# Statistics --- ## 1. Motivation  * ### 比特幣是否適合作為分散風險之用? 近年因財政貨幣寬鬆政策導致許多公司手握大量現金,考慮到美元通脹風險又或者債券收益率走低的情況下,部分公司選擇將現金部位的5-10%不等投入到比特幣作為分散風險之用(Tesla, Microstrategy, Square, Paypal…),也因為許多公司及交易所的介入,漸漸將比特幣帶入到了主流市場上. ## 2. Exploratory data analysis (EDA) ### Bitcoin 5Y chart (Weekly) :  ### Bitcoin 5Y weekly return histogram :  | **Mean** ($\bar x$) | $0.02415440$ | | -------- | -------- | | **Median** | $0.0223$ | | **Range** | $0.7497$ | | **Variance** ($s^2$) | $0.01324775$ | | **Standard deviation** ($s$) | $0.11487816$ | | **Q1** | $-0.0294$ | | **Q3** | $0.0843$ | | **Min.** | $-0.3349$| | **Max.** | $0.4148$ | --- ### DIA US 5Y chart (Weekly) :  ### DIA US 5Y weekly return histogram :  | **Mean** ($\bar x$) | $0.00333104$ | | -------- | -------- | | **Median** | $0.004$ | | **Range** | $0.3041$ | | **Variance** ($s^2$) | $0.00072951$ | | **Standard deviation** ($s$) | $0.02695761$ | | **Q1** | $-0.0062$ | | **Q3** | $0.0153$ | | **Min.** | $-0.1732$ | | **Max.** | $0.1509$ | ### DATA_ 5Y price (weekly) :::spoiler  ::: --- ### Scatterplot : $x$ : ***DIA*** $y$ : ***Bitcoin*** **Correlation coefficient** $: 0.119456101$ **The regression line** $:y=0.0509055x+0.022459$  --- ## 3. Problem formulation & Statistical analysis ### **Problem formulation 1/2** 為了理解道瓊指數報酬率是否影響比特幣報酬率,我們定義隨機變數$x$及$y$: - $y$:比特幣股票報酬率 - $x$:DIA股價報酬率 並且考慮以下線性回歸$:y = \alpha +\beta x$ ### **Problem formulation 2/2** 我們想要理解道瓊指數是否正向或負向影響比特幣報酬率,則重建為,我們想要了解是否 $\beta >0$ ### **Statistical analysis** 1. 因此我們建立了以下的假設檢定: $$\begin{cases}H_0: \beta < 0 \\ H_1: \beta > 0.\end{cases}$$ 2. 設立顯著水準$\alpha=0.05$ 3. 檢定統計量及其分配: $t_{stat}=\frac{\hat{\beta}-0}{SE(\hat{\beta})}\sim t_{(n-2)},$其中樣本數$n=262$。 4. 從資料計算出實現的檢定統計量$t^*=\frac{0.5091}{0.2629}=1.94$ 5. 找出拒絕域: $\{t: t> t_{\alpha,n-2}=1.64\}$, 6. 因為實現統計量落在拒絕域內,因此我們拒絕虛無假設。 ## 4. Conclusion **1. 美國道瓊指數與比特幣報酬率有線性關聯** **2. 延伸不負責任的結論:雖然相關係數低,但比特幣與道瓊指數仍有正向線性關聯,故不適合作為分散風險之用** **Excel分析結果如下:** $DIA v.s. Bitcoin$  --- ## Talks | Talk | Topic | Detail | | -------- | -------- | -------- | | 1 | Motivations | Prof. Teng will double check the adequacy of the topic | | 2 | EDA | Data collection and visualizations | | 3 | Problem formulation | Reformulate the original problem into mathematical notations | | 4 |Final | A complete statistical analyisis | --- ## Additional : **資料來源:Yahoo Finance** (https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/DIA?p=DIA&.tsrc=fin-srch) (https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/BTC-USD?p=BTC-USD)
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