Gno Fee Taskforce WIP

Goal

Find how much gas is used for common types of transactions
Estimate the amount of transactions of each type can be done by an average GNOT token holder
Recommend gas fee adjustments

Distribution (based on indepence-day balances)

Total number of accounts: 656,740

Totals

All: 752,454,999,663,089 ugnot
Top 1000 accounts: 621,654,079,086,191 ugnot
Bottom 1000 accounts: 2,000 ugnot
All excluding the top and bottom 1000: 130,800,920,574,898 ugnot

Weight

Top 1000 accounts (0.15% of the total number of accounts) hold 82.62% of the total balance
Bottom 1000 accounts (0.15% of the total number of accounts) hold 0.0000000003% of the total balance

Averages

All: 1,145,742,606.91 ugnot
Top 1000 accounts: 621,654,079,086.19 ugnot
Bottom 1000 accounts: 2.00 ugnot
All excluding the top and bottom 1000: 199,775,362.09 ugnot

Spread

Variance of balances: 18,446,744,073,709,551,615
Standard deviation of balances: 4,294,967,296

Percentiles

99th percentile of balances: 4,060,691,105 ugnot
95th percentile of balances: 552,862,608 ugnot
90th percentile of balances: 239,673,979 ugnot
75th percentile of balances: 52,359,891 ugnot
50th percentile of balances: 8,388,001 ugnot (median)
25th percentile of balances: 194,150 ugnot
10th percentile of balances: 7,496 ugnot
5th percentile of balances: 4,872 ugnot
1st percentile of balances: 9 ugnot

Gas usage

Global average cost: 6,744,429 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.24 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 169.88 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 29.62 times

Bank transfer

Average cost: 45,116 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can transfer 185.92 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can transfer 4.30 times
Average user can transfer 25,395.48 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can transfer 4,428.04 times

Realm "gno.land/r/demo/boards"

Realm average cost: 6,357,615 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.32 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 180.22 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 31.42 times

Func "CreateBoard"

Func "CreateBoard" average cost: 10,282,870 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 0.82 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.02 times
Average user can call 111.42 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 19.43 times

Func "GetBoardIDFromName"

Func "GetBoardIDFromName" average cost: 1,137,910 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 7.37 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.17 times
Average user can call 1,006.88 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 175.56 times

Func "CreateThread"

Func "CreateThread" average cost: 6,821,067 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.23 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 167.97 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 29.29 times

Func "CreateReply"

Func "CreateReply" average cost: 6,983,445 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.20 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 164.07 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 28.61 times

Func "DeletePost"

Func "DeletePost" average cost: 6,562,785 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.28 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 174.58 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 30.44 times

Realm "gno.land/r/demo/grc20factory"

Realm average cost: 7,131,244 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.18 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 160.67 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 28.01 times

Func "NewWithAdmin"

Func "NewWithAdmin" average cost: 7,538,156 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.11 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 151.99 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 26.50 times

Func "Mint"

Func "Mint" average cost: 6,575,337 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.28 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 174.25 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 30.38 times

Func "Burn"

Func "Burn" average cost: 6,198,809 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.35 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.03 times
Average user can call 184.83 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 32.23 times

Func "Transfer"

Func "Transfer" average cost: 8,212,674 ugnot
Median user (50th percentile) can call 1.02 times
Bottom quarter user (25th percentile) can call 0.02 times
Average user can call 139.51 times
Average (excluding top and bottom 1000) can call 24.33 times

Onbloc Research & Notes

Gno Transaction Fee Comparison in Devnet

General Transfer:
- Fee: 0.000115 GNOT
- Used/Wanted: 47,066/55,015 (85.55%)
Mint Transaction (GnoSwap):
- Fee: 0.405793 GNOT
- Used/Wanted: 162,318,280/194,780,448 (83.33%)
The Mint transaction consumes about x3500 more fees than a general GNOT transfer transaction
Even if the Mint transaction requires complex computation such as uint256, this gap is too large and seems abnormal.
- Mint function: https://github.com/gnoswap-labs/gnoswap/blob/main/contract/r/gnoswap/position/position.gno#L75
A simple direct swap (not a complex routed swap) consumes 0.251787 GNOT, Used/Wanted of (100,715,640/120,857,292 (83.33%).
- Swap function: https://github.com/gnoswap-labs/gnoswap/blob/main/contract/r/gnoswap/pool/swap.gno#L44

Transaction Fee Comparison in Portal-loop

General Transfer:
- Fee: 0.000114 GNOT
- Used/Wanted: 44,310/54,271 (81.65%)
Deposit (r/demo/wugnot, a simple contract):
- Fee: 0.01727 GNOT
- Used/Wanted: 6,908,950/8,289,264 (83.35%)
A simple contract use consumes x151 more gas than a general transfer.

Transaction execution information

Realm Package: gno.land/r/demo/wugnot
Function: Deposit

gnokey maketx call \
-pkgpath "gno.land/r/demo/wugnot" \
-func "Deposit" \
-send "1000ugnot" \
-gas-fee 1000000ugnot \
-gas-wanted 20000000 \
-broadcast \
-chainid dev \
test1

Gas consumption by item

description:  ReadFlat , consumed:  10000
description:  WriteFlat , consumed:  10000
description:  WritePerByte , consumed:  17610
description:  ante verify: secp256k1 , consumed:  1000
description:  GetPackageRealmPerByte , consumed:  35632
description:  SetObjectPerByte , consumed:  31360
description:  txSize , consumed:  2510
description:  ReadPerByte , consumed:  3522
description:  GetObjectPerByte , consumed:  2668848
description:  CPUCycles , consumed:  158313
description:  SetPackageRealmPerByte , consumed:  35632
description:  DeleteObjectFlat , consumed:  7430

Gas consumption is about 89.5% being consumed by the item called GetObjectPerByte.
- Items that load the VM’s state objects
  Consuming gas to load objects seems like a reasonable gas consumption.
  However, the gas weight of GetObjectPerByte is multiplied by 16 and is consuming a lot of gas.

I have a couple questions here.
I’ll have to track what is being loaded further, but is a weight of 16 appropriate?

GasConfig: https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/f35bbf2669aab346e59f9b1f66aff3880f258f8f/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/store.go#L116
Or what do you think about separating the weight of load package realms from load state objects?
GetPackageRealm: https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/f35bbf2669aab346e59f9b1f66aff3880f258f8f/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/store.go#L342
GetObject: https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/f35bbf2669aab346e59f9b1f66aff3880f258f8f/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/store.go#L397

Giuseppe / Milos gas fee message

Here is where we do the fee validation:
https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/6f91a35f3fcb0da593a8b45f6b19d70865406e05/tm2/pkg/sdk/auth/ante.go#L333-L406

The block gas context value is set in the app setup:
https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/6f91a35f3fcb0da593a8b45f6b19d70865406e05/gno.land/pkg/gnoland/app.go#L124-L125

the initial value of the block gas context (price) is set in the init chainer:
https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/6f91a35f3fcb0da593a8b45f6b19d70865406e05/gno.land/pkg/gnoland/app.go#L330-L331

this param value is set in the initial auth params:
https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/6f91a35f3fcb0da593a8b45f6b19d70865406e05/tm2/pkg/sdk/auth/params.go#L34 (by default it's 0.001ugnot/gas, it's part of the genesis state in genesis.json):

  "auth": {
      "params": {
        "max_memo_bytes": "65536",
        "tx_sig_limit": "7",
        "tx_size_cost_per_byte": "10",
        "sig_verify_cost_ed25519": "590",
        "sig_verify_cost_secp256k1": "1000",
        "gas_price_change_compressor": "10",
        "target_gas_ratio": "70",
        "initial_gasprice": {
          "gas": "1000",
          "price": "1ugnot"
        }
      }
    }

This block-level gas price is updated in the EndBlocker logic:
https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/6f91a35f3fcb0da593a8b45f6b19d70865406e05/tm2/pkg/sdk/auth/keeper.go#L195-L205

The validators set the target gas ratio to move the minimum network gas fee up or down (check calcBlockGasPrice).
This value is updated through the params keeper, which we can call through governance proposals in gno code

The node-specific gas limit is also set in the app setup (config.toml param):
https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/6f91a35f3fcb0da593a8b45f6b19d70865406e05/gno.land/pkg/gnoland/app.go#L88.

Node operators can update this at any time before they start their node

@Ray Qin can correct me if I missed something in haste, but this should be it:

network (block) gas fee limits are controlled through governance (govdao), using the params module. Initial state set in genesis state
validator (node) gas fee limits are set through the config.toml , and are node-specific