---
# System prepended metadata

title: Blog

---

# Blog

## Postman 
Connect to OCPP server through websocket URL
![step1_protocol_select](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SJUO8UyL-e.png)
![step2_connect](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/S1DdL8kIWg.png)
![step3_Tx](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/B1w_II1U-e.png)
![step4_NewResult](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BJmk_IyU-e.png)


## IP script Windows11
set_network_config_DHCP.bat
````
@echo off
REM First check to see if the script is running with elevated privileges.
>nul 2>&1 "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\cacls.exe" "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\config"

REM If the previous command failed to write the temporary file,
REM it means that we do not have permissions to write, and therefore
REM do not have administrative privileges.
if '%errorlevel%' NEQ '0' (
    echo Requesting administrative privileges...
    goto UACPrompt
) else ( goto gotAdmin )

:UACPrompt
    echo Set UAC = CreateObject^("Shell.Application"^) > "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    echo UAC.ShellExecute "%~s0", "", "", "runas", 1 >> "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    del "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    exit /B

:gotAdmin
    REM <Your original batch commands go here>
	echo Setting Ethernet to DHCP...
	netsh interface ip set address "Ethernet" dhcp
	netsh interface ip set dnsservers "Ethernet" dhcp
	echo Ethernet is set to DHCP.
	endlocal
    echo Running with administrative privileges.
	pause
````
set_network_config_static.bat
````
@echo off
REM First check to see if the script is running with elevated privileges.
>nul 2>&1 "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\cacls.exe" "%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\config"

REM If the previous command failed to write the temporary file,
REM it means that we do not have permissions to write, and therefore
REM do not have administrative privileges.
if '%errorlevel%' NEQ '0' (
    echo Requesting administrative privileges...
    goto UACPrompt
) else ( goto gotAdmin )

:UACPrompt
    echo Set UAC = CreateObject^("Shell.Application"^) > "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    echo UAC.ShellExecute "%~s0", "", "", "runas", 1 >> "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    del "%temp%\getadmin.vbs"
    exit /B

:gotAdmin
    REM <Your original batch commands go here>
	echo Running elevated…
	echo Setting Ethernet to static IP 192.168.5.185
	netsh interface ip set address Ethernet static 192.168.5.185 255.255.255.0 192.168.5.1 1
	netsh interface ip set dnsservers Ethernet source=dhcp
	echo Done.
	pause
````

## VS code Tool
SQLite3 Editor: view database file
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HkWYMd1hxe.png)

Note: Backup link: 
https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=yy0931.vscode-sqlite3-editor

## Http download sequence:

1.Client sends an HTTP request to download a file.

2.Server continues sending TCP packets with the file content until the transfer is finished.

3.Server sends an HTTP 200 OK when finished.
![http_download_sequence](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HyYYPEHcgx.png)



## Putty
Putty Error:
Unable to open connection to X.X.X.X
Host does not exist
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rJqrWbHmxl.png)

Solve:
Command to putty folder
````
.\PuTTY.lnk -cleanup
````

![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BJ-6ebrmlx.png)




## Cppcheck
---

- Link
    - https://github.com/danmar/cppcheck/releases
1. Analyze > Directory
    ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/H1Lw1AsMxg.png)

    
2. choose your project folder
    ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/H1_uJ0sGgl.png)

    
3. Result as below
    ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SyZFkCsMee.png)

   
    
4. Filter by toggle Result
    ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/B1IYkCozxx.png)

    

## sequence

## dbus debug tool
Environment: Linux Ubuntu
Tools name: d-feet
``sudo apt install d-feet``
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HJe8J_cm0yg.png)

## Network test Tool
Clumsy
https://jagt.github.io/clumsy/
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HktX6DM01x.png)

## Memory map
OS: Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS
Date:2024/07/16
Map as image:![slide2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HJJxrc4OR.jpg)

Sample File Download: [Link](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1esqRUt_hEzYepkpoZEPbBxjRa72wmX6W/view?usp=drive_link)
Steps:
1. Unzip Sample File
2. Terminal move into folder C
    ````
    cd ~/test_func_life/c
    ````
3. Make
    ````
    make
    ````
4. Run exe
    ````
    ./memory_watcher
    ````
5. Observe memory address
    ![real_run](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ry1Z_cV_A.jpg)


## Notion
### Table reference
Example: T2 reference T1 column
![Slide1](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HykPoeKL0.jpg)

1. T2 add properties, choose "Relation", choose talbe "T1"
2. in T1 column choose row (ex:i)
3. add properties, choose "Rollup", Relation choose "T1", Property choose "FormulaTest"

![Slide2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/S1_ecgYLR.jpg)
4. T2 add properties "Formula", reference should change to variable by: 
    ````
    sum(XXX)
    ````


## Windows tools
### 磁碟分割Disk Shrink
step5: size(MB) for new Disk
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BkpdH49ilx.png)
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SJDcFVcoxg.png)


### windows內建hash工具

````shell
C:\Users\tecra_mark2>certutil -hashfile "D:\FILE.zip" md5 
````

### WSL
ref: https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10255920


1.Turn On Hyper-V
![wsl1](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/B1-_zxk7A.jpg)

2.PowerShell with Administrator
````
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
wsl --set-default-version 2

wsl.exe --update
````

3.Turn On sub-system
![wsl2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BkgVXgkXA.jpg)

4.


## Linux Net command
### DNS server inactive
check status
````shell
sudo systemctl status systemd-resolved
````
Restart Service
````shell
sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
````

## THSR-Robot
填入表單方式使用selenium
### 自動填單
https://jzchangmark.wordpress.com/2015/03/05/%E9%80%8F%E9%81%8E-selenium-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%BC%8F%E9%81%B8%E5%96%AE-select/

### 圖片辨識
1.https://github.com/uranus4ever/Captcha-Crack
2.https://www.learncodewithmike.com/2021/08/python-selenium-bypass-captcha.html
3.使用gpt推薦的tesseract-ocr無法辨識有躁點的圖片(僅能辨識無躁點圖)
4.使用2captcha網站API

#### 使用tesseract
解決方法:
1. 到 Github 下載 tesseract-ocr-w64-setup-v5.0.0-alpha.20200328.exe 來安裝Tesseract。

2. 記錄Tesseract安裝的路徑，預設路徑通常為 C:\Users\USER\AppData\Local\Tesseract-OCR。
C:\Program Files\Tesseract-OCR

3. 將Tesseract.exe路徑新增到程式碼中:
pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = 'C:\Users\USER\AppData\Local\Tesseract-OCR\\tesseract.exe'

## WebParser
### Parser分類
1.request經由UserAgent
2.selenium瀏覽器仿真
### 經由使用者代理，防止被網站拒絕
````python
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
url_test = "https://www.pathofexile.com/shop/category/alternate-skill-effects"
user_agent = UserAgent()
r = requests.get(url=url_test, headers={ 'user-agent': user_agent.random })
````
## yt紀錄
https://www.dcard.tw/f/tech_job/p/254227388?cid=8320E052-A6B7-4CA8-8409-E63A4ABF7CC1
## Line Token
當條件符合時，經由Line訊息通知用戶。
## Line Webhook
根據
https://steam.oxxostudio.tw/category/python/example/line-webhook.html
Webhook 指的是一個「網址」，透過伺服器建立 Webhook 網址後，有串接 Webhook 的位置就能使用 HTTP 的 POST 方法，向伺服器傳送或接收特定的資料。
使用 ngrok + 本機環境建立 Webhook

### 建立Line Channel
1.登入Line Developer，依網站輸入需求完成帳號設定。
2.點選Create a new provider

## 無對外IP時利器: ngrok
參考:
https://medium.com/%E4%BC%81%E9%B5%9D%E4%B9%9F%E6%87%82%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88/%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E8%AE%93%E5%A4%96%E7%B6%B2%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%A9%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%88%A9%E5%99%A8-ngrok-ac92f792e1f0
我的筆記:
https://plausible-tangerine-5fd.notion.site/ngrok-non-static-IP-forwarding-3abf20ac0be94288b5239a3e89c8a2bd?pvs=4
### Linux背景執行ngrok取得URL方法
Linux背景執行ngrok
腳本如下
````bash
#!/bin/bash
# Display current time
echo "Current time: $(date)"
# call ngrok to port tansport
ngrok http 8080 --log=stdout > /tmp/ngrok.log
sleep 3
cat /tmp/ngrok.log
````
呼叫如下
````shell
nohup ./script_ngrok_server.sh & 
````
取得url方法
````shell
cat /tmp/ngrok.log
````
尋找start tunnel那段的url
````text
t=2024-01-31T08:12:44+0000 lvl=info msg="started tunnel" obj=tunnels name=command_line addr=http://localhost:8080 url=https://7239-2001-b400-e380-f5da-5ea4-a574-ea1-dfdc.ngrok-free.app

````

## NTU-OOP

### 01_02_class generate
practice 
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Bk6WVpIFT.png)

![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ryeWNa8F6.png)

# Raspberry Pi related
## Raspberry Pi as DNS Server
Device: Raspberry Pi 3B+
Net: Static IP
ref:https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-vpn-server/
1. Port Forward for your Raspberry Pi VPN
    Default Port : 1194 as UDP
    
2. Install OpenVPN
    ````bash
    sudo apt-get update -y
    curl -L https://install.pivpn.io | bash

    ````
     Are you Using DHCP Reservation on your Router/DHCP Server?                           x
                    x These are your current Network Settings:                           x
                    x                                                                     x
                    x         IP address:    192.168.3.12/24                             x
                    x         Gateway:       192.168.3.1     


     lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqu Public IP or DNS tqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk
                    x Will clients use a Public IP or DNS Name to connect to your server x
                    x (press space to select)?                                           x
                    x                                                                    x
                    x    (*) 111.184.133.63  Use this public IP 
                    
3. Setting up Open VPN User
    

4. 
## 使用Raspberry Pi 3B+分享可上網Wifi AP
### Struct as below
![wifi_ap_struct](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Sk039RFRT.jpg)
#### 1.Install necessary packages:
````
sudo apt install hostapd dnsmasq
````
#### 2.Configure DHCP client for Ethernet:
````
sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf
````
Add or modify the following lines to allow eth0 to obtain an IP address via DHCP:
````
interface eth0
hostname
````
#### 3.Configure DHCP server (dnsmasq):
````
sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
````
Add or modify the following lines to configure DHCP for the wireless network (wlan0):
````
interface=wlan0
dhcp-range=192.168.4.2,192.168.4.20,255.255.255.0,24h
````
#### 4.Configure static IP for WiFi:
````
sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf
````
Add the following lines to assign a static IP address to wlan0:
````
interface wlan0
static ip_address=192.168.4.1/24
nohook wpa_supplicant
````
#### 5.Configure hostapd:
````
sudo nano /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
````
Add the following configuration:
````
interface=wlan0
driver=nl80211
ssid=YourAPName
hw_mode=g
channel=7
wmm_enabled=0
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=1
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=YourPassword
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP
rsn_pairwise=CCM
````
#### 6.Configure hostapd default file:
````
sudo nano /etc/default/hostapd
````
Find the line with #DAEMON_CONF="" and replace it with:
````
DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"
````
#### 7.Enable IPv4 forwarding:
````
sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf
````
Uncomment the following line to enable IP forwarding:
````
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
````
Apply changes.
````
sudo sysctl -p
````
#### 8.Enable NAT (Network Address Translation):
````
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
sudo sh -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat"
````
#### 9.Configure iptables to load on boot:
````
sudo nano /etc/network/if-up.d/iptables
````
Add lines to the file.
````
#!/bin/sh
iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat
````
Save the setting.
````
sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-up.d/iptables
````
#### 10.Restart services:
````
sudo systemctl restart networking
sudo systemctl restart hostapd
sudo systemctl restart dnsmasq
````


## 使用Raspberry Pi 3B+架設DNS server

### Struct as below:
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rJ5H6WpiT.png)
### Result: from PC browser after connection 
![dns_server_index](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ryQWOYpja.png)

### ref:
1. https://micro.rohm.com/tw/deviceplus/how-tos/raspberrypi-guide/how-to-use-a-raspberry-pi-as-a-dns-server/
2. http://www.intellamech.com/RaspberryPi-projects/rpi3_simple_wifi_ap.html
3. https://blog.gtwang.org/iot/raspberry-pi-install-nginx-lightweight-web-server/

### **No.1 nginx with index.html**
ref to RPi nginx index
### **No.2 DNS Server set**
* install dnsmasq and set
````shell
sudo apt install dnsmasq -y
sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
````
* edit dnsmasq.conf
    Remove #
    ````
    “#domain-needed”
    “#bogus-priv”
    “#no-resolv”
    ````
    Add
    ````
    server=8.8.8.8
    server=8.8.4.4
    address=/www.rpi3mark.com/192.168.5.1
    ````
### **No.3 WiFi AP mode**
* install hostapd and set
    ````shell
    sudo apt install hostapd -y
    ````
* Configure wlan0
    * edit dhcpcd.conf
        ````
        sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf
        ````
    * add below:
        ````
        denyinterfaces wlan0
        ````
    * edit interfaces
        ````
        sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
        ````
    * wlan0 set as:
        ````
        allow-hotplug wlan0  
        iface wlan0 inet static      
            address 192.168.5.1
            netmask 255.255.255.0
            network 192.168.5.0
            broadcast 192.168.5.255
        ````
    * Restart dhcpcd & Reload wlan0
        ````
        sudo service dhcpcd restart
        sudo ifdown wlan0; sudo ifup wlan0
        ````
* Setup hostapd
    * edit hostapd.conf
        ````
        sudo nano /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
        ````
    * add below:
        ````
        interface=wlan0
        driver=nl80211

        hw_mode=g
        channel=6
        ieee80211n=1
        wmm_enabled=1
        ht_capab=[HT40][SHORT-GI-20][DSSS_CCK-40]
        macaddr_acl=0
        ignore_broadcast_ssid=0

        # Use WPA2
        auth_algs=1
        wpa=2
        wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
        rsn_pairwise=CCMP

        # Change these to your choice
        # This is the name of the network
        ssid=Pi3-AP-MarkYL
        # The network passphrase
        wpa_passphrase=00000000
        ````
    * edit default/hostapd.conf
        ````
        sudo nano /etc/default/hostapd
        ````
    * Replace #DAEMON_CONF="" with:
        ````
        DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"
        ````
* Setup dnsmasq
    * edit dnsmasq.conf
        ````
        sudo cp /etc/dnsmasq.conf /etc/dnsmasq.conf.orig
        sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
        ````
    * add below:
        ````
        interface=wlan0       # Use interface wlan0  
        listen-address=192.168.5.1   # Specify the address to listen on  
        bind-interfaces      # Bind to the interface
        server=8.8.8.8       # Use Google DNS  
        domain-needed        # Don't forward short names  
        bogus-priv           # Drop the non-routed address spaces.  
        dhcp-range=192.168.5.50,192.168.5.150,12h # IP range and lease time  
        ````
* Restart service
    ````shell
    sudo service hostapd start
    sudo service dnsmasq start
    sudo reboot
    ````
### **No.4 Test**
* PC search wifi named 
    * ssid : Pi3-AP-MarkYL
    * password : 00000000
* Browser with url:  http://www.rpi3mark.com/   would show index
## 使用Raspberry Pi 3B+架設串流
參考 https://blog.gtwang.org/iot/raspberry-pi-nginx-rtmp-server-live-streaming/
https://blog.csdn.net/k0307x1990y/article/details/127305689

    
#### 呼叫cam
原本為，遇到錯誤:WARNING: erroneous pipeline: no element "omxh264enc".
````
gst-launch-1.0 -v v4l2src ! 'video/x-raw, width=640, height=480, framerate=30/1' ! queue ! videoconvert ! omxh264enc !  h264parse ! flvmux ! rtmpsink location='rtmp://localhost/rtmp/live live=1'
````
修改成X
````
    gst-launch-1.0 -vvv videotestsrc ! 'video/x-raw,framerate=30/1,format=UYVY' ! v4l2h264enc ! 'video/x-h264,level=(string)4' ! decodebin ! videoconvert ! fakesink
````
修改成2
````
gst-launch-1.0 -v v4l2src ! 'video/x-raw, width=640, height=480, framerate=30/1' ! queue ! videoconvert ! v412h264enc !  h264parse ! flvmux ! rtmpsink location='rtmp://localhost/rtmp/live live=1'
````
嘗試安裝:失敗 
````
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-omx
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-omx-dbg
````
查詢
````
gst-inspect-1.0 | grep h264
gst-launch-1.0 -v v4l2src ! 'video/x-raw, width=640, height=480, framerate=30/1' ! queue ! videoconvert ! omxh264enc !  h264parse ! flvmux ! rtmpsink location='rtmp://localhost/rtmp/live live=1'
````
使用其他enc
````
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly
gst-launch-1.0 -v v4l2src ! 'video/x-raw, width=640, height=480, framerate=30/1' ! queue ! videoconvert ! x264enc ! h264parse ! flvmux ! rtmpsink location='rtmp://localhost/rtmp/live live=1'
````
安裝鏡頭驅動
````
sudo apt-get install fswebcam
````
#### 測試鏡頭拍照
````
fswebcam -r 640*480 cammer1.jpg
fswebcam -S 10 -p YUYV 0103_4.jpg
````
* GD Error: gd-jpeg: JPEG library reports unrecoverable error: Not a JPEG file: 
拍出來一片漆黑的話:
需要加入
-p:palette format 為YUYV後正常 
-S:跳過前面幾幀


#### 使用filezilla連上RPI取得檔案
sftp:172.20.10.9
pi
0000

暫先使用ffmpeg
````
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -f video4linux2 -r 24 -i /dev/video0 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/rtmp/live
````
rtmp
````
rtmp {
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4096;

        application live {
            live on;
            record off;
            allow publish all;
            allow play all;
            exec ffmpeg -i rtmp://0.0.0.0/live/$name -filter:v scale=640:480 -c:v h264_omx -b:v 750k -c:a aac -b:a 128k -f flv rtmp://0.0.0.0/hls/$name_low;
        }

        application hls {
            live on;
            hls on;
            hls_path /tmp/hls;
            hls_fragment 3;
            hls_playlist_length 60;
            allow play all;
        }
    }
}
````
#### 2024/01/04電腦使用VLC可觀看RPI直播:
1.RPI設定sudo nano nginx.conf
````
    rtmp {
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4096;

        application live {
            live on;
            record off;
            allow publish all;
            allow play all;
            exec ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 -c:v copy -c:a aac -b:a 128k -f flv rtmp://0.0.0.0/hls/st>
        }

        application hls {
            live on;
            hls on;
            hls_path /tmp/hls;
            hls_fragment 3;
            hls_playlist_length 60;
            allow play all;
        }
    }
}
````
````
sudo service nginx restart
````


檢查
    ````
    netstat -tunlp | grep 1935
    sudo netstat -anp |grep 80
    ````
2.RPI執行
    ````
    ffmpeg -i /dev/video0 -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 500k -s 640*480 -f flv rtmp://192.168.3.11/live/stream
    ````
3.電腦使用VLC
    媒體 > 開啟網路串流 > 點選"網路" > URL輸入:rtmp://192.168.3.11/live/stream
    外網則是如下:
    rtmp://111.184.133.63/live/stream
    
 ffmpeg -i /dev/video0 -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 500k -s 640*480 -f flv rtmp://192.168.3.11/live/stream 

#### 待解項目
* 將ffmpeg...沒加上&與加上&於背景執行的結果不同:僅沒加上&可以成功推送到rtmp
* 
#### 將ffmpeg指令於背景執行
#### 將RTMP轉換成http可讀取版本
```bash
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz
tar zxf nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz
git clone https://github.com/winshining/nginx-http-flv-module.git
cd nginx-1.22.1/
./configure --prefix=/var/www --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --with-http_ssl_module --without-http_proxy_module --add-module=/home/pi/nginx_src/nginx-http-flv-module
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx  --add-module=/home/pi/nginx_src/nginx-http-flv-module

sudo make && sudo make install
````
修改nginx.conf文件

執行nginx
#execute nginx
````
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
sudo ./nginx
#ffmpeg push
#ffmpeg -re -i /dev/video0 -c copy -f flv rtmp://172.20.10.9:1985/myapp/testv

ffmpeg -i /dev/video0 -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 500k -s 640*480 -f flv rtmp://172.20.10.9:1985/myapp/testv
````

PC測試
    VLS: rtmp://172.20.10.9:1985/myapp/testv
    Browser:
http://172.20.10.9/live?port=1985&app=myapp&stream=testv

http://172.20.10.9/flv?port=1985&app=myapp&stream=testv


## 掃描同網域IP (IP Scan)
2023/12/22
* 起因
找出許多未啟動的Raspberry Pi 3B+
重新安裝SD卡內的OS，並且預先設定好WIFI，樹莓派開機後與PC一起在同一個網域，但需要知道樹莓派IP才有辦法SSH，故紀錄之。
1. 樹莓派連上wifi
2. PC連上wifi
3. PC掃描IP
````shell=
ipconfig /all
###將下方指令170.20.10改成需要掃描的網域
for /L %i IN (1,1,254) DO ping -w 1 -n 1 172.20.10.%i
arp -a
##try
for /l %i in (1,1,254) do @ping 192.168.3.%i -w 10 -n 1 | find "TTL"
````
掃描結果如下:
    ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Bk1BZHmw6.png)


# Virtual Box Related


## No.1 sudo指令會出現  XXX is not in the sudoers file
### step1: 進入命令行模式
CTRL + ALT + F3
(需要返回桌面時CTRL + ALT + F1)
### step2: log in
login: root
password: XXXX
### step3: replace "markv" with your account name
````
adduser markv sudo
````
### step4: reboot
````
reboot
````
## No.2 安裝 Ubuntu 20.04 虛擬機，打不開 terminal
### step1: 進入命令行模式
CTRL + ALT + F3
(需要返回桌面時CTRL + ALT + F1)
### step2: log in
loing: root
password: XXXX
### step3: edit "locale" file
nano /etc/default/locale

#### 修改文件中以下兩處
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
### step4: save and exit
    **ctrl + X**,  then type "y", then press **enter**.
### step5: run setting in Terminal
 ````
sudo locale-gen --purge
reboot # 重啟VirtualBox
````
## No.3 Ubuntu20.04無法從外部複製貼上

1. 裝置>插入Guest Additions CD映像
![copy_paste](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/B1ZDVFgwT.png)
2. 左側點選光碟圖案
3. 於資料夾空白處，點擊右鍵，選擇Open in Terminal
    ![右鍵貼上問題](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Sy1LTBZ_a.png)
4. 輸入，等待安裝結束完成。
````
./autorun.sh
````
5. Settings > Shared Clipboard
![vb_copy_paste](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ByPcv7Igel.png)


### Virtual Box 空間擴大
ref: https://wuhsiublog.blogspot.com/2017/11/oracle-virtual-box-5x.html
```
.\VBoxManage.exe modifyhd "E:\vb7_u22\u22\u22.vdi" --resize 32768
```
### VirtualBox 畫面閃爍
* Setting > Display > Enable 3D Acceleration
![VB_screen_flash_issue](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HkXN5C52p.png)

### Port Forwarding
1. 開啟Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager
2. 點選vb_u22 (若在執行中請先關閉)，再點選Settings
    ![vb_settings](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/S1YKNniv6.png)
4. 點選Network > Adapter 1 > Advanced > PortForwarding
    ![vb_settings2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/S1tWHhsw6.png)
5. 點選右上角增加Port，分別增加三項下圖紅框2
    ![vb_settings3](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HJ5782sP6.png)
#### issue: Ethernet(enp0s8) keep connecting
ref:https://www.cnblogs.com/wkyo/p/14961860.html
check VirtualBox tool configuration as below pictures
    ![vb_tool_net_conf1](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rkE--SDp6.png)
    ![vb_tool_net_conf2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/H1Vb-HDpp.png)


### Samba
1. VB設定如下圖
    ![1](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SJgSJSWua.png)

2. 指令步驟

- 步驟1:安裝samba軟體
    
    ```bash
    sudo apt install samba -y
    ```
    
- 步驟2:編輯smb.conf
    
    ```bash
    sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
    ````
    增加一段[markv],將markv更改為您的名字
    ````text
    #add below into .conf file
    [markv]
    				comment = markv
    				path = /home/markv/
    				browsable = yes
    				guest ok = no
    				writable = yes
    				read only = no
    				create mask = 0755
    ````
    
- 步驟3新增一個samba使用者markv
    
    ```bash
    sudo smbpasswd -a markv
    ```
    
- 步驟4:重啟samba服務
    
    ```bash
    sudo service smbd restart
    ```
    
- 步驟5:以windows10的案總管進入，
    1. 在ubuntu Terminal輸入指令取得ubuntu的ip位址
        
        ```bash
        ip addr
        ```
        
    2. 在windows下開啟檔案總管輸入“\\<ip位址>“，輸入帳號、密碼後即可進入
    3. 建立路徑方法:
        1. 打開”我的電腦” > 右鍵 > 點選”新增一個網路位置” :
            
            ![1](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SJ1OjcJiT.png)

            
        2. 下一步 > “選擇自訂網路位置” > 下一步 > 網際網路或網路位址(A) 輸入ip位置:
        例如: \\\192.168.56.101\mark ，接著下一步 > 下一步
            ![2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HymYsqko6.png)
![3](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BJ8Ki9ks6.png)



    3. 成功後我的電腦多了剛才新增的網路位置
        ![4](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/r1oAi9ks6.png)

Option: 刪除Windows網路磁碟認證&連線資訊

* Ref. [Link](https://laudaihe.medium.com/%E9%9B%9C%E8%A8%98-%E5%88%AA%E9%99%A4windows%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E7%A3%81%E7%A2%9F%E8%AA%8D%E8%AD%89-%E9%80%A3%E7%B7%9A%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A-2e4bd495eefb)
    1.刪除網路磁碟機 : cmd
        ````
        net use /delete *
        ````
    2.刪除憑證 : 控制台
        ![credential_remove](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HJrXs5lEWe.png)

### Failed to open/create the internal network 'HostInterfaceNetworking-VirtualBox Host
        
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ryU-MSjJel.png)

### SSH server installation
虛擬機器，想要使用 SSH 協定連線至 VirtualBox 中的 Ubuntu 作業系統，在這邊還需要進一步使用指令 sudo service ssh status 來查詢 SSH 服務是否有在執行的狀態，如下圖所示可以看到回傳為檔案 not-found 的訊息，也就表示說此系統還未安裝好 OpenSSH Server 的套件，那接下來需要在系統上安裝會使用到的套件
10. 輸入指令來安裝 OpenSSH 套件
````shell
sudo apt-get install openssh-server -y
````
11. 下指令 就可以查看到 SSH 服務啟動了
````shell
sudo service ssh status 
````
            
### Ubuntu22 SSH
ref: https://snoopy30485.github.io/2018/06/30/VirtualBox%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8SSH%E9%80%A3%E7%B7%9A/
1. 點選左上方檔案，選擇主機網路管理員
2. 可以看到裡面已經有一組 IP，選擇左上角建立可以新增 IP
PS. 到本機 cmd 下指令 
```` shell
ip addr
```` 
可以看到預設就有 virtualbox 的網卡
3. VirtualBox app選擇機器點選設定
4. 先在要 SSH 連線的機器下指令 ip addr 查看 IP，可以看到 ip 是 10.0.2.15
5. 選擇網路打開進階選項，點選連接埠轉送
6. 點選右側 + 新增
7. 輸入自己想要的主機 IP，SSH 連線 port 是 22，客體 IP 就是剛剛機器的 IP
![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BkryRAuua.png)

9. 在來回到虛擬機器，想要使用 SSH 協定連線至 VirtualBox 中的 Ubuntu 作業系統，在這邊還需要進一步使用指令 sudo service ssh status 來查詢 SSH 服務是否有在執行的狀態，如下圖所示可以看到回傳為檔案 not-found 的訊息，也就表示說此系統還未安裝好 OpenSSH Server 的套件，那接下來需要在系統上安裝會使用到的套件
10. 輸入指令來安裝 OpenSSH 套件
````shell
sudo apt-get install openssh-server -y
````
11. 下指令 就可以查看到 SSH 服務啟動了
````shell
sudo service ssh status 
````
### SSH in VS code password-less authentication
- ref: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/222452460
- Local(Win11) → Remote(Ubuntu22)
- ![vscode_ssh](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Sk23bcITa.jpg)

1. Win11 : VS code install “remote development” package
2. Authentication key
    1. Local(Win11) :
        1-1. generate public key in command window
            ````
            ssh-keygen
            ````
            ![keygen](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BJ7Wu1lHA.jpg)
        1-2. check "id_rsa.pub" had beed created
            ![keygen2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HJBhO1xHR.jpg)

        1-3-1. install RemoteSSh in VS code
            ![vs_code_remote_config2](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/ByLCZCoD0.png)

        1-3-2. edit VS code: Remote-SSH config file
            ![vs_code_remote_config](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SkD2v1gBA.jpg)

        1-4. add Path: example: C:\Users\tecra_mark2\.ssh\config
        ````bash
        Host VB_U22
            HostName 10.61.10.71
            User mark
            IdentityFile "C:\Users\tecra_mark2\.ssh\id_rsa"
        ````
        ![keygen3config](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rklDFylH0.jpg)

    2. Remote(Ubuntu22) :
        2-1. Copy contect in public key "id_rsa.pub" from Local(Win11) to Remote(Ubuntu22)
        ````bash
        cd ~/.ssh/
        nano authorized_keys
        #paste "id_rsa.pub" content
        #save and exit
        ````
        ![keygen4](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rkpK6kgB0.jpg)
        Finish.
    3. Option:
        Remove "known_hosts" in Host .ssh folder
        ![ssh_known_host](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/BJVC0laLkx.png)

            
            
### Ubuntu22 開啟啟動某服務1
ref:chatGPT,https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/m/articles/10262738

0.create your script (ex:server.sh)
````
sudo touch /home/markv/server.sh
chmod u+x /home/markv/server.sh
sudo nano /home/markv/server.sh
````
change XXX to your password
````
#!/bin/bash
echo "XXX" |sudo -S timedatectl set-timezone UTC
echo "XXX" |sudo -S service mysql restart
cd ~
source .profile
cd ~/Downloads/steve
java -jar target/steve.jar
````
1.create service file (ex:server.service)
change to your XXX.service
````bash
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/server.service
````
2.edit edit service file
````
[Unit]
Description=Start server.sh at boot

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/home/markv/server.sh
User=markv
Group=markv
WorkingDirectory=/home/markv/
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
````
3.restart service
````
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart server.service
````
4.check service
````
sudo systemctl status server.service
````


### Ubuntu22 開啟啟動某服務2
ref:
https://www.cnblogs.com/rainbow-tan/p/17346430.html
1. 開啟rc-local.service
    ````shell
    sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service 
    ````
    增加以下資訊
    ````shell
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target  
    Alias=rc-local.service
    ````
2. 增加/etc/rc.local
    ````shell
    sudo touch /etc/rc.local
    sudo nano /etc/rc.local
    ````
    增加欲開機啟動的服務
    ````shell
    #!/bin/sh
    sudo VBoxClient --clipboard
    sudo bash /home/markv/server.sh
    ````
    修改檔案權限
    ````shell
    chmod u+x /etc/rc.local
    ````
3. 開啟服務
    ````shell
    systemctl enable rc-local.service
    ````


### 直接增加HTTP download資料夾內檔案

1. 根據‣ 建立起apache的路徑
2. 修改權限
    
    ```bash
    sudo chmod -R 777 \var\www\html\downloads
    ```
    
3. 在我的電腦建立捷徑
    - 我的電腦 > 右鍵 > 新增一個網路位置
    - 下一步 > 下一步 >網際網路或網路位址輸入如下 (IP及使用者自行修改) >下一步 > 下一步 > 完成
        
        ```bash
        \\192.168.253.129\markv22\var\www\html\downloads
         ```

## vscode git Permission denied (publickey).


## Firewall setting
### Setting window firewall
Default MQTT port 1883 is closed in windows
開始 > 防火牆與網路保護 > 進階設定
輸入規則 > 新增規則 > 選擇連接埠Port > TCP > 所有本機連接埠 > 8080 > 選擇 允許連線 > 私人 > 名稱:OCPP > 完成
輸入規則 > 同上
## MQTT
### Method: 1.MQTT install : command
#### MQTT Server
````
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install mosquitto mosquitto-clients -y
sudo systemctl enable mosquitto
vim /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/test.conf
````
>allow_anonymous true
listener 1883


````
sudo systemctl status mosquitto
sudo systemctl restart mosquitto
````
#### MQTT Client
````
sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev cmake git
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install uuid-dev
sudo apt-get install cmake

mkdir try_mqtt && cd try_mqtt
git clone https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.cpp
cd paho.mqtt.cpp
cmake -Bbuild -H.-DPAHO_WITH_SSL=ON -DPAHO_BUILD_SAMPLES=ON
cmake --build build/ --target install
````
Client
````
mosquitto_sub -h localhost -p 1883 -t "testchanel" -v
````
Server
````
mosquitto_pub -h localhost -p 1883 -t "testchanel" -m "Hello MQTT"
````
### Method: 2.MQTT install : source
#### MQTT Source install (instead of apt-get)
1. Source code download
    ````
    wget http://mosquitto.org/files/source/mosquitto-2.0.15.tar.gz
    ````
2. Unzip source code
    ````
    tar -zxvf mosquitto-2.0.15.tar.gz
    cd mosquitto-2.0.15/
    ````
4. cJSON Download & Compile & install 
    ````
    git clone https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON.git
    cd cJSON
    make
    sudo make install
    ````
6. Compile and install
    ````
    cd ..
    make
    sudo make install
    ````
#### Eclipse Paho MQTT C++ library download & install
1. Install packages 
    ````
     sudo apt-get install -y build-essential gcc make cmake cmake-gui cmake-curses-gui libssl-dev doxygen graphviz
    ````
2. (1)Building the Paho C library
    ````
    git clone https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.c.git
    cd paho.mqtt.c
    git checkout v1.3.13
    cmake -Bbuild -H. -DPAHO_ENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DPAHO_BUILD_STATIC=ON -DPAHO_WITH_SSL=ON -DPAHO_HIGH_PERFORMANCE=ON
    sudo cmake --build build/ --target install
    sudo ldconfig
    
    cmake -Bbuild -H. -DPAHO_ENABLE_TESTING=OFF -DPAHO_BUILD_STATIC=ON \
    -DPAHO_WITH_SSL=ON -DPAHO_HIGH_PERFORMANCE=ON \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/install
    ````
3. (2)Building the Paho C++ library
    ````
    git clone https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.cpp
    cd paho.mqtt.cpp

    cmake -Bbuild -H. -DPAHO_WITH_MQTT_C=ON -DPAHO_BUILD_STATIC=ON -DPAHO_BUILD_DOCUMENTATION=ON -DPAHO_BUILD_SAMPLES=ON
    sudo cmake --build build/ --target install
    sudo ldconfig
    ````
4. 
5. Download code
    ````
    git clone https://github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.cpp
    ````
#### MQTT C++ client code
3. client code
    


## cmake install in Ubuntu20
* Due to apt install cmake version is too old
1. Browser to https://cmake.org/download/
2. Download tar file ex:cmake-3.28.1.tar.gz
3. Unzip
    ````
    tar -zxvf cmake-3.28.1.tar.gz
    ````
4. Check files
    ````
    cd cmake-3.28.1
    ./bootstrap
    ````
5. Install
    ````
    make -j8
    sudo make install
    ````
6. Check version
    ````
    cmake --version
    ````


## Remove Dual System(Win10 & Ubuntu)
1.Windows10於"開始"右鍵 > 磁碟管理 > 查看Ubuntu安裝![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rkSoJ9nUp.png)

2.開始 > 搜尋PowerShell > 右鍵"管理員權限" 開啟 >
````
diskpart
list DISK
select DISK 2

````


## TLS Handshake flow
2023/12/15
```sequence
Note left of Client: Cipher Suites :N\nCompression Methods :N\nSignature algorithms :N\n...
Client->Server: Client Hello(Handshake)
Note right of Server: Cipher Suites: choose 1 in N\n
Note right of Server: 1.Certificate\n2.Server Key Exchange\n3.Server Hello Done
Server->Client: Server Hello
Client->Server: Client Key Exchange
Client->Server: Change Cipher Spec, Encrypted Handshake Message
Server->Client: New Session Ticket
Server->Client: Change Cipher Spec
Server->Client: Encrypted Handshake Message(Handshake Done)





```
## FTP-TLS flow
2023/12/13
```sequence
client->Server: non-TLS connect(port:21)
Server->client: 
Note right of Server: Establish connection
#Note right of Server: filezilla無回應點
client->Server: non-TLS Send: AUTH TLS
Server->client: 
Note right of Server: Convert to mbedtls handshake flow\nExcept mbed_tls_connect()
client->Server: mbedtls handshake(port:21)
Server->client: mbedtls handshake
client->Server: TLS Send: USER XXX
Server->client: 
client->Server: TLS Send: PASS XXX
Server->client: 
client->Server: TLS Send: PASV
Server->client: TLS Send: data_port(port:XXXXX)
client->Server: mbedtls handshake(port:XXXXX)
Server->client: mbedtls handshake
client->Server: mbedtls Start FTP downlaod
Server->client: 
client->Server: ...
Server->client: 
client->Server: Finish
Server->client: 




```
