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# TSN Group Meeting 200505
Seamless Redundancy in TSN (II), 05/05
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## [Defining a Reliable Network Topology in <br>Software-Defined Power Substations](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8617697)
A. Leal and J. F. Botero (2019). <i>IEEE Access, 7</i>.
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- TSN offers <i>stronger</i> redundancy solution (prev)
- TSN offers <i>simpler</i> redundancy solution
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Seamless redundancy (for zero reconf. time)
1. Two-connectivity ⇒ Loops
2. Avoid broadcast storm ⇒ Loops handled
3. *No global view* ⇒ Loops handled **locally**
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IEC61850: solved from fixed topology
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1. Fixed topology
- PRP suffers from doubled cost
- HSR suffers from *low bandwidth, high latency*
- High bandwidth required from substation controllers[1]
- $21\mu s$ per-hop for typical GOOSE messages[2]
2. Fractional topology
- Distinguish member streams within PRP/HSR networks
⇒ Special frame format introduced
- Conversion between PRP/HSR networks
⇒ Special nodes introduced
[1] H. Heine and D. Bindrich (2013). [Designing reliable high-performance IEC61850 substation communication networks based on PRP and HSR topologies](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6683439). <i>CIRED 2013</i>.
[2] H. Heine and M. Petrovic (2019). [Redundant Communication Architectures: How They Benefit the Oil and Gas Industry](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8703384). <i>IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 25</i>(4).
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[2] H. Heine and M. Petrovic (2019). [Redundant Communication Architectures: How They Benefit the Oil and Gas Industry](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8703384). <i>IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 25</i>(4).
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Global view (SDN controller/TSN Qca advertisement)
1. Arbitary topology
2. Unified topology
- No special frame format introduced
- No special nodes introduced
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