This demonstration takes you through the entire process of going to a secure website. This is accomplished through the SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security) protocols, and involving symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption, hashing, keys and Certificate Authority (CA).
For instance, let us instruct our web browser to go to Citibank's website.
The browser transmits a list of algorithms it supports to the web server.
The server selects algorithms to use, and sends its digital certificate to the browser.
Click the link below to see the graphical representation of the above steps:
https://youtu.be/1DPSXEb_bLA