---
# System prepended metadata

title: <center> **Daily Report 7** </center>
tags: [5G O-RAN, ITB NTUST 5G course, O-RAN, IVC]

---

# <center> **Daily Report 7** </center>
###### tags: `O-RAN` `IVC` `5G O-RAN` `ITB NTUST 5G course`
> Date: 27/07
## <center> **Functional Split and O-RAN Fronthaul Interface** </center>

### **Important Aspects**
#### **1. 5G Standards**
#### **2. Functional Split**
#### **3. O-RAN Fronthaul Interface**

### **Summary**
#### 5G NR (New Radio) provide:
* Scalable numerologies for low latency and ultra reliability.
* Beamforming.
* New channel coding: LDPC for data channel & polar coding for control channel.
* Flexible and modular RAN architecture: split front haul, split control and user plane.
* Native end-to-end support for network slicing.

#### 5G Core Network Functions:
* UPF (User Plan Function) = It’s similar to SGW in LTE. This supports packet routing & forwarding, SDF to QoS flow mapping, PDU Handling.
* AMF (Access and Mobility Management function) = similar to MME in LTE. Supports access authentication and authorization, mobility management control, support of Network Slicing, SMF selection.
* SMF (Session Management function) = extracts the session management relate function, which a distributed in MME, P-GW & S-GW in LTE. UE IP address allocation & management. 
* PCF (Policy Control Function) = supports unified policy framework, providing policy rules to CP functions, access subscription information for policy decisions in UDR.
* AF (Application Function) = supports application influence on traffic routing, accessing NEF, interaction with policy framework for policy control.
* NEF (Network Exposure Function) = supports exposure of capabilities and events, translation of internal/external information.
* NRF (NF Repository function) = supports service discovery function, maintains NF profile and available NF instances.
* NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function) = supports selecting of the Network Slice instances to serve the UE, determining the AMF set to be used to serve the UE.
* AUSF (Authentication Server Function) = acts as an authentication server.
* UDM (Unified Data Management) = supports user identification handling, access authorization, subscription management.

#### CUPS vs CU/DU Split
* CUPS (Vertical split) = First to introduce SDN to the RAN, Separate CP and UP, Consistent CP in multi-vender networks, More challenges for lower layer splits.
* Central Unit/Distributed Unit split (Horizontal split) = Centralization gain in terms of performance and scale, Shift functionalities to different locations, Reduce the cost of RAN.

Important functions for Fronthaul: transporting data between DU and RU, splits functionality between O-RU and O-DU, enables multivendor RU and DU interoperability, increases transmission bandwith through Split Option 7-2x, downlink and uplink bits processing.

### Comment
For the implementation of 5G, many devices are needed and an understanding of their functions is needed.

## <center> **Discussion with team** </center>
:::info
### 1. Research About Sub-topics
:::