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# System prepended metadata

title: Patho block V GI

---

# Patho block V GI
## Pancreas
* Serous cystic neoplasm
    * multicystic tumor w/ central scar, serous fluid and mostly benign nature
    * 胰臟尾
    * 女
* Mucinous cystic neoplasm
    * mucinous columnar epi. w/ ovarian stroma
    * 囊狀空間不與胰管相通
    * 胰臟尾
    * 女
* Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm
    * Young female 女, 30 yo
    * CTNNB1 (b-catenin) mutation
* Intraductal pappilary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN)
    * 胰臟癌重要前驅腫瘤 / 惡性腫瘤
    * 乳突狀生長
    * GNAS, KRAS, RNF43
    * 胰臟頭
    * 男
* Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    * Kras mutation (目前沒有標靶治療)
    * 男 = 女
* Agenesis of pancreas parenchyma
    * PDX1
* Hereditary pancreatitis
    * PRSS1: trypsin-1, when GOF (+) trypsin, 台灣最常見 
    * SPINK1: protease inhibitor, inhibition of trypsin, when LOF (+) trypsin
    * CFTR: when mutated mucous secretion blocks pancreatic duct

## Liver
* Hepatocellular adenoma
    * HNF-1a inactivated
        * loss of FABP
    * b-catenin activated
        * glutamine synthase
        * b-catenin
        * @malignant tramsformation
    * inflammatory
        * gp130 mutation
        * CRP
        * SAA
    * unclassified

## Stomach
* Diffuse type gastric adenocarcinoma: linitis plastica (皮革胃) & signet ring tumor cells
    * familial diffuse type gastric cancer
        * CDH1 (cadherin E) gene mutation
    * intestinal type gastric cancer
        * (+) wnt signaling 
* Ovary Krukenberg disease: gastric cancer 轉移
* GIST
    * Carney triad (GIST, paraganglioma, pulmonary chondroma 同時發病，好發女性) 
    * c-KIT (CD117) (80%)/PDGFRa GOF (8%)
    * SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD 任一 germline mutation => Carney syndrome
    * DOG1 immunohistochemistry (+)