.85.246:9032;
    }
    # 傳遞 header 和參數要加入下列
    error_page  405     =200 $uri;
    # pass PHP scripts to FastCGI server
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #	include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
    #
    #	fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
    #	# With php-cgi (or other tcp sockets):
    #	fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #	deny all;
    #}
}

# Virtual Host configuration for example.com
#
# You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that
# to sites-enabled/ to enable it.
#
#server {
#    listen 80;
#    listen [::]:80;
#
#    server_name example.com;
#
#    root /var/www/example.com;
#    index index.html;
#
#    location / {
#        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
#    }
#}

重新載入 ngnix 服務

$ sudo service nginx reload

### Server A 前端 Curl 提交請求
當 Server C backend.py 啟動以及 Server B nginx 服務啟動，前端 Server A 對 Server B 的 10.101.1.192:10012 端口請求，即可將服務轉發到 Server C 的 10.101.3.154:9032 真實端口。

# curl -X GET http://10.101.1.192:10012/api/test

## Thank you! :dash:

You can find me on
- GitHub: https://github.com/shaung08
- Email: [e-mail]