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OSM (Openstreetmap)開放街圖入門講座

slide: https://hackmd.io/@osm-tw/BJcrsmbt0

​​​​    CC-BY-4.0 OpenStreetMap Taiwan Community
​​​​    2024/11/21 台灣開放街圖社群 陳瑞霖

Note:
Ta̍k-ke hó, Hello everyone, This is Dennis Raylin Chen from Taiwan, I want to talk about cleaning and managing dataset. My speech's title is "Linking OpenStreetmap and Wikidata: Case study of Taiwan's villages and rivers datasets"

我是誰?

  • Supaplex
  • OpenStreetMap
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    Wikidata
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  • Wikimedia Taiwan
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開放原始碼與開放內容

  • 開放原始碼 - 可以自行架站
  • 開放內容 - 可以放到想要的站
  • 有了程式碼與資料，都可以自行找地方架設自己的站

為什麼要關注 OpenStreetMap

  • 受維基百科啟發，維基式產生地理資料
  • OpenStreetMap 是跨語言的地理資料庫
  • 允許國際化語言，也有在地化語言
  • 能索引其他資料庫的資料，例如：Wikidata
  • OpenStreetMap 有經緯度資訊，也能存放地理資料本身的結構化資料

OpenStreetMap

OSM 簡介

  • 2004成立，後來以英國NGO型式管理大家共編圖資
  • 社群共編的網路地圖
  • 維基百科版本的地圖
  • 使用OSM的服務：Pokemon Go、Wikimedia、 Apple Photo、Facebook、實價登錄網站、台北市土壤潛勢地圖

創辦人

  • 英國人 Steve Coast
  • GIS 領域學生
  • 當年英國OS Geodata太貴了
  • 受到維基百科影響，決定創辦類似的地圖計畫，讓所有人都能貢獻圖資
  • 勤跑各大Linux大會推廣

理念

開放街圖的三大特色

開源 Open Source
開放 Open Data
協作 Collaboration

硬體架構

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開源 Open Source

相關專案皆以軟體開源授權釋出

  • 地圖編輯器 (iD、 JOSM)
  • 地圖顯示器 (Mapnik 、 Leaflet)

資料伺服器使用開源軟體

  • Linux
  • PostgreSQL

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(iD)
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JOSM

開放 Open Data

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協作 Collaboration

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資料格式

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  • 點 (node)：
    實際帶有經緯度資訊的部分

  • 線 (line)、區域 (area)：
    線段或構成封閉區域

  • 關聯 (relation)：
    多個線段或點的集合，可構成公車路線、行政邊界、溪流流域

原始資料

Image Not Showing Possible Reasons
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範例 OSM-Carto-中壢

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範例 OSM-transport-中壢

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使用情境 - 救災快速反應

 

  • 災難後快速繪製地圖 Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team
    • 2010年海地地震
    • 2010年10月成為美國NGO組織
    • 2013年 Tasking Manager 推出
    • 2013年海燕颱風、2015年尼泊爾大地震、2023年土耳其-敘利亞大地震

Image Not Showing Possible Reasons
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海地地震

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無障礙環境地圖

wheelmap.org

Wheelmap

OpenStreetMap 在台灣的長處

  • 高壓電塔
  • 登山路線
  • 墓仔埔
  • 跨資料庫：OpenStreetMap、Wikidata、Wikipedia
  • 多語言：
    • 臺灣閩南語/臺灣台語/臺灣話/Tai-gir/Hokien
    • Ha̍k-ka-fa/台灣客語/客家話
    • 台灣南島民族語言/台灣原住民語言

Note:
相比其他商業地圖，OpenStreetMap 佇臺灣注重野外會當看著的物件，親像講高壓電塔、𬦰山路線，嘛有真濟墓仔埔。OpenStreetMap 是網路地圖，所以會當簡單連結線頂資源，親像 Wikidata 佮 Wikipedia。濟語言的嘛是加添臺灣的臺灣台語、臺灣 Hak-ka-fa、種種臺灣原住民語言攏會用得。當然外國人講的英文佮日語嘛是簡單加入。

魯地圖

Rudy Map

高壓電線與變電所

 

Power substation and Line

常見離線圖資 app

常見離線圖資 app - 可裝魯地圖

uMap - OpenStreetMap 的「我的地圖」

https://umap.openstreetmap.fr/

動手的準備

示範時間

示範時間 2

HOT Tasking Manager： https://tasks.hotosm.org/projects/16316/

方法-描圖

Tracing Map

HOT Tasking Manager 協調共同繪製地圖

HOT Tasking Manager Project

來動手增進台灣圖資數量與品質吧！

OSM x Wikidata 月聚

OpenStreetMap x Wikidata

To-siā! sṳ̀n-mùng-ǹ! Thank you!
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你可以在以下管道找到我

  • 臉書社團 Wikidata Taiwan
  • 臉書社團 OpenStreetMap台灣
  • OSM Wiki Taiwan
Last changed by 
 
osm.tw
OpenStreetMap Taiwan
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