# Arch Linux ARMv7 on Raspberry Pi 3 Installation Guide
Ref: [Arch Linux ARM](https://archlinuxarm.org/platforms/armv8/broadcom/raspberry-pi-3), [theramiyer](https://gist.github.com/theramiyer/cb2b406128e54faa12c37e1a01f7ae15)
## Make Bootable SD card
Connect your SD card into your computer.
You have to **login as root** to do the following step, not via sudo.
```bash=
sudo su
```
### Partition
Start `cfdisk` to partition the SD card.
```bash=
cfdisk /dev/sdX
```
We suggest the following size for each partition.
| Mount point | Partition | Partition type | Suggested size |
| ----------- | --------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------------- |
| /boot | /dev/*efi_system_partition* | EFI system partition | 200MiB |
| /root | /dev/*root_partition* | Linux ARM root (/) | Remainder of the device |
### Format
Create and mount the EFI/FAT filesystem.
```bash=
mkfs.vfat /dev/sdX1
mkdir boot
mount /dev/sdX1 boot
```
Create and mount the ext4 filesystem.
```bash=
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX2
mkdir root
mount /dev/sdX2 root
```
### Download Linux Kernel
Download and extract the root filesystem (Again, as **root**, not via sudo)
```bash=
wget http://os.archlinuxarm.org/os/ArchLinuxARM-rpi-armv7-latest.tar.gz
bsdtar -xpf ArchLinuxARM-rpi-armv7-latest.tar.gz -C root
sync
```
The `sync` writes any data buffered in memory out to disk. This can include (but is not limited to) modified superblocks, modified inodes, and delayed reads and writes.
### Boot sector
Move boot files to the first partition.
```bash=
mv root/boot/* boot
```
Unmount the two partitions.
```bash=
umount boot root
```
## Boot from Raspberry Pi 3
Insert the SD card into the Raspberry Pi, connect ethernet if your Raspberry has RJ45, and apply 5V power.
## Login as the Default User
Default user:
username: alarm
password: alarm
Default root password: root
Notice that we haven't complete the installation yet, **you can NOT login as root directly right now.**
The user alarm has root privilege.
Now we don't have `sudo` yet. **Type `su` to use root.**
## Connect to WiFi (if you don't have Ethernet)
1. Navigate to /etc/wpa_supplicant.
2. Create a new file called anything of your choice.
```bash=
nano home-network
```
3. Enter the following in the file:
```bash=
network={
ssid="YOURSSID"
psk="YOURWIFIPASSWORD"
}
```
4. Now, run the following command to connect to your WiFi.
```bash=
wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 /etc/wpa_supplicant/home-network &
```
5. Your device should now connect to the Wifi. The next step is to get a DHCP address.
```bash=
dhcpcd wlan0
```
Once the command completes, you should get your prompt back. Ping any domain on the web to see if you're connected.
## Connect via SSH (Optional)
Arch Linux allows SSH by default. If you would like to connect to the Pi using SSH from your personal computer instead of attaching a keyboard and a mouse and HDMI and everything, by all means, please do.
## Setup swap (Optional)
1. Setup the swapfile.
```bash=
fallocate -l 1024M /swapfile
chmod 600 /swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
echo 'vm.swappiness=1' > /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf
```
2. Configure fstab with the swap entry.
```bash=
/swapfile none swap defaults 0 0
```
## Setup Pacman
### Color and Parallel Download (Optional)
Uncomment the following command to activate it.
```
# /etc/pacman.conf
------------------------------------
Color
ParallelDownloads = 5
```
```
# /etc/makepkg.conf
------------------------------------
MAKEFLAGS="-j4"
```
### Install Keyring
```bash=
pacman-key --init
pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm
pacman -Sy pacman
pacman -S archlinux-keyring
```
## Install Essential Package
```bash=
pacman -S base base-devel linux linux-headers linux-firmware vim git networkmanager wget ncdu htop p7zip zip unzip bat wget go ntp python-pip zsh tig openssh tmux terminus-font
```
## Sudoer
Type `visudo`, uncomment `%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL`.
Add user to group wheel.
```bash=
usermod -a -G wheel alarm
```
## Localization
Uncommit `en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8` and others language you need in `/etc/locale.gen`. Generate the locales by executing:
```bash=
locale-gen
```
Create the locale.conf file, and set the LANG variable accordingly:
```bash=
vim /etc/locale.conf
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
```
Note that `tmux` needs `en_US.UTF-8` locale.
## Network Configuration
Create the hostname file:
```bash=
vim /etc/hostname
<myhostname>
```
Add matching entries to hosts:
```bash=
vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost
127.0.1.1 myhostname.localdomain myhostname
```
If the system has a permanent IP address, it should be used instead of 127.0.1.1.
# Let Your Raspberry Pi be Better to Use
## Enable NetworkManager
The default app in Raspberry Pi is `wpa_supplicant`. We strongly suggest you to use NetworkManager.
```bash=
systemctl enable --now NetworkManager.service
```
Then, just type
```bash=
nmtui
```
to configure network.
## Install yay
Yet Another Yogurt - An AUR Helper Written in Go
```bash=
sudo pacman -S base-devel
cd /opt
sudo git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
sudo chown -R pablinux:users ./yay
cd yay
makepkg -si
```
## Connect to FRP server
FRP is a *fast reverse proxy* that allows you to expose a local server located behind a NAT or firewall to the Internet. It currently supports TCP and UDP, as well as HTTP and HTTPS protocols, enabling requests to be forwarded to internal services via domain name.
```bash=
yay -S frpc
```
Modify `/etc/frp/frpc.ini` on Raspberry Pi and set the `server_addr` field to the public IP address of your frps server. We assume that your FRP server uses `fp-multiuser` plugin.
```
[common]
server_addr = x.x.x.x
server_port = 7000
user = YOUR_USER_NAME
meta_token = YOUR_TOKEN
[ssh]
type = tcp
local_ip = 127.0.0.1
local_port = 22
remote_port = YOUR_REMOTE_PORT
```
Enable the service
```
systemctl enable --now frpc.service
```
Now, you can type the following command to connect to Raspberry Pi via SSH.
```bash=
ssh alarm@x.x.x.x -p YOUR_REMOTE_PORT
```
## Wake On Lan
You can use Raspberry Pi to do WOL.
```bash=
wol --verbose --port=9 xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
```
To check the target machine receives the package correctly, type the following command:
```bash=
sudo tcpdump -i INTERFACE '(udp and port 9) or (udp and port 7)' -vv -X
```
You can set to execute WOL while logging. If you are using zsh, the logging script should be written in `~/.zprofile`.
## Console Font
[Reference: GitHub](https://gist.github.com/danielcbaldwin/0eb3def2478150b32ad27280f8a937fb)
## CPU Stress Test
Install the following program
```bash=
pacman -S s-tui stress
```
and use `s-tui` to stress the CPU.
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