# Survey: Medical Image ###### tags:`Medical` ## [Differentiation Between Malignant and Benign Pulmonary Nodules by Using Automated Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Representation Learning With Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8971840/pdf/fmed-09-773041.pdf) ###### tags:Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy ###### 01 Jun 2022 ### **Abstract**: proposed a novel deep learning model that aided in the ***automatic*** differentiation between ***malignant and benign pulmonary nodules*** on FDG PET-CT. ### **Method**: they designed a novel deep learning three-dimensional (3D) high-resolution representation learning (HRRL) model for the automated classification of pulmonary nodules based on FDG PET-CT images without manual annotation by experts. #### Preprocessing for Automated Models: ![](https://i.imgur.com/Q5vMUAY.png) * 於 -160 的值呈現全黑，值 >240 呈現全白（圖 2A）->幫助程序自動確定哪個橫軸切片圖像是肺實質的上邊緣。 * OpenCV 包的輪廓函數（圖 2B） #### dataset(CT:256 × 256 × 96 &PET:64 × 64 × 96): 112 case( 60 men and 52 women): 1) 33 benign nodules:4 x ground-glass nodules (GGN) & 29 x solid nodules 2) 79 malignant nodules:12 x ground-glass nodules (GGN) & 67 x solid nodules #### Model: ![](https://i.imgur.com/FZ2exMK.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/rEinksH.png) ## 沒有辦法看的 AI-Based Detection, Classification and Prediction/Prognosis in Medical Imaging https://www.pet.theclinics.com/article/S1556-8598(21)00079-1/fulltext Artificial Intelligence for the Characterization of Pulmonary Nodules, Lung Tumors and Mediastinal Nodes on PET/CT https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0001299820301069 A Review on Deep Learning Method for Lung Cancer Stage Classification Using PET-CT https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/9781119743187.ch2 Deep learning based time-to-event analysis with PET, CT and joint PET/CT for head and neck cancer prognosis Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169260722003303 A Review on Deep Learning Method for Lung Cancer Stage Classification Using PET-CT Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/9781119743187.ch2 Deep learning-based multimodal image analysis for cervical cancer detection Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1046202322001189 Deep Learning for Prediction of N2 Metastasis and Survival for Clinical Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Link: https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiol.2021210902 Novel Approaches to Imaging the Pulmonary Vasculature and Right Heart Link: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319990 Combining Tumor Segmentation Masks with PET/CT Images and Clinical Data in a Deep Learning Framework for Improved Prognostic Prediction in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Link: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-98253-9_28