## Tutorial Python Brasil 2025
## Explorando geometrias 2D e 3D com Python
### <i>Python Brazil 2025 Tutorial - exploring 2D and 3D geometries with Python</i>
## `hackmd.io/@py5coding/2d-3d-python`
## Apresentações / Who are we?
## Preparando nosso ambiente de trabalho
***Preparing our work environment***
Vamos usar o Thonny IDE e algumas bibliotecas!
(isso facilita as coisas)
### Bibliotecas necessárias / Required libraries
* py5
* shapely
* trimesh
* manifold3d (needed for trimesh boolean operations)
* matplotlib
* svgpathtools (needed for SVG operations)
Se você não quiser usar o Thonny vai preciar ter um JDK para o py5...
* install-jdk
Use the following code to download and install Java.
```bash
python -c "import jdk; print('Java installed to', jdk.install('21'))"
```
## Configurando o ambiente / Environment set up
- [*detailed install instructions*](https://py5coding.org/content/install.html)
- Ambiente educacional [Windows Thonny portable + py5/shapely/trimesh pré instalado etc., OU Thonny no Mac e Linux](https://abav.lugaralgum.com/como-instalar-py5/)
- - nota importante: Se for usar o Thonny, desative no **menu py5** > *imported mode for py5* (modo para iniciantes)
## Starting with / Começando com `py5`
- Doc offical py5coding.org
- Repo principal com issues e discussions https://github.com/py5coding/py5generator
- Exemplos deste tutorial https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/
- Material de apoio https://abav.lugaralgum.com/material-aulas
- Camisetas https://umapenca.com/villares/
#### O "Hello World" do py5...
- `import py5`, `def setup()`, `def draw()`, `py5.run_sketch()` etc.
```python
import py5
def setup():
py5.size(200, 200)
py5.rect_mode(py5.CENTER)
def draw():
py5.rect(py5.mouse_x, py5.mouse_y, 10, 10)
py5.run_sketch()
```
## Starting with / Começando com `shapely`
Shapely library is used for working with 2D geometries. Common use cases are cartography and geo-spatial data.
- Point, LineString, Polygon
- Boolean operations
```python
import py5
import shapely
def setup():
py5.size(200, 200)
py5.background(0, 150, 150)
ca = shapely.Point(100, 100).buffer(50)
cb = shapely.affinity.translate(ca, 50, 0)
crescente = ca - cb
py5.shape(crescente)
py5.save('shapely_translate.png')
py5.run_sketch()
```
- Geometry operations
- `area`, `buffer()`, `centroid`, `boundary`, `convex_hull`
- Voronoi
- `shp.is_valid` / `shapely.make_valid(shp)`
- some geometry operations will not be correct for invalid shapes
- https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/blob/main/more-examples/tutorial_shapely_5.py
- Topology Exceptions
- slivers and floating point madness
- Voronoi animation demo
)
https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/blob/main/prototypes/animated-voronoi.py
## 3D com `trimesh`
Para instalar no seu env com as dependencias opcionais bacanudas: *easy*
`python -m pip install trimesh[easy]`
- *primitives*
```python
import py5
from trimesh.primitives import Box, Capsule, Cylinder, Sphere
rot_z = 0
def setup():
global primitives
py5.size(350, 350, py5.P3D)
py5.stroke_weight(1.5)
primitives = py5.create_shape(py5.GROUP)
box = py5.convert_shape(Box((80, 120, 70)))
box.translate(150, 0, 0)
primitives.add_child(box)
# NOTE: Trimesh's Capsule `sections` parameter might have a bug
capsule = py5.convert_shape(Capsule(70, 40, sections=12))
capsule.translate(0, 150, 0)
primitives.add_child(capsule)
cylinder = py5.convert_shape(Cylinder(50, 80, sections=12))
cylinder.translate(-150, 0, 0)
primitives.add_child(cylinder)
sphere = py5.convert_shape(Sphere(75, subdivisions=2))
sphere.translate(0, -150, 0)
primitives.add_child(sphere)
def draw():
global rot_z
rot_z += 1
py5.background(204)
py5.translate(py5.width / 2, py5.height / 2)
py5.rotate_x(py5.radians(60))
py5.rotate_z(py5.radians(rot_z))
py5.shape(primitives)
py5.run_sketch()
```
(Can model 3D objects in other tools like FreeCAD and load exported models into py5 with trimesh)
- Operações booleanas
```python
#import facets # facets.py code see below
import py5
import trimesh
box = trimesh.creation.box((25, 25, 25))
sphere = trimesh.creation.icosphere(subdivisions=5, radius=17)
composite = box.difference(sphere)
def setup():
global shape
py5.size(800, 800, py5.P3D)
py5.fill(255)
py5.stroke(0)
py5.stroke_weight(3)
shape = py5.convert_shape(composite, min_angle=0.1)
def draw():
py5.background(204)
py5.lights()
py5.translate(py5.width / 2, py5.height / 2, -200)
py5.rotate_x(py5.frame_count * 0.01)
py5.rotate_y(py5.frame_count * 0.02)
py5.rotate_z(py5.frame_count * 0.015)
py5.scale(20)
py5.shape(shape)
py5.run_sketch()
```
- *facets*
- facetas são os limites das "faces" num sentido comum, mas para o trimesh, um triângulo é o que ele considera uma face, e as facetas são faces planas adjacentes.
- Add [facets.py](https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/blob/main/prototypes/facets.py) so that only facets are drawn
## Shapely + Trimesh integrations
- Polígonos do `shapely` podem ser extrudados com `trimesh`!
```python
import shapely
import trimesh
def setup():
global malha
size(200, 200, P3D)
background(150, 0, 150)
lights()
translate(width / 2, height / 2)
rotate_y(radians(45))
c = shapely.Point(0, 0).buffer(50) # buffer com o raio
d = shapely.affinity.translate(c, 50, 0)
crescente = c - d
malha = trimesh.creation.extrude_polygon(crescente, 50)
shape(malha)
```
```python=
import py5
import shapely
from shapely import Point, Polygon
import trimesh
import facets # https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/blob/main/prototypes/facets.py
def setup():
global resultado
py5.size(500, 500, py5.P3D)
poly = Polygon((
(-200, -200),
(200, -200),
(150, 150),
(0, 50),
(-200, 200),
))
poly = poly - poly.buffer(-20)
malha = trimesh.creation.extrude_polygon(poly, 200)
resultado = py5.convert_shape(malha,
min_angle=py5.radians(30))
def draw():
py5.background('#6440C5')
py5.translate(py5.width / 2, py5.height / 2)
py5.scale(0.7)
py5.rotate_y(py5.radians(py5.mouse_x))
py5.shape(resultado)
py5.run_sketch(block=False)
```
- [Exemplo do Alexandre (the rotating box with holes)](https://abav.lugaralgum.com/material-aulas/Processing-Python-py5/shapely-e-trimesh.html#um-exemplo-animado-avan%C3%A7ado)
- [Exemplo de tipografia + extrusão](https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/blob/main/prototypes/fonts-jim.py)
- [*Voronoy Flowers*](https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/blob/main/prototypes/extrusion.py)
- Atenção: Precisa instalar a biblioteca de Processing `PeasyCam`
```python
import py5_tools
py5_tools.processing.download_library("PeasyCam")
```
- Check out more at https://github.com/py5coding/python-brasil-2025/tree/main/prototypes
## Extra pointers / Referências extra
- General
- [py5 documentation](https://py5coding.org/)
- Página do material de apoio do Alexandre [material-aulas](https://abav.lugaralgum.com/material-aulas/Processing-Python-py5/shapely-e-trimesh.html)
- Shapely
- [Shapely documentation](https://shapely.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html)
- [py5 - Shapely Integration documentation](https://py5coding.org/integrations/shapely.html)
- Trimesh
- [Trimesh documentation](https://trimesh.org/)
- [py5 - Trimesh Integration documentation](https://py5coding.org/integrations/trimesh.html)
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